智慧樹知到《能源英語面面觀》章節(jié)測試答案

1、智慧樹知到能源英語面面觀章節(jié)測試答案第一章1 、 The Chinese equivalent of ESAP is（ ）. 科技英語通用英語通用學(xué)術(shù)英語專用學(xué)術(shù)英語答案: 通用學(xué)術(shù)英語2 、 The word “synergy” means（ ）based on its etymological explanation. 反感協(xié)同作用無 用 功 有效能量答案: 協(xié)同作用3、The word “oil” originally means “any kind of smooth greasy liquid” but later acquires the specific meaning of “

2、petroleum”. This word-forming method is called（ ）. Generalization Specialization Extension Specification答案: Specialization4、Compounded words have four characteristics, among which（ ）refers to its spelling features.grammatical semantic phonological orthographical答案: orthographical5 、 Sour oil means o

3、il that contains a relatively high proportion of（ ）. sulfurcarbon hydrogen oxygen答案: sulfur6 、 The sun energizes photosynthesis and brings about the energy called（ ）. physical energychemical energy kinetic energy geothermal energy答案: chemical energy7、Energy industry is the totality of all of the ind

4、ustries involved in the productionand sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing（, ）and distribution.refining defining retailingdecomposing答案: refining8、The underlined word “tap” means（ ）in the following sentenceOil is formed and then percolates up through cracks and porous rock to fil

5、l the reservoirs that humanstap to get oil.敲打輕拍利用開采答案: 開采9 、 Abbreviations can achieve brevity, conciseness, efficiency andeconomy. Therefore it is frequently used in the following domain EXCEPT（ ）.new reports academic papers business writing fiction writing答案: fiction writing10 、 Energy conversion

6、efficiency () is the ratio between（ ）and（ ）. input, outputoutput, input consumption, production production, consumption 答案: input, output第二章1 、 ( ) is not a real coal, but only a precursor. PeatLignite Bituminous coal Anthracite答案: Peat2、China is the largest coal () country in 2017. importproduction

7、 export reserve答案: production3 、 A tale of two Europes means ( ). Northern Europe and Southern Europe Western Europe and Eastern Europesome countries in western Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-outpoor Europe and rich Europe答案: some countries in we

8、stern Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-out4、The abiotic theory is developed in () during the Cold War, as it needed to be self sufficient in terms of producing its own energy.GermanyAmerica Soviet Union China答案: Soviet Union5 、 Slightly more than h

9、alf of the worlds proven reserves are located in ( ). Latin AmericaAmerica Soviet Unionthe Middle East答案: the Middle East6、In China, most natural gas is distributed in (). plainsbasins mountains plateaus答案: basins7 、 Which of the following are fossil fuels? renewablenatural gas petroleum coal答案: nat

10、ural gas,petroleum,coal8、The most significant uses of coal are in (). electricity generationsteel production cement manufacturing liquid fuel答 案 : electricity generation,steel production,cement manufacturing,liquid fuel9、According to a report by British Petroleum (BP), Large supplies of coal are kno

11、wn to exist (proven reserves) or thought to be available in ( ).South America North America EuropeAsia答案: North America,Europe,Asia10、Across much of Asia, coal demand grows due to its (). affordabilitynonrenewable efficiency availability答案: affordability,availability11 、 In the argument about the or

12、igin of oil, scientists should avoid letting ( ) prevent them from accepting the truth, whatever that proves to be.previous ideas politicsscientific competition energy shortage答案: previous ideas,politics,scientific competition12 、 Petroleum is a ( ) mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous hydrocarbons

13、 that occurs naturally beneath the Earths surface.thick flammableyellow-to-black thin答案: thick,flammable,yellow-to-black13、According to the report by EIA in 2018, the top three countries by oil production are ( ).the USA Saudi Arabia RussiaIran答案: the USA,Saudi Arabia,Russia14 、 Fossil fuels origina

14、ted from dinosaurs. 對錯答案: 錯15 、 To carry coals to Newcastle is like to pour sand on the beach. 對錯答案: 對16、In order to reduce the consumption of coal , China has tried its best to invest in renewable energy and to adopt new technology to improve the efficiency in industry.對錯答案: 對17 、 The word “petrole

15、um” originated in Latin which means “rock oil”. 對錯答案: 對18、Oil and natural gas are often found in similar areas, although natural gas will almost certainly be higher in the ground and under less pressure than oil.對錯答案: 錯第三章1、Fuel cell engines (燃料電池發(fā)動機(jī)) are two to three times more efficient than combu

16、stion engines, meaning that much greater fuel economy is available using hydrogen in a fuel cell.對錯答案:對2 、 A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from chemical fuels, in justone step. Unlike batteries, fuel cells dont run down or need recharging. As long as there is a constant source of f

17、uel and oxygen, fuel cells will continue to generate power. And they dont burn the fuel the electricity is produced directly.對錯答案:對3、We are more independent on electricity than we were generations ago so a failure of supply today can have major consequences.對錯答案:錯4、Because the fuel cell is so much m

18、ore efficient that the internal combustion engine, fueling a fuel cell car can cost around the same as fueling a gasoline car.對錯答案:對5 、 Refueling a fuel cell car is more complex and dangerous than with traditional gasoline vehicles.對錯答案:錯6、Solar panels, wind turbines, hydro power and geothermal ener

19、gy and hydrocarbons (natural gas or coal) can all be used to produce hydrogen (a primary energy).對錯答案:錯7 、 Electrolysis can use wind, solar, geothermal, fossil fuels, biomass, nuclear, and many other energy sources.對錯答案:對8、Ways to produce hydrogen fuel include producing it from nuclear power, biomas

20、s, algae, artificial photosynthesis, direct solar and coal gasification.對錯答案:對9 、 Solar power causes no pollution at all. 對錯答案:錯10 、 Seasonal variations in precipitation and long-term changes in precipitation patterns, such as droughts, have a big impact on hydropower production.對錯答案:對11 、 Petroleum

21、 and natural gas beneath the ocean floor are also considered a form of ocean energy.對錯答案:對12、Hydropower systems build pressure either by containing the water behind a dam, or within a pipe that runs down a hill. The weight of the water behind the dam or in the pipe creates pressure at the bottom. Mo

22、re height creates more pressure, and more pressure means we can get more power from the flow of water.對錯答案:對13 、 The 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world andbrought renewed attention to developing solar technologies.對錯答案:對14、New energy v

23、ehicles are driven by the enery of. It is believed that they reduce our dependence on petroleum and may reduce greenhouse gas emissions.electricity hydrogen wind sunshine答案:hydrogen15 、 _ is the first element on the periodic table, making it the lightest element. Since it is so light, it rises in th

24、e atmosphere and is therefore rarely found in its pure form.Oxygen NitrogenHydrogen Carbon答案:Hydrogen16、In a flame of pure hydrogen gas, burning in air, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water and releases.little hydrogen little oxygen energywaste答案:energy17、has the highest energy content of a

25、ll known conventional fuels (by weight). It has almost 3 times more energy content by mass than.Hydrogen, gasoline Hydrogen, oil Oxygen, fossil fuels Oxygen, gasoline答案:Hydrogen, gasoline18 、 The only products that come out of a fuel cell are. No pollution or other dirty byproducts come out of the t

26、ailpipe of a fuel cell car.electricity and hydrogen water and oxygen electricity, heat and waterenergy, water vapor, and oxygen 答案:electricity, heat and water19、Fuel cells are versatile as they can scale up easily and meet a variety of power needs large or small. You can individual fuel cells to inc

27、rease the amount of power they can provide. The taller the stack, the more power you have.install stack divide separate 答案:stack20、Pure hydrogen does not occur naturally on Earth in large quantities, and it is locked up in enormous quantities in water, hydrocarbons, and other. One of the challenges

28、of using hydrogen as a fuel comes from being able to efficiently extract hydrogen from these compounds (化合物).plantsorganic matter fossil fuels inorganic matter答案:organic matter21、is an energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human engineered conversion process. It is energy co

29、ntained in raw fuels, and other forms of energy received as input to a system.Primary energy Premium energy Principal energy Preliminary energy 答案:Primary energy22、In electrolysis, electricity is run through water to separate the _ and _ atoms. hydrogen, waterhydrogen, energy hydrogen, oxygen water,

30、 heat答案:hydrogen, oxygen23、Manufacturers of hydrogen generators have developed methods to use lower amounts of electricity to split water into hydrogen. Different electrolytes or catalysts are used inthe bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms that make up water.loosening strengthening separating sp

31、litting答案:loosening24 、 The scientists and researchers have mostly decided that using nuclear power plants that are currently online may be able to produce hydrogen fuel as a byproduct of the water that they are already using to cool the .nuclear tower reactors nuclear fusionnuclear fission 答案:react

32、ors25 、 Landfills and farms can have high concentrations of _ which is hydrogen-rich chemical compound.methanecarbon dioxide oxygen hydrocarbon答案:methane26、Most of todays hydrogen is produced from natural gas through a process called steam methane reforming. This is where steam and come together und

33、er high temperature to produce hydrogen.water methane hydrocarbons oxygen答案:hydrocarbons27 、 A raging river contains energya small stream. less, thanmore, than same, withall possibilities above 答案:more, than28、Beams of sunshine are waves of light and heat energy, radiated across 93 million miles of

34、space to reach our earth in about .a second eight minutes an houra year答案:eight minutes29 、 Sunlight reaches us by radiation. Radiation travels in electromagnetic waves consisting of, and when the energy waves reach an object, they can either pass through it, or be reflected, or be absorbed, dependi

35、ng on the material. PVs are made out of a semi-conducting material. When they absorb photons of sunlight, the energy of the photons dislodges electrons from their atoms. The PV s special coating attracts free electrons to the surface, and it is this movement of electrons that produces the electrical

36、 current.electrons photons neutrons atoms答案:photons30、Floatovoltaics reduce the need of valuable land area, save drinking water that would otherwise be lost through, and show a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion, as the panels are keptat a _ temperature thanthey would be on land.evaporatio

37、n, cooler evaporation, hotter precipitation, cooler precipitation, hotter 答案:evaporation, cooler31 、 The island of Tau in American Samoa, small in size though, is large when it comes to renewable energy. It producing 100% of its electricity from solar power. The batteries store energy for up to days

38、 on which the sun doesnt shine.three hundred thirtythree one答案:three32 、 Hydrogen fuel can be harvested from biomass.,andare three places that create much biomass.sewage plants landfills farmshospital答案:sewage plants、landfills、farms33 、 The amount of _ that drains into rivers and streams in a geogra

39、phic area determines the amount of water available for producing hydropower.raindrop snowfall flood precipitation答案:raindrop、snowfall、precipitation34 、 The volume of the water flow and the change in _ from one point to another determine the amount of available energy in moving water.water speed elev

40、ation fallwater flow答案:elevation、fall35 、 Water wheels are machines that use the energy ofto turn a wheel. The axle of the turning wheel can then power other machines to do work.flowing wateror falling water or bothneither of them答案:flowing water、or falling water、or both36 、 The Three Gorges Dam has

41、 brought benefits to Chinese people mainly in. flood controlnavigation improvement power generation tourism opportunities答案:flood control、navigation improvement、power generation、tourism opportunities 37 、 New nuclear is impractical in western countries because of.popular opposition regulatory uncert

42、aintyoft demand for multiple reactor units high costs答案:popular opposition、regulatory uncertainty、oft demand for multiple reactor units、high costs38 、 Strong ocean currents are generated from a combination of temperature, wind, salinity, bathymetry, and the rotation of the Earth. The Sun acts as the

43、 primary driving force, causing _.windscurrentstemperature differences tides答案:winds、temperature differences39 、 Common environmental concerns associated with marineenergy developments include.the risk of marine mammals and fish being struck by tidal turbine bladesthe effects of EMF and underwater n

44、oise emitted from operating marine energy devicesthe physical presence of marine energy projects and their potential to alter the behavior of marine mammals, fish, and seabirds with attraction or avoidancethe potential effect on nearfield and farfield marine environment and processes such as sedimen

45、t transport and water quality答案:the risk of marine mammals and fish being struck by tidal turbine blades、the effects of EMF and underwater noise emitted from operating marine energy devices、the physical presence of marine energy projects and their potential to alter the behavior of marine mammals, f

46、ish, and seabirds with attraction or avoidanc 、e the potential effect on nearfield and farfield marine environment and processes such as sediment transport and water quality第四章1 、 Hydroelectric facilities might have a major impact on（ ）. aquatic ecosystemsbirds batspolar bears答案:aquatic ecosystems2、

47、Geothermal energy brings air emissions including（ ）.hydrogen sulfide carbon dioxide methaneallthe options答案:allthe options3 、（ ）is NOT one of the gender issues in energy industry. gender gapracial discrimination glass ceilingwage inequality答案:racial discrimination4、Wind farms may bring（ ）. reservoir

48、 damagenoise pollution respiratory disease psychiatric disorders 答案:noise pollution5 、 Under certain lighting conditions, wind turbines can create an effect known as（ ）.urban heat island effect light transmissionshadow flickerisland effect答案:shadow flicker6 、 To achieve gender equity in the energy s

49、ector does not mean achieving（ ）. equal opportunityequal pay equal timeequal leadership 答案:equal time7 、 STEM education does not include（ ）. sciencetechnology engineering masculinity答案:masculinity8、Women are trying to get involved in energy sectors by making efforts in different aspects except（ ）.ma

50、king energy policies complaining juvenile delinquencyfounding renewable energy companies creating green energy initiatives答案:complaining juvenile delinquency 9、Earth Hour starts at（ ）.20:3020:0019:3019:00答案:20:3010、WWF is short for（ ）. World Wrestling Federation World Wide Fund for Nature World Web

51、FoundationWorld Wildlife Family答案:World Wide Fund for Nature11 、（ ）is the worlds largest conservation organization. IEAIRENA WWF OPEC答案:WWF12 、 WWF is well-known for its（ ）logo created in 1961. tigerpandapolar bear penguin答案:panda13 、 Which one of these increases the level of carbon dioxide in our a

52、tmosphere? Driving a carTraveling by plane Cutting down trees Allthe options答案:Allthe options14 、（ ）is taken in by plants to make food. carbon dioxidehydrogen oxygen nitrogen答案:carbon dioxide15 、 The process by which plants make food is called（ ）. condensationphotosynthesis respiration transpiration

53、答案:photosynthesis16 、（ ）also known as IEA, is at the heart of global dialogue on energy. Interscholastic Equestrian AssociationIndividualized Education Account International Energy AgencyInfrastructure & Energy Alternatives 答案:International Energy Agency17 、（ ）is an example of initialism. NATOHTML I

54、RENA ASAP答案:HTML18、The（ ）is an intergovernmental organization to promote adoption and sustainable use of renewable energy.World Energy ForumOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development United NationsInternational Renewable Energy Agency答 案 :International Renewable Energy Agency 19 、 Choose

55、 the correct abbreviation.（ ） We start school on Augst. 8th.We start school on Ag. 8th. We start school on Aug. 8th. We start school on Augt. 8th.答案:We start school on Aug. 8th.20、What time of the day is 12:00 A.M.?（ ）.midnight morning afternoon evening答案:midnight21、“I live on 9200 S. Bell St.” What

56、 does S. stand for in this sentence?（ ） SouthStreet Sour Sideway答案:South22 、 Countries that rely on oil exports, can suffer from a phenomenon known as the（ ）.“English Disease” “Arabic Disease” “Dutch Disease” “Greek Disease”答案:“Dutch Disease”23 、 The（ ）Effect refers to a concept that small causes ca

57、n have large effects. CatfishBlack Sheep Hedgehog Butterfly答案:Butterfly24 、 The carbon market is a market in which we trade（ ）. carbon dioxidecarbon emission allowances carbon cyclecarbon copies答案:carbon emission allowances25 、 What year did oil prices skyrocket thanks to an OPEC embargo?（ ） 1953196

58、319731983答案:197326 、 Plastic type（ ）is typically used to make bottles for water.1436答案:127、It is safer toput type（ ）polypropylene into a microwaveoven.1357答案:528 、 Which is an example of geopolitics?（ ） The Great DepressionThe Cold War The RenaissanceThe French Revolution 答案:The Cold War29、Geopoliti

59、cs is closest to（ ）. Geo philosophySociologyPolitical geography Geographic politics答案:Geographic politics30 、 Carbon footprints can NOT be reduced through（ ）. recycling as much as possibleeating more meatunplugging unused electronic devices improving energy efficiency答案:eating more meat 第五章1、The anc

60、ient (), were all formed along the rivers. CivilizationsIndustries Cultures Trade答案:Civilizations2 、 Before the industrial revolution, the most important resources were () in agricultural societyCoal and oil Land and oil Land and water Oil and water答案:Land and water3 、 After the industrial revolutio