作文煉句第21篇老師譯文筆記

1、1.人類天生就對周圍發(fā)生的事情感到好奇，對于尤其如此。對很多人來說，雖然可怕，但同樣能引起他們的。正因為如此，報紙和電視簡報上充滿了對于的。It is human nature （1.人類天性）to be curious about the eventsppen around us. When itcomes to （2.對于）crime, this is espelly so. For many, although crime is something to befeared, it is also somethingt draws theirerest（3.吸引他們的）, and ther

2、eforenewsprs andevinews bulletins （4.電視簡報）are full of reports of crime.1- human naturehuman nature 前面不加冠詞 the 或 a，也沒有復數(shù)形式。詞典釋義：humannaturenoununcountablethe natural ways of behaving性t most people share人You cant change human nature.你無法改變?nèi)诵浴tsonlyhuman nature (= It is natural) to wantthebest for your

3、 children.希望自己的孩子得到最好的乃是人之常情。外刊例句：But the sucs of schemes like the one in Kirklees owesasmuch to an understanding of humannature. （）但像科那種計劃之所以能成功，很大程度上歸功于對人性的深刻認識。替換表達：Humans are by nature2- When it comes to注意這里 to 是介詞。詞典釋義：32.PHRASEexpres to in a topic短語when order to談到;涉及it comes toYou orcan use th

4、ewhen it comes downroduce a new topic or a new aspect of talking about.t you are【搭配模式】：PHRn/-ingMost of us know we should cut down on fat. But knowingsuch andthings isnt much help when itcomes toshopeating.大多數(shù)人都知道應該減少脂肪量。但是在購物和吃東西的時候，這些就丟到一邊去了。However, when itcomesdown to somebodyt they know,they ha

5、ve a different feeling.然而，涉及他們認識的人，他們的感覺就不同了。外刊例句：By letting lower-court decis stand but notrequiringother courts to abide by the ruling, the stage isset for odd se-by-seor district-by-districtdistinctions whenit comes to the meaning of laws or theconstitution. （）（）讓低級能維持原判，但又不要求其他遵從其，而這就造成了各州及個地區(qū)對于

6、法律和的解釋各不相同。替換表達：for crime學生錯誤表達：（1）when itrefers to點評：沒有 when it refersto 的說法，應該改為 when it comesto3- draw oneserest詞典釋義：drawUK dr: ATTRACTUS dr:吸引verb (drew,drawn)transitiveto attractattention or注意）erest吸引，引起（、Hes an excellent speaker who alwaysdraws acrowd.IMPROVER他很擅長，總能吸引大批的聽眾。Does he todrawwear

7、those ridiculous clothesattention?他穿那些滑稽的衣服就是想吸引人們的注意嗎？Could Idraw your attention toitemnumber threeonnda?我可以請你看一看議程的第三項內(nèi)容嗎？外刊例句：They often regard these companies as a visible,publicstaget they can use to drawerest,” hesays. “They will change or evolve their tactics to keepthespotlight on their caus

8、e as long assible.” （）他說:“他們經(jīng)常認為這些公司是能讓其吸引公眾注意力的高度的公眾，他們會改變其策略來讓他們的事業(yè)盡可能久地處于聚光燈下。”替換表達：draw oyes4-evinews bulletins詞典釋義：bulletinUKbl.tnUS -tn nouncountablea about newspshort news programme onevior radio oftensomethings jusppened, or a shortr pred by ananization（電視或電臺的）新聞快報；（機構的）簡報an hourly newsbulle

9、tin 整點快報The company publishes a fortnightly staff.這家公司每兩周為員工出一期簡報。bulletinforits例句：Whenstockmarkets fall precipiely, the story makes thenightlyevinews bulletins.（）隨著市場迅速崩塌，這個故事就變成了每晚的快報。Q：對翻譯來講，在保證正確的基礎上，是否用越多的句式，越高級的詞語就越好呢？應該是不一定的吧？A：不一定的，是否用高級的單詞要看這個詞是否能在語境中精確表達出意思，如果不夠精確，就不能用。關于這方面的知識，你去看 On Writ

10、ing Well 這本書。For many, although crime is something to be feared, itisalso somethingt draws theirerest, and thereforenewspr andevinews bulletins are full of reportsof crime.分析本句是一個由 and 連接的并列句，其前一分句的主干為 it isalso somethingt draws theirerest，這是一個主系表結構，其中主語 it 指代 crime，表語為 somethingt draws theirerest，其

11、中包含了一個定語從句t draws theirerest，修飾 something。句首 Formany 和 although crime issomething to be feared 為兩個狀語。該句的后一分句為therefore newspr andevinews bulletins are fullofreports of crime，這是一個主系表結構，其中，therefore 為狀語，newspr andevinews bulletins 為主語，full ofreports of crime 為表語。這產(chǎn)生的結果就是很多花費大量時間名人，無論這些名人去了哪里。他們希望可以到（名

12、人）羞辱性的，或者得到聳人聽聞的故事。In countriesve free media, the press is allowed to cover virtually any storyt they beve2.在的國家 被允許幾乎任何他們認為有價值或者僅僅有利可圖的is newsworthy （1.有價值的）or simply profitable. The result ist many reporters spendmuch of their time stalking （2.）cerities wherever they go,he hope oap（3.）a humiliatin

13、g photo or obtaining a sensationalist （4.聳人聽聞的）story.1- newsworthy詞典釋義：newsworthy1.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容詞有價值的;有價值的;值得的An event, fact, or ors or onbe theradioorevi.The number of deathsmakes the價值。storynewsworthy.人數(shù)使這篇具有了This situation mightdevelopo anevenmorenewsworthyitem if the涉入的話，這個局面就會變得

14、更有were involved.如果價值了。外刊例句：Bhumibol Adulyadej, the 88-year-old king ofiland,hasbeen in poor health for so longt each fresh bout ofillness seems scarcelynewsworthy.（）這位 88 歲的國王長期以來身體都不好，以至于其病況更新都難稱得上具有價值。學生錯誤表達：（1）valuable點評：表達不夠準確，valuable 是泛指某事物有價值，沒有表達出“”這一層含義。2- stalking詞典釋義：stalkUK st:kFOLLOWUS

15、st:k跟隨verbtransitiveto follow ananimal oras closely assiblewithout being seen or heard, usuallyin order to catch orkill them，悄悄地靠近（獵物或人）Thehad beenstalkingthe woman for ak了她一before they arrested her.個。逮捕那個女人之前已經(jīng)ransitiveortransitiveto illegallyfollow and watch someone, usually awoman, over（通常指女性）rio

16、dof time（在一段時期內(nèi)）騷擾He was arrested forstalking.他因騷擾女性而。外刊例句：Meanwhile, Graham Arnold and Kevuscat spent muchoftheir time stalking the touchlineand berating thefourth offil. （）與此同時，格萊漢姆和慕斯耗費大量時間來騷擾邊裁和第四裁判員。替換表達：follow學生錯誤表達：（1）track點評：track 一般是指“找尋，追蹤（犯人或獵物）”，例如：have been tracking the four criminals a

17、ll overCentralAmerica.一直在洲到處追捕這四名犯人。這里用來指對的不太恰當。（2）trace點評：trace 是指“找到，查出”，例如：are trying to tracea young woman who was seen near theaccident.在設法尋找目擊者稱在事故現(xiàn)場附近出現(xiàn)過的一名年輕女子。（3）tail點評：拼寫錯誤，tail 不可與 trail。3- snap詞典釋義：snapsnpverb (-pp-)PHOTOGRAPH攝影ransitiveortransitiveto take a lot ofphotographs quickly拍快照H

18、e was arrested forsnap photos of a parade.他因拍攝了閱兵的快照而被逮捕。militaryShes very pleased withher new camera andthe whole time we were abroad.她對在國外時，她一直不停地拍照。wa apaway自己的新相機十分滿意，例句：The invention of the handheld camera appalled19th-centurysociety, as did the “Kodak fiends” whopatrolled beacheapsunbathers.（）

19、手持式相機在十九世紀引起了轟動，與此同時，那些在沙灘游蕩偷拍日光浴者的“柯達粉絲”也不妨多讓。替換表達：get a snapshot of學生錯誤表達：（1）take / get點評：take/get 不能體現(xiàn)出“”這一層含義。4- sensationalist詞典釋義：sensationalist1.ADJ-GRADED詞 (能被表示程度的副詞或介詞詞組修飾的形容、電視廣播)聳人聽聞的，追求轟動效應的Sensationalistnews programmes present the worse or more shockingreports and facts in a way n they

20、 reallyeviand radioseemare.【語用信息】：disapproval.sensationalistheadlines.聳人聽聞的標題Thctures weresensationalistand could seriouslydisturb younger readers.這些的讀者們惶恐不安。大肆渲染，會讓一些比較年輕外刊例句：Last month it broadcast anot-uncharacteristically sensationalist report aboutgrenadeattacks in Nairobi, wilarge on-screen ba

21、nnerscreamingf violentdisturbanincident. （）它于上個月播報了一則關于內(nèi)羅畢的聳人聽聞的，在屏幕上輔以極大標題“”二字，暗指將發(fā)生一系列，但實際上這次只是一次與他人無關的意外。替換表達：sensational學生錯誤表達：（1）appalling點評：appalling 含義是 Causing consternation or dismay;frightful，比如 appalling working conditions 可怕的工作條件/appalling駭人的一般不能用來指聳人聽聞。Q：有些時候是形容詞修飾名詞，有些時候是名詞修飾名詞，這兩者之間區(qū)別

22、嗎？還是說名詞修飾名詞一般是固定表達，而通常是用形容詞修飾名詞呢？望老師解答，老師。A：名詞修飾名詞的情況一般是固定表達，比如 attention span，panic attack 等，遇到這種情況可以當成特例下來。In countriesve free media, the press is allowedtocover virtually any storyt they beve is newsworthyor simplyprofitable.分析本句的主干是 the press is allowedto cover virtuallyany story，這是一個結構，the pres

23、s 是主語，is allowed 是謂語，to cover virtually any story 是不定式作主語補足語，在這個不定式中還包含了一個t 引導的定語從句t they beve isnewsworthyor simply profitable，修飾 story。句首是一個地點狀語從句，其中，ve free media 是定語從句，修飾countries。The result ist many reports spend much of theirtimestalking cerities wherever they go,he hope ofsnapa humiliatingpho

24、to or obtaining a sensationaliststory.分析本句的主干是 The result ist，這是一個主系表結構，其中表語由長長的由t 引導的名詞性從句承擔，該表語從句的結構為 sb spend timeng sth，主語為 many reports，謂語是spend，賓語是 much of their time，狀語是 stalkingceritieswherever they go，這個狀語里面又包含了一個地點狀語 wherever they go，句子最后是由he hope of 引導的介詞短語，作目的狀語。1- be subject to strict c

25、ontrolsbe subject to 含義較多，這里是指按照法律、規(guī)定等，必須服從的。3.盡管 有時候會導致一些問題，但這并不意味著 應該受到嚴格管控。在多數(shù)情況下，人們 知道他們身邊正在發(fā)生著什么。如果在某一特定的區(qū)域存在大量的謀殺，而罪犯又在逃的話，告知該區(qū)域居民的必要性應該大于其他任何顧慮。Although the reporting of crime can sometimes lead to certain problems, this does not meant the media should be subject to strict controls（1.受到嚴格控制）.

26、ost cases, people have the right to know what is going on around them. If there was a spate of （2.大量的）murders in one particular area and the petrator remainedarge（3.在逃的）, the need to inform those livinghat area should be placed above any other concerns（4.置于其他顧慮之上）.詞典釋義：subject8.ADJi have形容詞bject受支配的

27、;服從于的If someoneto a particular set of rules or laws, theyto obey those rules or laws.【搭配模式】：v-link ADJ to nThe tribunal is unique because Mr Jones is notsubjecttothe normal安條例discipline code.因為先生不受一般的治約束，所以專門設立了特別。.arguingt as a sovereign se it could notbesubjectto another countrys laws.爭論說作為一個主權國家其

28、不受其他國家法律的約束外刊例句：Precisely because of its cachet (or capacityfor exploiion), businese of the word university issubject to strict controls. （）“大學”一詞的商業(yè)使用受到嚴格，這絕對因為其威望或者說其可供開發(fā)利用的價值。替換表達：something should be under strict / tight control2- a spate of詞典釋義：spatespetnouncountable usually singulara larger num

29、ber of eventsn usual,espe timellyunpleasant ones, happeningat about the same（尤指不愉快的）大量突發(fā)事件are investigating aspateof最近在金burglariesheKingsland Road area.正在路周邊地區(qū)接連發(fā)生的破門竊盜案。外刊例句：A spate of retirements atWimbledon showst hobbledentrants are reluctant to give up ringspos and prizemoney. （）不少網(wǎng)球比賽的選手突然退賽，這

30、表明了，不少有傷在身的選手不愿放棄分數(shù)和獎金。替換表達：a large number of / a host of學生錯誤表達：（1）a large amount of點評：amount of 后面只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞，這里 murder 是可數(shù)名詞，不能用 a large amount of 來修飾。3-arge詞典釋義：argephrase2. if a criminal or a large, they have not been caughtdangerous animal is atA third, unidentifiedremainsatlarge.Thesaurus: Maine

31、ntry:free and independentsynonym large外刊例句：Although he is frustratedt so manys remain atlarge, the chiefvoy tonia, AustriasWolfgang Petritsch, bea helpfuleffect on the political atmosphereregion. （）出使波黑的奧地利國際首席大使奇雖然對許多嫌疑犯仍逍遙法外感到失望，但他認為該特別對當?shù)仄鸱e極影響。替換表達：on the run4-sth be placed above any other concer

32、ns詞典釋義：placeplesverbITION位置ransitiveortransitiveto put安放，擺放somethingin a particularition放置，Sheplacedtheletter in front of me.她把信放在我面前。Sheplacedhername on the list of上。voteers.她把自己的名字寫在志工Idplacehim among the ten most brilliantscientistsof his age.我會把他列入他那個時期最杰出的十位科學家之列。+ obj in its in+adj The horse w

33、asplaced/second/thirdrace (= finished the race/second/thirdition).那匹馬在首場比賽中獲得第一二三名。concernUK kns:nUS -s:nnoun WORRY 擔心countableoruncountablewhen you something慮的事情feel worried or nervous about something, ort makes you feel worried擔心；憂慮；掛念；憂Concernforthe safety of the two missing teenagersisgrowing.兩名

34、少年的安危越來越令人擔憂。Theres a lot of public concernabout/overdangeroustoxins recently found in food.公眾對近來在食物中發(fā)現(xiàn)毒素一事非常不安。+t Myconcernistyoure not gettingenough work done.我擔心的是你將不能完成足夠的工作。外刊例句：IMPROVERESSENTIALThis strengthens the case for keng UKerest ratesonhold, over and above any concernsabout the seof th

35、e global economy. （）這讓維持英國利率穩(wěn)定變得更為迫切，比其他國際經(jīng)濟大事都重要。替換表達：something be given priority over學生錯誤表達：（1）prior to點評：prior to 含義是“在之前”，例如：All the arrangementsshould be completed prior to your departure.所有安排都應在你離開之前完成。Prior to 是指時間上的優(yōu)先級，不能用來指重要性上面的優(yōu)先級。（2）be worth moren點評：be worth moren 一般指“比更有價值”，例如：I paid 20

36、00 for thiscar. Youve been had, mate. Its notworth moren 1000.短語用在該語境中不合適。Q：請問 be subject to 與 be subjectedto 在作為的時候區(qū)別？A：正確的說法應該是 be subject to something，沒有 besubjected to something 的說法。be subject to sthto have or experience a particular thing, something unpleasant有；，承受espellyCars aresubject高的國內(nèi)稅。to

37、 a highdomestic tax.買汽車要繳很In recent years, she has beensubjectto attacks ofdepres.近年來，她一直飽受憂郁癥的折磨。Q：寫作的時候，單句用的多比較好，還是復句用的多比較好呢，比如在這里： criminal reports 和 the reporting of crime 哪個比較好？我個人更傾向于 criminalreports。A：一般可以采用單句和復句長短結合的方式，單句穿插在復句當中。Criminal reports 和 the reporting of crime 兩個都可以，在寫作時可以替換使用，避免用詞

38、單調(diào)。Q：If there was a spate of murders in one particularareaand the petrator remainedarge,這句話如果是虛擬語氣，was 為什么不是“were”呢？另外如果只是單純的過去時，也應該用 were 才對，因為后面的 murders 屬于復數(shù)形式呀，！A：句子使用了虛擬語氣，表示一種假設意味，在這里寫成 if therewere / was 都可以，但 if there were 會顯得更加老派正式，關于這一點可以參考之前提到的一個虛擬語氣用法：/RCCHqdR1- cannot do without somethi

39、ng詞典釋義：do without1.PHRASALVERB 短語動詞 沒有也行，沒有而設法對付過去If youdo withoutsomethingyou need, want, orusually have, you are able to survive, continue, orsucceedalthough you do noveit.【語法信息】：【語法信息】：V PWe cantdowithoutthe help of不能沒有youranisation.機構的幫助。Weve had a bit more money andt, and the baby doesntdo4.之所以

40、重要只是因為離不開它。在信息時代，保持消息靈通是很重要的，而新聞在這點上扮演著無可替代的角色。The news media is important simply because we cannot do without （1.離不開）it.he information age, being well informed （2.消息靈通的）is crul and the news media plays an indispensable（3.無可替代） rolehis.without.還有一點錢什么的，嬰兒沒有這些。外刊例句：Like other airline chiefs, Qatar Ai

41、rwayss, AkbarAlBaker, complains of GDSs slowness in updating theirsystems to cope willthese options, but he admitstthey cannotdo without the GDSs because they providesuch a big share oftheirreservations. （）卡塔爾航空和其他航空公司一樣，抱怨全球分銷系統(tǒng)（GDS）更新其用于處理這些優(yōu)先權的系統(tǒng)太緩慢了，不過他也承認他們無法不依靠該系統(tǒng)，因為他提供了大量訂單。替換表達：cannot go/man

42、age without something學生錯誤表達：（1）cannot livewithout點評：表達確，cannot livewithout something 是指“離開了某事物就無法生存”。2-well informed詞典釋義：well-informedUKwel.nf:mdhaving a lotUS-f:rmdadjectiveof knowledge or information aboutaparticular subject or things in general（對某一話題或總體情況）非常熟悉的；消息靈通的He waswell-informedand shrewd, with good,calmjudgment.他見多識廣，精明能干且有著出色、冷靜的判斷力。Howwell-informedis the customerabouttherange,quality and cost of the products on offer?的范圍、質(zhì)量和成本了解有多少呢？顧客對現(xiàn)有商品外刊例句：Being well-infor