林業(yè)詞匯中英文

1、林業(yè)詞匯中英文公司標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化編碼QQX96QT-XQQB89Q8-NQQJ6Q8-MQM9N林業(yè)詞匯2009-5同齡林forest consisting of even-aged stand (trans.)掠奪式經(jīng)營exploitation management； high grading間歇經(jīng)營、間歇經(jīng)營林；間歇作業(yè)intermittent production； forest under intermittent management林分經(jīng)營； 林分管理 stand management； management on a stand basis立木蓄積、立木度stocking (=d)更新作

2、業(yè)法；作業(yè)法silvicultural system稽核；照查control永續(xù)林；恒續(xù)林continuous cover forest永續(xù)林經(jīng)營；永續(xù)林施業(yè)；恒續(xù)林施業(yè) continuous cover forest management system單木作業(yè)； 單采作業(yè)； 單木施業(yè)forest management by individual trees掠奪式伐采exploitation劃伐、傘伐混合作業(yè)；群狀傘伐作業(yè)shelterwood group system； groupshelterwood system劃伐作業(yè)；群狀擇伐作業(yè)group selection system； gro

3、up selectionmanagementmanaged forest經(jīng)營林；施業(yè)林；生產(chǎn)林營林監(jiān)督forest inspection森林經(jīng)營計(jì)劃；森林經(jīng)營(學(xué))forest management () ； forest managementplanning(neol.)森林法forest act； forest ordinance； forest law營林監(jiān)督森林條例；森林法令林業(yè)政策；森林政策林業(yè)；林學(xué)林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)；林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)高山林；山岳林；山地林forest inspectionforest ordinanceforest policyforestryforest economicsmo

4、untain forest大面積傘伐作業(yè)；大面積傘狀天然下種法；廣狀傘伐更新法uniform shelterwood systemhigh forest小面積集團(tuán)森林經(jīng)營group management 喬林；用材林喬林作業(yè)high forest system木材需求；木材需要demand for wood木材供銷；木材獲得timber supply木材生產(chǎn)timber production； wood productiontimber assortment原木分級(jí)；材種；原木檢尺木材消費(fèi)wood consumption；timber consumption木材供給wood procureme

5、nt林產(chǎn)業(yè)；木材工業(yè)；木材加工業(yè) timber industry； wood processing industry禁止皆伐clear fell ban；prohibition of clear cutting皆伐作業(yè)（法）clearcutting system；crearfelling system地景經(jīng)營；地景施業(yè)；景觀施業(yè)landscape management地景保護(hù)；景觀保護(hù)landscape protection闊葉樹林broadleaved forest； hardwood forest多目標(biāo)（利用）林業(yè) multiple-use management； multi-use ma

6、nagement混交林；混合林；混生林mixed woodland； mixed forest中林；矮林；萌芽林coppice with standards中林作業(yè)；矮林保殘作業(yè)法 coppice with standards system； composite forestsystem； storied coppice system （UK）針葉樹林近天然經(jīng)營林分；近自然經(jīng)營之林分managed forest天然林；自然林；自生林矮林；萌芽林矮林擇伐作業(yè)；擇伐矮林作業(yè)矮林作業(yè)；簡單（單純）矮林作業(yè)正規(guī)林業(yè)；正規(guī)森林經(jīng)營；合法的林業(yè)人工林經(jīng)營擇伐作業(yè)擇伐林環(huán)狀劃伐；帶狀劃伐；帶進(jìn)孔狀傘伐帶狀劃

7、伐；帶進(jìn)群狀傘伐作業(yè)帶狀伐采作業(yè)coniferous forestnear to nature forest； naturallynatural forest； indigenous forestcoppice forest；sprout forest；low forestcoppice selection systemsimple coppice systemregulated forest managementplantation managementselection system；single tree selection systemselection forest； plenter

8、-woodstrip-and-group felling ()strip-and-group felling systemstrip cutting system；strip felling system速生林作業(yè)free growth management傘伐作業(yè)法shelterwood method； shelterwood system異齡混交法；混合林；混交林 highly structured forests保殘木作業(yè)；二段喬林作業(yè)；保殘喬林作業(yè)high forest with reserves(system)； high forest with standards (system)

9、原始林；原生林virgin forest蓄積保育management of the growing stock森林forest育林（學(xué)）；造林；造林學(xué)silviculture森林利用（學(xué)）forest utilization； forest utilisation森林生態(tài)系forest ecosystem牧野經(jīng)營；牧野管理；草原管理 pasture management ； range management再造林義務(wù)replant duty； legal obligation to replant作業(yè)級(jí)；事業(yè)區(qū)working circle森林調(diào)查專家（員）；森林調(diào)查專業(yè)人員forest inv

10、entory specialist森林經(jīng)營計(jì)劃之歸納及演繹計(jì)劃法；森林經(jīng)營（經(jīng)理）之歸納及演繹法indicative and deductive forest management methods森林生長控制control of forest growth (trans.)績效檢驗(yàn)performance test永續(xù)林業(yè)；永續(xù)森林經(jīng)營永續(xù)性；保續(xù)；永續(xù)永續(xù)作業(yè)；永續(xù)經(jīng)營永續(xù)準(zhǔn)則；永續(xù)基準(zhǔn)永續(xù)經(jīng)營調(diào)整；永續(xù)經(jīng)營規(guī)整（調(diào)整）禁伐；禁伐令；禁止開發(fā)再生產(chǎn)超伐；過伐伐采齡樹齡，林齡齡階；齡級(jí)區(qū)分齡級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)；齡級(jí)分布；齡級(jí)構(gòu)成林木界限；樹限；喬木界限林業(yè)經(jīng)營單元（單位）sustainable forest

11、 managementsustainablilitysustained-yield managementsustainability criteriasustained yield regulationpreservation order； exploitation banreproductionovercutting； overfellingfelling ageageage gradationage calss distributiontimber line；tree linemanagement unit林緣；林分邊界stand edge；edge of a standstand sta

12、bility林分安全性（穩(wěn)定性）經(jīng)營安全性；低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之森林經(jīng)營；森林經(jīng)營之風(fēng)險(xiǎn)回避（低危險(xiǎn)）low-risk forest management財(cái)政輪伐期；理財(cái)?shù)妮喎テ趂inancial rotation面積加權(quán)平均林齡；森林之加權(quán)平均林齡weighed average age of aforest（trans.）伐采方向；伐木倒向felling direction伐采周期；回歸期；循環(huán)期felling cycle； cutting cycle次序；優(yōu)先級(jí)；順序order天然林演替相；天然林演替階段；天然林之發(fā)育過程（階段）development phases of（natural） fores

13、ts森林經(jīng)營計(jì)劃期；計(jì)劃期間；作業(yè)計(jì)劃期planning period； forestmanagement period；working plan period擇伐作業(yè)體系；擇伐作業(yè)forest selection system生產(chǎn)期；生產(chǎn)時(shí)間；生產(chǎn)性作業(yè)時(shí)間production time； productive timespatial order林緣保護(hù)；林分邊緣保護(hù)edge protection 空間次序；收獲地域（地點(diǎn)）順序林緣（緣條）；境界edge； border伐采順序（序列）cutting sequence； felling sequence伐米順序規(guī)劃；伐米序列cutting o

14、rder； felling order伐采管理harvest management伐采序列felling series經(jīng)營計(jì)劃起始日； 經(jīng)營計(jì)劃之開始日 starting date of a management plan （trans.）生態(tài)穩(wěn)定性ecological stability工藝輪伐期technical rotation林衣；林套forest mantle收獲周期；回歸年（期）harvesting cycle；cutting cycle輪伐期rotation；rotation length最大材積收獲輪伐期；材積收獲最多之輪伐期rotation of maximum volume

15、 production最大收益輪伐期；金錢總收益最高之輪伐期rotation of maximum cash flow；maximum cash flow rotation最大土地凈收益輪伐期；土地純收益最高之輪伐期rotation of maximum soil rent最大森林凈收益輪伐期；森林純收益最高之輪伐期rotation of maximum income；rotation of the highest net income伐期齡；輪伐期rotation age更新級(jí)regeneration class更新期regeneration interval； regeneration p

16、eriod預(yù)測forecast； prognosis； prediction森林覆蓋率；森林占有率；森林率percent forest cover森林結(jié)構(gòu)；森林構(gòu)造forest structure； forest composition森林界限；樹木界限forest boundary； forest limit抗風(fēng)力；暴風(fēng)抗力；耐風(fēng)力；風(fēng)阻力windthrow resistance； wind resistance； windfirmness森林經(jīng)營單元；森林經(jīng)營單位forest management unit經(jīng)濟(jì)伐期economic maturity收獲時(shí)序；收獲次序temporal ord

17、er時(shí)間序列time series時(shí)間序列分析；時(shí)序分析time series analysis收獲表yield table理想立木度；法正蓄積；理想蓄積normal stocking理想蓄積growing stock； ideal standing volume地方收獲表local yield table材積收獲volumetric yield法正齡級(jí)分布normal (ideal) age classdistribution法正蓄積normal growing stocknormal forest法正林；理想林；正規(guī)林法正林模式；理想林模式normal forest model； idea

18、l forest model現(xiàn)實(shí)林actual forest (trans.)材種別收獲表；利用材積收獲表assortment yield table材種別收獲表assortment table法正計(jì)算上之裸地；理論上之無立木地；理論上之未立木地theoreticalclearfell area林況forest condition目標(biāo)蓄積target growing stock目標(biāo)林target forest (trans.)生長表increment tableintermediate yield間伐(疏伐)收獲；中間收獲所有權(quán)型；財(cái)產(chǎn)歸屬types of ownership土地利用型；土地利

19、用分類land-use classification地塊；林分；土地區(qū)分parcel； land parcel森林使用權(quán)forest right； right of forest use；(forest privilege)森林企業(yè)；林業(yè)企業(yè)；森林事業(yè)體forest enterprise森林所有權(quán)；森林地產(chǎn)forest estate森林所有權(quán)分割； 森林所有之分割 forest fragmentation； fragmentation of forest holdings非生產(chǎn)林；保護(hù)林non-productive forest (trans.)保安林protected forest (=d)

20、游憩地；森林游憩林；森林游樂林recreational forest小面積林叢；灌叢；萌生(芽)林；矮林copse教學(xué)林；展示林；實(shí)驗(yàn)林；試驗(yàn)林 demonstration forest； instruction forest； training forest；university forest未經(jīng)營林；未施業(yè)林unmanaged forest森林公園forest park； park forest森林保護(hù)法案；保安林之劃定forest protection act森林功能；森林機(jī)能；森林利用 forest use；forest land use；forset function森林功能分類；森

21、林機(jī)能分類forest land use class森林帶；樹林帶forest belt； woodland belt森林步道forest nature trail； forest walk限制林；限制使用林limited use forest (trans.)保存林；預(yù)備林forest reserve； reserved forest防風(fēng)林帶；保護(hù)林帶shelterbelt； windbreak經(jīng)濟(jì)林；生產(chǎn)林commercial forest；production forest森林公益功能；森林公益機(jī)能；森林社會(huì)效益（利益）social benefits of forests林班compar

22、tment；forest compartment林班界compartment boundary林分stand小班界；林分界sub-compartment boundary； stand boundary防火帶；防火線fire break；fire line鑒界； 境界補(bǔ)正； 境界糾正 boundary correction； rectification of boundaries林地forest land非生產(chǎn)地；非林地；除地non-productive forest land林區(qū)管理處forest district苗圃nursery；tree nursery；forest nursery林區(qū)

23、；森林區(qū)forest range； range保護(hù)帶；保護(hù)林(樹)帶；緩沖帶 protection belt； protection strip； buffer strip調(diào)查單位；抽查單位survey unit；inventory unit小班sub-compartment準(zhǔn)小班；造林地號(hào)；小班stand絕對(duì)的森林土壤；限適森林的土壤soil only suitable for forest (trans.)森林劣化、土壤劣化forest degradation土壤的；土壤因素的edaphic收獲水平；生產(chǎn)水平y(tǒng)ield level方位；a坡向；斜面方向aspect；direction of

24、 slope霜孔；易受霜害地frost hollow傾斜角；坡度（降）；梯度gradient自然度naturalness潛在自然森林社會(huì)/植群；潛在自然植生potential natural forest community地貌；起伏度relief立地調(diào)查；生育地調(diào)查；地況調(diào)查；土地測繪site survey； site mapping； siteapparaisal；site apparaisement立地描述，生育地描述；土地描述；地況記載site description； destription of site地位指數(shù)；土地指數(shù)；地位指標(biāo)site index立地因子，生育地因子site

25、factor立地型；生育地型；地位型site type森林生物生態(tài)空間調(diào)查；森林小區(qū)測繪forest biotope mapping森林土壤forest soil森林區(qū)；森林地帶forest region森林社會(huì)；森林生態(tài)體系forest community；forest association森林荒蕪；森林破壞生長區(qū)；生長區(qū)域生長區(qū)域；生長范圍；森林帶良木尖削度；尖梢；梢殺林齡查定；林齡調(diào)查枝條材；枝材枝條性無節(jié)尖削系數(shù)；尖削度；尖削指數(shù)樹木；喬木樹種樹高樹木形數(shù)樹木材積forest destructiongrowth regiongrowth zonecull； reject； cull

26、woodhigh taperage determinationbranchwoodbranchinessknot-freetaper coefficienttreepecies； tree speciestree heighttree form factortotal tree volume樹型級(jí)tree class測樹mensuration林木材積式； 干材積式 tree volume equation； volume equation； tariff number胸高breast height .)可利用材；成材；可利及費(fèi)材（材積）merchantable timber volume可利用

27、材積形數(shù)；材積形數(shù)timber form factor肥大生長；直徑生長diamemter growth尖削；直徑遞減taper直徑級(jí)；直徑階diameter calss直徑生長（量）；肥大生長diameter increment；diameter growth定期平均生長量periodic average increment材積表(uniform) tariff晉級(jí)生長ingrowth精英樹；菁英樹；特優(yōu)樹 elite tree；champion tree剝皮去皮材積；收獲實(shí)材積peeling； bark removal； debarking； barkingcubic meter unde

28、r bark (m3u. b.)收獲損失harvest loss； harvest waste連皮材積(fm)；含皮材積；實(shí)積立方公尺cubic meter over bark (.)形狀高； 樹形高 form height； volume/basal area ratio； tree form height形狀高生長；樹形高生長form height increment形率；形商；直徑率form quotient形數(shù)；形狀系數(shù)form factor (f)胸高斷面積basal area (b. a.)胸高斷面積表；斷面積表；圓面積表table of basal areas； basal-ar

29、ea table； table of sectional areas樹干解析stem analysis樹高生長height growth年輪解析analysis of annual rings； tree ring analysis年輪；生長輪growth ring； annual ring輪尺callipers； caliper直徑測定diamter measurement最小測量徑級(jí)；測徑界限；直徑界限minimum dbh (by inventory)樹冠crown樹冠（林冠）結(jié)構(gòu)；樹冠構(gòu)造樹冠直徑；冠徑樹冠級(jí)材積輪尺闊葉樹期間生長量；當(dāng)年生長量連年生長量原木檢尺；伐木檢尺（測定）常設(shè)標(biāo)

30、志；測標(biāo)測定位置中央直徑中央周圍；中央圓周母樹針葉樹crown structruecrown widthcrown classvolumetric callipersbroadleaved tree； hardwood treecurrent incrementcurrent annual incrementmeasurement of felled timbermeasurement markmeasurement locationmid-diametermid-girthmother treeconifer； softwood tree定期生長量periodic increment精英樹；

31、優(yōu)型樹；選留樹 plus tree； selected tree暴長木；暴露木wolf tree層積立方公尺cubic meter stacked自記輪尺；電子輪尺recording cal(l)iper(s)皮材率；樹皮率bark deduction； bark allowance； bark factor樹皮厚度計(jì)；樹皮計(jì)；樹皮測定器bark gauge原木log樹干；干材；主干stem；trunk；bole樹干形質(zhì)stem quality樹干級(jí)；樹型級(jí)stem quality class樹干形數(shù)stem form factor形狀比height-dbh ratio區(qū)分求積volune m

32、easurement by sections原木分等；材種分等log grading；grading of logs；grading of stems樹干；主干stem樹干長stem length；timber length萌芽；萌條；萌案coppice shoot； stool shoot； sucker； sprout簡化材積表保留木；保存木；保殘木胸高圓周長；胸高周圍長連皮圓周長；連皮周圍長去皮圓周長；無皮周圍長周圍生長量；圓周生長量可利用最小直徑；最小利用直徑活力；生長力每木調(diào)查材積材積收獲材積表tariffreserving of standardsgirth breast heig

33、ht (gbh)girth over barkgirth under barkgirth incrementdiameter limitvitalitycomplete enumerationtimber volumevolume yield； volume productionvolume table；log rule材積生長(量)volume increment生長參數(shù)； 測定要素growth parameters； increment parameters生長率；成長率；生長速率growth percent； increment percent價(jià)值成長value increment樹梢；

34、梢生長活力；生長潛力生長形；生長型；生育型末端直徑；末口直徑；末徑主林木；主伐木；收獲樹容許誤差增長量；生長（量）；增量生長錐增長系數(shù)；生長率；生長系數(shù)受壓木；中庸木株距；株距值平均年生長量；齡級(jí)平均增長量topvigourgrowth formtop (end) diameter； small end diameterfinal crop tree；future tree；crop treeallowanceincrementincrement borerincrement coefficientintermediate treetree spacingmean annual increme

35、nt樹高生長曲線 height curve； height development curve； height age curve人工新造林地；次生幼齡林establishment算術(shù)平均樹高arithmetic mean height人工幼齡林；人造幼齡林pre-thicket母樹林；選留木林分；特優(yōu)母樹林elite stand； selected stand； selected crop樹種混淆；混淆species mixture； mixture桿材木；老齡林pole size timber樹層；喬木層tree layer立木株數(shù)；株數(shù)；立木數(shù)number of stems建造期；成林期

36、間establishment period樹冠被覆；林冠披覆cover； crown cover； canopy cover林分密度stand density林分發(fā)育；林分生育期（階段）stand development； development of a stand林分形數(shù)stand form factor林分胸高斷面積；林分胸高斷面積合計(jì)stand basal area林內(nèi)孔隙；林隙；林分未遮蔽率clearing林分剖面；林分?jǐn)嗝鎴Dstand profile；cross-section of a stand算術(shù)平均直徑arithmetic mean diameterstand蓄積結(jié)構(gòu)；蓄積

37、構(gòu)造growing stock structure立木度；林分密度指數(shù)stand density index地位級(jí)；立地位級(jí)site class可利用材積生長量；利用材積生長量merchantable timber increment斷面積中央木直徑；中央斷面積直徑median dbhthicket郁閉期；叢林；壯齡林?jǐn)嗝娣e平均木直徑quadratic mean diameter；diameter of mean basal area tree平均總生長量；總平均生長量mean gross increment標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樹高曲線standard height curve單層林single-storie

38、d stand冰霜害ice damage主伐林分；主伐木；主伐收獲final crop40%百分位胸徑；40%規(guī)則的平均胸徑mean dbh according to the 40% rule直徑分布diameter distributionfiller暫植木；補(bǔ)植木總收獲材積total volume； total yield郁閉林分；最大蓄積林分fully stocked stand同齡林；同齡林分even-aged stand均質(zhì)林分；一齊林；均勻林分；同形林；同質(zhì)林uniform stand樹群； 群group； group of trees伐期平均生長量final mean annua

39、l increment；average yield class主要樹種main tree species主林分；主林木；主伐木 main crop；principal crop；main stand；principal stand優(yōu)勢木dominant crop次要樹種；副樹種；補(bǔ)助的混交樹種；經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值少的樹種nurse species； auxiliaryspecies；accessory species斷面積平均木樹高h(yuǎn)eight of mean basal area tree； mean height斷面積中央木樹高median height40%百分位樹高；40%規(guī)則的樹高h(yuǎn)eight

40、 according to the 40% rule林分水平結(jié)構(gòu)；林分水平構(gòu)造horizontal stand structure團(tuán)；灌木；樹叢未成熟材；未熟材幼齡生長；幼齡林；叢狀林每木調(diào)查表；調(diào)查表；檢尺簿；野帳;胸高斷面積平均木；斷面積平均木冠層；林冠；樹冠樹冠競爭；樹冠競合樹冠層；林冠層樹冠郁閉度；林冠密度灌叢；樹形不良林分；矮林；灌木林連年總平均年生長量；連年生長量復(fù)層林混合（交）樹種林分平均胸高直徑；林木平均直徑see groupjuvenile woodthicket明細(xì)表 tally sheet； measurement listmean basal area treecano

41、pycrown competitioncrown layercrown closure；crown coverscrub (stand)total mean incrementmulti-storied standassociated speciesmean diameter；average diameter林分平均樹高average height；stand height平均樹高Lorey s mean heightmean tree中央木；平均木天然修枝；天然落枝；自行修枝 natural pruning； self pruning次要樹種；副樹種；從屬種secondary species

42、； subordinates pecies附屬林分secondary crop上層樹高；上木高度top height；height of dominant trees強(qiáng)勢木生產(chǎn)力；生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)；地位指數(shù)productivity index上層overstor(e)y； uppermost layer； upper stor(e)y上層木overwood； upper crop先驅(qū)樹種pioneer species；pioneer形質(zhì)生長（量）quality increment； increase in quality成熟林mature stand純林pure stand；pure crop采運(yùn)損

43、傷；出材損傷extraction damage采種林；母樹林seed stand；parent stand損害；疵傷；損傷defect；damage樹（林）冠疏密度canopy density雪害snow damage株距；干距tree spacing； spacing（between trees） ； espacement立木位置圖；直徑分布；胸徑分布；樹十分布；林木分布dbh distribution立地穩(wěn)定性；立地強(qiáng)度中齡林；桿材；小徑木（林）風(fēng)害枯死木小群過熟林分；老齡過熟林分（木）異齡林不規(guī)則林；不整齊林下層林；下層植生；下木留存木；主林木試驗(yàn)地；試驗(yàn)區(qū)；試區(qū)stability of

44、 standpole stage； pole cropwind damage；storm damagedead treessee groupovermature standuneven-aged standirregular standunderstor(e)y；underwood；undergrowthmain crop after thinning；residual standexperimental site； experimental area林分垂直結(jié)構(gòu)；林分垂直構(gòu)造 vertical stand structure主要樹種main species； principal specie

45、sgrowing stock立木蓄積；林木蓄積生長函數(shù)growth function指標(biāo)林分index stand； indicator stand； control stand獸害；鹿傷害；動(dòng)物危害tree damage caused by forest fauna (trans.)林分成長齡級(jí)；林分成長級(jí)數(shù)；自然的齡級(jí)stand development classgrowing sapce生長空間；生育空間中央木平均生長；增長量中央木；平均生長木mean growth tree生長率；增長百分比；成長率increment percent；growth percent二層林；二段林two-s

46、toried取樣率sampling intensity；sampling fraction；sampling rate必要樣本數(shù)；最少樣本數(shù) required sample size調(diào)查；定期抽樣調(diào)查inventory遙測；遙感探測remote sensing定期調(diào)查；追蹤調(diào)查periodic inventory集團(tuán)取樣法cluster sampling分層取樣；分層取出之樣本stratified sample概估；粗略估計(jì)斷面積調(diào)整；斷面積規(guī)整測高器測樹學(xué)森林調(diào)查；森林清查森林調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)森林調(diào)查方法；森林清查方法水平樣線法（直線樣品）列表樣品；3P樣品；列表取樣航空照片判釋空中攝影測量aeri

47、al photoinventory； aerial surveyrough estimate； raw estimatebasal area regulationheight metermensuration；dendrometryinventory；forest inventory；forest surveyinventory designinventory methodline-plot survey； line-plot； strip surveylist samplingaerial photo interpretation（graphic） survey； aerial photo

48、（graphic）空中三角測量aerial photo triangulation材積調(diào)查；蓄積推定volume determination；（standing）timberdetermination； growing stock determination數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的樣本分析statistical analysis of inventory dataorthophoto (graph)目視估計(jì)立木材積 volume estimation by sight； ocular volume estimation正射投影圖（照片）；正射圖定期調(diào)查；多相取樣法multiphase sampling永久

49、樣區(qū)；連續(xù)森林調(diào)查法continuous forest inventory with permanent samples樣區(qū)；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)地sample plot樣區(qū)調(diào)查法inventory by sample plots機(jī)率比例取樣法 proportional sampling； probability proportional to size (pps)林分?jǐn)嗝娣e調(diào)查儀；林分面積調(diào)查儀 (relascope) relascope； relascop測高法；形數(shù)測高法Presslers method of height determination林分株數(shù)調(diào)查enumeration；tally樣本sa

50、mple圓形樣區(qū)法sampling using a range of fixed radius plots固定面積樣區(qū)法；樣本地法fixed area samplingsampling變動(dòng)面積樣 區(qū)法；變動(dòng)樣區(qū)法；可變半徑樣區(qū)法sampling using variable radius plots取樣；抽樣取樣單元；抽樣單位；取樣單位sampling unit取樣誤差；樣本誤差sampling error取樣法；取樣調(diào)查法sampling methods取樣數(shù)sample number； sample size； size of a sample樣本分布sampling unit distr

51、ibution分層；層次stratification層；層聚stratum / strata系統(tǒng)取樣；系統(tǒng)抽樣法systematic sampling系統(tǒng)誤差systematic error林分特性估測standestimation；estimation of stand characteristics估測法appraisal method連續(xù)森林調(diào)查的臨時(shí)樣本;連續(xù)的森林調(diào)查；變換樣本的暫時(shí)樣本continuous forestinventory with changingsamples (trans.)材積計(jì)算volume calculation； volume measurement先驅(qū)

52、調(diào)查；預(yù)備調(diào)查pilot survey；pilot inventory蓄積調(diào)查inventory of growing stock永久樣區(qū)森林調(diào)查；連續(xù)森林調(diào)查 continuous forest inventory生長量研究（試驗(yàn)）；生長量調(diào)查increment study經(jīng)營記帳單位；經(jīng)營計(jì)劃單位；記帳單位management planning unit伐采量；伐采收獲felling volume； felling yield生產(chǎn)材明細(xì)表；生產(chǎn)材目錄；堆積材明細(xì)表product summary (trans.)年伐量執(zhí)行稽核；實(shí)行照查（稽核）control of prescriptions

53、森林績效檢定；稽核簿；經(jīng)營簿（監(jiān)控）controlof forest development (trans.)經(jīng)營簿；作業(yè)稽核；稽核簿controlof operation； work tracking木材生產(chǎn)稽核；照查；稽核control of forest production (trans.)經(jīng)營計(jì)劃檢訂；施業(yè)計(jì)劃檢訂management plan revision；working plan revision檢尺timber scaling； scaling of felled timber經(jīng)營計(jì)劃的執(zhí)行plan of operations森林稽查；森林踏查forest inspecto

54、rate經(jīng)營計(jì)劃期中檢訂；施業(yè)計(jì)劃期中檢定management plan revision經(jīng)營計(jì)劃；森林經(jīng)理計(jì)劃operational (forest) planningannual cut；annual yield經(jīng)營目標(biāo)；施業(yè)目的；經(jīng)營目的management objective經(jīng)營目標(biāo)類型；施業(yè)（經(jīng)營）目的type of management objective經(jīng)營計(jì)劃手冊；經(jīng)營規(guī)定（指令）；計(jì)劃手冊management prescriptions；management instructions； management regulationstheory of soil rent土地純益

55、論；土地純收益說林分經(jīng)營計(jì)劃；森林經(jīng)營細(xì)部計(jì)劃；林分經(jīng)營計(jì)劃stand management planning總收獲量total yield坑木minig timber； pit wood主分類、木材主要等級(jí)main assortment；main category副產(chǎn)物 accessory product； by-product； minor product； minor produce操作性的operational撫育目標(biāo)；保育目的tending objective森林經(jīng)營中期計(jì)劃forest management planning生產(chǎn)目標(biāo)（目的）production target原木；圓

56、木round timber；round wood制材原木（圓木）；用材sawlogsawlog stage大徑木；制材用材作業(yè)類轉(zhuǎn)換；林相改良；作業(yè)種轉(zhuǎn)換（變更）conversion林相變更；作業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換（變更）transformation更新目標(biāo)（目的）regeneration target生長加速；生長（率）增加growth acceleration； increase in growth育林目標(biāo)silvicultural objective； silvicultural goal森林純利論；森林純利理論（說）theory of forest rent(al)林經(jīng)營，森林管理managemen

57、t森林經(jīng)營目標(biāo)(目的) forest management objective；management objective目標(biāo)直徑（理想直徑）target diameter目標(biāo)函數(shù)objective function生長加速；生長量增加increase in growth rate林型stand type； crop type土壤改良soil improvement生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃production planning；planning of production造林；植林afforestation；forestation補(bǔ)植filling in； beating up； reinforcement p

58、lanting； filling of blanks樹種更替；樹種變換（更）change of species； transformation林分建造； 造林、育林 establishment (of a stand) ； stand establishment； cropestablishment裸露地；未立木地；無立地木；空林地clearing； unstocked area土壤翻松；攪土；翻松；松土scarification補(bǔ)植林（在過去未植林地）；補(bǔ)充造林；替代造林compensatory planting造林失敗地；無立木地blank；failure森林植物；森林苗木forest p

59、lants；planting stock群狀栽植；群狀造林；塊植group planting；block planting產(chǎn)地證明（書）；產(chǎn)地認(rèn)證certificate of origin人工更新artificial regeneration造林計(jì)劃；栽植計(jì)劃 planting plan； afforestation plan； establishment plan果實(shí)mast補(bǔ)植replacement planting種苗認(rèn)證；種子認(rèn)證；植物認(rèn)證；種子保證單certification of plants；certification of seed；certification of plant

60、ing造林；栽植plantation栽植距離；栽植間隔；植樹間隔 planting sapce； planting distance； spacing ofplants； espacement擇伐更新regeneration in the selection system純林；單一栽培monoculture伐區(qū)；作業(yè)現(xiàn)場 cutting area；felling area；logging area；logging site整地；生育地整治 site preparation； clearing of the felling area； site clearing休閑期reforestation