中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)：詞類(lèi)

1、中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)：詞類(lèi)名詞Noun(n.)：表示人或事物的名稱(chēng)。如：boy/pencil/book冠詞Article(art)：用在名稱(chēng)前幫助說(shuō)明名詞所指的人或事物。如：a(an)/the代詞Pronoun(pron)：用來(lái)代替名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞。如：we/that/his/what形容詞Adjective(adj.)：用以修飾名詞、表示人或事物特征。如：old/red/fine數(shù)詞Numeral(num)：表示數(shù)量或順序。如：one/thirteen/first動(dòng)詞Verb(v)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：look/go/be(am/is/are)副詞Adverb(adv.)：用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容

2、詞或其他副詞。女口：not/too/here/often介詞Preposition(prep)：表示名詞、代詞等和句中其他詞的關(guān)系。如：in/on/of/to/under連詞Conjunction(conj)：用來(lái)連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)或句與句。如：and/or/but感嘆詞Interjection(interj.):表示說(shuō)話時(shí)的喜悅、驚訝等情感。如：oh/hello/hi一名詞Noun(n.)名詞表示人或事物的名稱(chēng).一名詞的分類(lèi)專(zhuān)有名詞：John/China普通名詞：可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞：book/table/horse集體名詞：family/class/police不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞water

3、/rice/snow抽象名詞：health/knowledge/love專(zhuān)有名詞：表示具體的人、物、地點(diǎn)、節(jié)日等，通常由一個(gè)名詞或一個(gè)詞組構(gòu)成:Jenny/HongKong/ChristmasDay首字母要大寫(xiě)，但專(zhuān)有名詞中的虛詞(冠詞、介詞）的第一個(gè)字母不用大寫(xiě):theGreatWall二可數(shù)名詞（可以用數(shù)來(lái)計(jì)量）的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化一般直接口-s.如：boyfboyscupfcups以-s,-x,-ch,-sh，結(jié)尾加-es,女口：watchfwatchesboxfboxes以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾變y為i再加-es.如：storyfstoriesbabyfbabies以f,fe結(jié)尾變f,fe為v

4、es.如：knifefkniveswifefwivesthieffthievesleaffleavesscarffscarveslifefliveshalffhalves*rooffroofs以o結(jié)尾力加-s女口：radiofradiosphotofphotospianofpianoszoofzoos力口-es女口：herofheroespotatofpotatoestomatoftomatoes英雄喜歡吃土豆和西紅柿。不規(guī)則變化單復(fù)數(shù)同形：sheepfsheepfishffishChinesefChineseJapanesefJapanesedeerfdeeryuanfyuandollarf

5、dollars只有復(fù)數(shù)形式：clothesglasseschopsticksgoodstrouserspantsshorts特殊變化：childfchildrenfootffeettoothfteethmousefmicemanfmenwomanfwomentoothbrushftoothbrushes復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：a.當(dāng)有man和woman時(shí)，前后兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù)形式amandoctorftwomendoctorsawomanteacherfthreewomenteachersb.其他只變最后一個(gè)名詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式anappletreeflotsofappletreesbeefandtom

6、atonoodles三不可數(shù)名詞（不可以用數(shù)來(lái)計(jì)量）的計(jì)量可數(shù)名詞表示具體的數(shù)量，可以直接用數(shù)詞來(lái)修飾：twoapplestenpersons不可數(shù)名詞必須與表示數(shù)量的名詞連用，構(gòu)成：數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞apieceofbreadtwocupsofcoffeethreeglassesofmilkfourboxesofchalkfivebagsofricesixdropsofwatersevenpiecesofnewseightpairsofglasses四名詞所有格:表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，連接兩個(gè)名詞兩種形式：s所有格fBeijingisChinascapital.of所有格fBei

7、jingisthecapitalofChina.1有生命名詞所有格：一般加-s.TomsdeskChildrensDay以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加teachersofficestudentsbooks探如果一樣?xùn)|西為兩人共同所有，則在最后一個(gè)名詞上加-s（共有）ThisisMaryandLilysroom./HeisTomandTimsfather.如果表示各自所有，則兩個(gè)名詞詞尾分別加-s（分別有）TheseareMarysandLilysrooms./TheseareTomsandTimsbooks.無(wú)生命名詞所有格：名詞+of+名詞themapofChina/thedooroftheroom

8、探雙重所有格of+名詞所有格：Heisfriendofmybrothers.of+名詞性物主代詞：Thisisabookofmine.五可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞修飾可數(shù)名詞：many/afew/few(Therearemanytrees.)修飾不可數(shù)名詞：much/alittle/little(Wehavemuchhomeworktodo.)共有的：some/any/alotof/lotsof/plentyof提問(wèn)：可數(shù)名詞Howmanybananasdoyouneed?不可數(shù)名詞Howmuchyogurtdoyouneed?探不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能用a,an修飾，也不能用many,

9、few,several等修飾。不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如：Thehoneyisverysweet.探有些名詞需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式作定語(yǔ)。aclothesshopsportsmeetingglassesstore名詞的句法功能作主語(yǔ)：Mathismyfavoritesubject.作賓語(yǔ)：Iboughtacomputerlastyear.作表語(yǔ)：Heisacleverstudent.作賓補(bǔ)：WecallhimUncleWang.作定語(yǔ)：Thereresomeappletreesoverthere.作狀語(yǔ)：Igotoschooleveryday.作呼語(yǔ)：Hello,boysandgirls.練習(xí)一

10、.用所給詞的正確形式填空。Wewanttogotothe(greatwall).Howmany(chicken)arethereunderthetree?Helikes(chicken)verymuch,Itsverynice.Therearetwo(mouse)inthecage.Thedoctorsavedtheir(life).Thechildhastwo(tooth).Ihavesomegood(news)foryou.Thereisagroupof(fish)inthewater.Theseare(German).Shehasmany(girlfriend).Wewanttohave

11、some(manteacher)inourschool.Pleasegivemesome(advice).Ihavealotof(money).Wewanttwo(cup)of(tea).Theseare(children)clothes.Thisroomis(mybrotherandI).Thesebooksare(Kateandhersister).IhaveacoldIhavetogotothe(doctor).IsthisTomscoator(Bob)?Therewillbea(sport)meetingnextweek.Thereissome(meat)onthetable.Toda

12、yis(woman)Day.Therearemany(visit)tocometomyhometowneveryyear.Wewanttodosome(shop)onSunday.Walkingisgoodforour(healthy).Heisafamous(music).Theboyisin(dangerous).Youcanseemany(leaf)onthegroundinautumn.Whoisthe(win)ofthegame.Thereare(hundred)ofpeoplethere.二.單項(xiàng)選擇l.Sheepwhiteandmilkalsowhite.is;areB.are;

13、sC.are;areHowwonderful!Theismadeof.A.house;glassB.house;glassesC.houses;glassaremadeof.A.Glass;glassesB.Glasses;glassesC.Glasses;glassroomisnexttotheirparents.KateandJoanB.KatesandJoansC.KateandJoansTherearefewinthefridge,Letsgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.meatC.fruitYangpuBridgei

14、soneofintheworld.A.thebiggestbridgeB.thebiggestbridgesC.biggerbridgesLook!Therearesomeonthefloor.A.waterB.childC.boxesImhungry,Pleasegiveme.A.LilyandLucyB.LilyandLucysC.LilysandLucysA.LilyandLucyB.LilyandLucysC.LilysandLucysA.apieceofbreadB.twopiecesofbreadsC.somebreadsA.brothersB.brotherC.brothersA

15、.brothersB.brotherC.brothers19.ThefootballunderthebedisJackboughtainashoeshopyesterday.A.pairofshoesB.pairsofshoesC.pairofshoeImeetsomeintheparkandtalkedwiththemtheotherday.A.JapanesesB.AmericansC.ChinesesIhavethreepenpal,Oneis,theothertwoare.A.Japanese;AmericaBothTomandJimareA.menteachersHespentB.C

16、anada;AmericaC.English;FrenchmenA.oneandtwodaysA.WhitePleasepassme_A.twopieceofpaperB.menteacherdoingthewholething.B.oneortwodaysC.manteachersC.onedayandtwoliveat78FenghuangStreet.B.TheWhitesC.TheWhiteB.twopiecesofpaperC.twopiecesofpapersInautumnturnyellow.A.leafandgrassB.leavesandgrassesC.leavesand

17、grassSomecametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyYoungpeopleshouldmakeforoldpeopleonthebus.A.roomB.roomsC.theroomTOC o 1-5 h zYourshoesarewornout,YoUdbetterbuyanew.A.newB.pairC.shoesImnotfeelingwellnow,Ivehad.A.coldB.aheadacheC.theheadacheYoudbetterdomorningeveryday,Itsgoodtohavelo

18、tsof.A.exercise;exerciseB.exercises;exerciseC.exercises;exercisesMorethanlivedtheretwoago.hundredofpeople;hundredsyearshundredsofpeople;hundredyearshundredsofpeople;hundredsyearsTomshandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.A.studentsB.studentsC.studentsTOC o 1-5 h zThehospitalisabitfarfromhere,Itsa

19、bout.A.fortyminuteswalkB.fortyminuteswalkC.fortyminuteswalkHowmucharethe?A.meatB.appleC.applesJimwenttoatobuyapairofshoes.A.shoesstoresB.shoesstoreC.shoestoreThisisnotmybook,butmy.有一張嘴、一個(gè)鼻子和兩只眼睛。有一張嘴、一個(gè)鼻子和兩只眼睛。Weneedtwoteaspoonof.A.honeysB.yogurtC.milks3O.Itsaboutwalkfrommyhousetoschool.A.tenminutes

20、tenminutestenminutesTheoldmanislonely,Hemadeabysellingnewspapers.A.livingB.lifeC.liveCanyougivemeonhowtolearnEnglishwell?A.agoodadviceTake!ThecarnA.carefulSeptember10thisA.TeachersDayIdliketodrinkA.beersB.someadvicerlyhityou.B.care_inChina.B.TeachersDayB.somewine二冠詞Article(art.)C.anyadvicesC.careful

21、lyC.TeachersDayC.sugar冠詞是一種虛詞，放于名詞前，幫助說(shuō)明名詞的含義。冠詞不能單獨(dú)使用,在句中不重讀。冠詞分不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the兩種。一不定冠詞及用法a/an是不定冠詞，a用在以輔音開(kāi)頭的單詞前:aboyaroadan用在以元音開(kāi)頭的單詞前：anhouranoldman泛指某一類(lèi)的人或物。如：Apandaisverylovely.熊貓很可愛(ài)。第一次提到某人或某物時(shí)。如：Ihaveabook.我有一本書(shū)。表示一這個(gè)數(shù)量，沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)烈。如：Ihaveamonth,anoseandtwoeyes.我用于某些固定詞組中。如：afew有一些/alittle一點(diǎn)兒/alo

22、tof許多/haveagoodtime玩得開(kāi)心二定冠詞the的用法特指某人或某物。如：ThemaninthecarisMr.Smith.車(chē)?yán)锏娜耸鞘访芩瓜壬?。指談話雙方都知道的人或物。如：Openthedoor,please.請(qǐng)打開(kāi)窗戶。指上文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人或物。女口：Shehasason,thesonworksinBeijing.她有一個(gè)兒子，他在北京工作。用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。女口：Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.太陽(yáng)比地球大。用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。如：thefirstlesson第一課/thetallestgirl最高的女孩用在普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞前。

23、如：theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城/theYellowRiver黃河/theSummerPalace頤和園/theUnitedStates美國(guó)用在姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示“一家人。女口：theSmithsaregoingtoQingdaoforavacation.史密斯一家打算去青島度假。用于形容詞前表示一類(lèi)人或事物。如：therich有錢(qián)人/thepoor窮人/theold老年人/theyoung年輕人/theblind盲人用在樂(lè)器名詞前。如：Canyouplaytheguitar?你會(huì)彈吉他嗎？用在一些習(xí)慣語(yǔ)中。如：inthemorning在上午/ontheleft在左邊/bytheway順便說(shuō)一

24、下/alltheyearround一整年/intheopenair在戶外/atthesametime同時(shí)/allthetime一直/intheend最后；終于/thedayaftertomorrow后天/inthefuture在將來(lái)三不用冠詞的情況在英語(yǔ)中，不用冠詞的現(xiàn)象稱(chēng)作零冠詞。如果名詞前已經(jīng)有指示代詞(this/that/these/those)、形容詞性物主代詞(my/his/our)或名詞所有格等限定詞，不用冠詞。如:Thisismypen.這是我的筆。Doyoulikethatcoat?你喜歡那件外套嗎？TheseareRosesbooks.這些事羅斯的書(shū)。表示語(yǔ)言、學(xué)科、三餐、球

25、類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前，不用冠詞。如：語(yǔ)言：Chinese/English/French/Russian/Japanese學(xué)科：maths/history/biology/geography三餐：breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner球類(lèi)：football/basketball/tennis/baseball棋類(lèi)：chess/Chinesechess表示星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日的名詞前不用冠詞。如：星期：Sunday/Monday/Tuesday月份：January/February/March季節(jié)：spring/summer/autumn/winter節(jié)日：Teacher

26、sDay/ChildrensDay表示人名、國(guó)名、稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)或頭銜等的專(zhuān)有名詞前不用冠詞。如：Lucyisanicegirl.露西是一個(gè)還女孩。CaptainCookisverypopular.庫(kù)克船長(zhǎng)很受歡迎。探以下國(guó)家名稱(chēng)前用the：theUnitedStates/theU.S./TheU.S.A.美國(guó)theUnitedKingdom/theU.K.英國(guó)某些固定詞組中不用冠詞。如：athome在家/bytrain乘火車(chē)/gotoschool去上學(xué)/ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)/dayandnight日日夜夜/atfirst起初/atwork在工作/gotobed上床睡覺(jué)/onfoot步行四以元音音素開(kāi)頭的

27、字母：Aa/Ee/Ff/Hh/Ii/Ll/Mm/Nn/Oo/Ss/Xx（11個(gè)）五初中階段以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞（短語(yǔ)）anappleanorangeanhouranelephantanegganumbrellaaneraseranauntanuncleananimalanactoranartistanislandanonionanIDcardanunusualmananelevenboyanoldmananactionmovieanamusementparkaninterestingstoryanEnglishbookaneight-year-oldboyanhonestboyanexaman

28、excitingjobanIceandSnowFestivalanawardanorganizationanadanexample探ausefulbook探特別提示：有些短語(yǔ)用定冠詞與不用定冠詞意義不同。infrontof在前面f外部attable就餐inbed躺在床上inthefrontof在前部f內(nèi)部atthetable坐在桌子旁邊inthebed在床上onhorse騎著馬onearth究竟onshore在岸上onthehorse在馬背上ontheearth在地球上ontheshore在岸邊練習(xí).用a,an,the填空，不需要填的用“/”表示。Thereisbookonthedesk.bo

29、okismine.Therearesevendaysinweek.morecarefulyouare,kisgoodforourhealth.Heoftengoestohisschoolonfoot.ShanghaiisbiggestcityofChina.December25thisChristmasDay.&ChildrenneedntgotoschoolonSunday.Wealwayshavericeforlunch.Doyouneedumbrella?Areyouallinsameschool?Thereis“h”and“o”intheword“

30、hour”.Iheardsomebodyplayingpianoinnextroom.Weshouldbekindtoold.TheyaregoingtohavesupperwithBrownstonight.ThateveningBrownshadnicesupper.Whatimportantpieceofnewsitis!horseisusefulanimal.Ourteacherhas8-year-olddaughter,Sheisveryclever.Iamreadingnovel,Itisinterestingstory.Whatniceday!Letsgooutandhavewa

31、lk.Ihavecatandcatisblack.Itisverycoldinwinter.Someboysareplayingfootball.boyismybrother.Yourbagisdirty.Pleaseopenwindow.Iprefergoingbyseatogoingintrain.Whoiswomanincar?Sheisalwaysfirsttogettotheclassroom.31.1likeplayingbasketball,butIdontlikeplayingpiano.IthinkEnglishisusefulsubject.Doyouthinkso?Heh

32、adeggandglassofmilkforbreakfast.Whoisboy?-Heismybestfriend.DoesBobcomefromU.S.orAustralia?Lindaworksinhospital.ShesaysthatGrandpaZhangwasinhospital.Howdoyougotowork,bybusoronbike?二單項(xiàng)選擇bookonthedeskisEnglishbook.A.The;anB.The;aC.A;theD.A;anLiuHongstudiesinuniversityinBeijing.Sheishonestgirl.A.an;aB.a

33、n;anC.a;anD.a;aInsummerof1994shewenttoAmericatogoonwithherstudy.A.aB./C.theD.anIoftengotocinemawithTom.Andweoftenhavegoodtimethere.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;aD./;/Shewrotee-mailtome.soIknewthatsheboughtMP4yesterday.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a三代詞Pronoun(pron.)代詞用來(lái)代替名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞。一人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞及反身代詞。人稱(chēng)代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性

34、名詞性Imemyminemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves用法主格用來(lái)作主語(yǔ):IlikeEnglish.賓格用來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)：Shetoldmeastoryyesterday.形容詞性物主代詞用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，放于名詞前：mycomputer/ourschool名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用：-Whoseruleri

35、sthis?-Itsmine.（mine=myruler）反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)，放于及物動(dòng)詞、介詞之后：Thegirlissooldthatshecanlookafterherself.反身代詞作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，可以放主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)后，也可以放句末：Icandoitmyself.探人稱(chēng)代詞并列使用時(shí)的順序-巧學(xué)妙記：?jiǎn)螖?shù)231,復(fù)數(shù)123,承擔(dān)責(zé)任“我”在前。單數(shù)順序：第二、第三、第一人稱(chēng)女口：youandhe/youandI/you,heandI復(fù)數(shù)順序：第一、第二、第三人稱(chēng)女口：weandyou/weandthey/we,youandthey第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的順序是：heandshe形容詞

36、性物主代詞+名詞=名詞性物主代詞Thisisntmydictionary,mineisoverthere.mine=mydictionary常與反身代詞連用的短語(yǔ)。enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun（玩得開(kāi)心、過(guò)得愉快）dressoneself（up）（自己穿衣服）hurt/cutoneself（傷了自己）4learnbyoneself=teachoneself（自學(xué).）saytooneself（自言自語(yǔ)）helponeselftosth（隨便吃些.）一.用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q(chēng)代詞和物主代詞填空。MynameisJack,amthirteen.fatherisadoct

37、or.isforty.hobbyisreadingbooks.motherisateacher.oftenteachesTOC o 1-5 h zEnglish.Ilike.andlike.-Excuseme!Isthisbike?-No,itisnt.ItsTomssisters,Its.IisMimi.likeseatingfishandmeat.-ArethesebooksJacks?-Letsee.Oh,yes,theyare.5.HetaughtEnglishlastyear.Wealllikeclasses.二.反身代詞練習(xí)：XiaoDonglikes.Thesmallgirlis

38、tooyoungto.ThechildrenonChildrensDay.HeFrench.=HeFrench.somefish,Ann!Becarefulwiththatknife,oryouwill.二指示代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)thisthesethatthose指示代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，也可以代替形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如：Thisismypen.fThesearemypens.Thesestudentswillgohiking.打電話時(shí)常用this扌旨代“我”用that指代“你。如:ThisisMaryspeaking,Whoisthat?（我是瑪麗，你是誰(shuí)？）三疑問(wèn)代詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句的，有

39、who,whom（賓格）,whose,what,which其中who/whom只能指人，what/which指物。who/whom/whosewho只能指人，如：Whoistheyoungman?whom指人，只能作賓語(yǔ)。如：Whomdoyouknow?Whose是who的所有格形式。如：Whosebookisonthedesk?what/whichwhat一般指物。如：Whatarethese?which指人或物。如：Whichdoyoulikebetter,theredoneortheblueone?探what與who開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)詞都可以指人，what一般問(wèn)人的職業(yè)，who一般問(wèn)人的身份。如

40、：-Whatishisfather?-Whoishe?-Heisapoliceman.Heismyfather.探what可用于詢問(wèn)姓名、職業(yè)、年齡、日期、星期、價(jià)格、時(shí)間、數(shù)量、愛(ài)好、運(yùn)算結(jié)果等。如：Whatsyourname?你叫什么名字？Whatstheageofyou?=Howoldareyou?你幾歲了？Whatsyourjob?=Whatdoyoudo?=Whatareyou?你的職業(yè)是什么？Whatsyourhobby?你的愛(ài)好是什么？Whatsthepriceofthiscomputer?=Howmuchisthiscomputer?這臺(tái)電腦多少錢(qián)？Whattimeisit?=

41、Whatsthetime?幾點(diǎn)了？WhatsthepopulationinChina?中國(guó)有多少人口？Whatdayisittoday?今天星期幾？/Whatsthedate?今天幾號(hào)？Whatsyouraddress?你的地址是什么？Whatstenandtwo?10加2等于多少？一.用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)代詞填空。-istheman?-Heismyuncle.-doesyourfatherdo?-Hesanengineer.-glassesarethese?-1dontknow.-didyoudoyesterday?-IwatchedT.Withisyourmothertalking?四不定代詞so

42、me通常用于肯定句，但期望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答也用some。一些：修飾可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞如：Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?any用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件句中。如：Idonthaveanyideas.都，全部：both指兩個(gè)人或物fneitherall指三個(gè)以上的人或物fnoneeither指兩者中任何一個(gè)，作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。許多：many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)much修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)少：fewafew修飾可數(shù)名詞littlealittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞否定：很少肯定：有幾個(gè)，有一些每一：each強(qiáng)調(diào)“個(gè)別”，可以單獨(dú)使用，可修飾單數(shù)名詞或跟of結(jié)構(gòu)，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。every

43、強(qiáng)調(diào)“整體”，可修飾單數(shù)名詞，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的“每個(gè)都”，只作定語(yǔ)。onetheother一個(gè)另一個(gè)someothers一些另一些（另一些并不包括全部）sometheothers一些其他的（其他的包括剩下的全部）another再，又（表示不確定數(shù)目中的另個(gè)），般接單數(shù)名詞。復(fù)合不定代詞every-some-any-no-thingeverything-onesomeonenoone-body探不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。如：Isanyonehere?有人嗎?不定代詞+adj.女口：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.練習(xí)：一.用所給的不定代詞填空A.some/an

44、yIhavegoodfriends.Thereisntdrinkinthefridge.Ihavetobuy.MayIaskyouquestions?Wouldyoupleasepassmesalt?-Sorry,thereisnt.studentslikelisteningtopopmusic.many/muchHowdidthebikecostyou?Howwaterdoyouneed?TodayIambusy.Ihavehomeworktodo.YouaregettingfatterYoucanteattoomeat.Therearepeopleinthemuseum.few/afew/

45、little/alittleCanyouspeakFrench?-Yes,butjust.Thereismilkinthebottle.Pleasegetsomeforme.IthinkIwillstaytherefordays.Helookssad,becausehehasfriendshere.Thereishoneyintheglass,isntthere?all/both/none/neither/either-Whichcoatdoyoulikebetter,thegreenoneortheyellowone?-Sorry,Ilikeofthem.Ilikeblue.Myparent

46、sareteachers.Weareverybusy.Ihavemanybooks,butofthemareaboutcooking.-Whichdoyoulikebest,tea,coffeeorjuice?.Ilikebeerbest.Whoseanswerisright,Tomsormine?-Sorry,ofthemisright.Therearemanyflowersonsidesoftheroad.Myfatherdoesntlikepopmusic.Mymotherdoesntlikeit.WhencanImeetyou,onMondayorTuesday?ofthemisOK.

47、Imfree.each/everyImustgotoschoolday.ofthemhasacomputer.Youcanhaveanapple.ofthemknowsthenews.onemustbehereontime.F.onetheother/someothers/sometheothers/anotherIboughttwobottlesofwater.isforyou,andisformysister.Therearesevenpeoplehere.TwoofthemcomefromtheUSA.arefromAustralia.Wearecleaningtheclassroom.

48、Somearecleaningthewindows.Somearesweepingthefloor,andarecleaningthedesksandchairs.Idontlikethisone.Canyougetmeone?something/anything/everything/nothingIhavetotellyou.isready.Wecanhavedinner.Thereisntinterestingintodaysnewspaper.YesterdayIwentshopping,butIbought,becausethereweretoomanypeoplethere.Can

49、Idoforyou?-Thatsverykindofyou.somebody/anybody/everybody/nododyListen,isknockingatthedoor.-Isthereintheroom?-No,ishere.Isheretoday?willcometoseeyou.Pleasewaithere.canpasstheexamifheworkshard.二單項(xiàng)選擇Passtheknifeto,please,Mypencilisbroke.A.IB.myC.meYesterdayIsawenjoyinthepark.them;themselvesB.them;thems

50、elfC.they;themselves-doesyourmotherdo?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhichHeknowsEnglishbuthehasEnglishfriends.A.little;afewB.little;fewC.afew;littleWhichsweaterdoyouprefer,theyellowoneorthepinkone?-.Ilikealightblueone.A.EitherB.BothC.Neitherisateacher.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisaworker,A.anotherB.theothe

51、rC.other7.Thereisintodaysnewspaper.A.newanythingB.somethingnewC.newsomething8.Canyoudoitby,Kate?-Ithinkso.A.youB.yourselfC.yourselvesThequestionsaresodifficultthatstudentscananswerthem.A.fewB.afewC.alittleWeboughtacar.A.usB.oursC.ourHishandwritingisbetterthan.A.herB.hersC.sheMikeisstrongerthaninhisc

52、lass.A.anyboysB.anyotherboyC.anyboyThisisbag,andisoverthere.A.your;hisB.his;yourC.me;meHisparentsaredoctors.A.eachB.allC.bothWecantleavethechildrenby.A.theyB.themselvesC.themwassnowingwhenwereachedtheschool.A.TheskyB.ItC.TheweatherHello.MayIspeaktoJim,please?A.WhoareyouB.WhosthatC.WhoisheToday,trees

53、arestillbeingcutdownintheworld.A.muchtooB.toomuchC.toomanyTherearemanytreesonsideofthestreet.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherlikesicecream.A.EverychildrenB.EverychildC.AllchildrenThesesweatersaretoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeone.A.areyou;ImB.isthat;ImC.isthat;ThisisA.areyou;ImB.isthat;ImC.isthat;ThisisA.theother

54、anotherothersWouldyoulikesometeawithsugarormilk,sir?No,Idliketeawithinit.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingEveryoneinourclasshasgonehikingexcept.Ihaveasoreleg.A.IB.meC.mineWefindimpossibletogettherebefore8oclock.A.thisB.itC.thatThereisabookonthefloor.Whoseis?A.heB.sheC.itItwasrainingsohardthatofherfee

55、twerewet.A.allB.everyC.bothKatelostkeys.askedforhelp.A.her;She;IB.her;She;meC.hers;She;meWhoteachesFrench?A.themB.theyC.theirTheteacheraskedtocleantheclassroom.A.you,sheandIB.I,youandsheC.you,sheandmeHello,mayIspeaktoDavid?Speaking.Who?John.-girlisyourpenpal?-Theoneinred.A.WhoseB.WhoC.WhichIdonthave

56、mOCouldyoupleaselendme?A.any;someB.any;anyC.some;any翻譯句子，每空一詞。1孩子們，請(qǐng)隨便吃些水果。Helpsomefruit,children.2你將要和誰(shuí)一起度假？areyougoingtotakeavacation?吉姆發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好漢語(yǔ)有點(diǎn)難。JimfoundalittledifficultChinesewell.4如果你有問(wèn)題，可以問(wèn)我。Ifyouhave,youcanaskme.教室里有許多孩子，一些在讀書(shū)，其他的在寫(xiě)字。Therearechildrenintheclassroom.arereading,andarewriting.按要求

57、完成下列句子，每空一詞。WehadagoodtimeinHangzhoulastweek.（改為同義句）WeinHangzhoulastweek.Mybrotheristeachinghimselfnow.（改為同義句）Mybrotherisnow.ThatismyEnglishbook.（改為同義句）ThatisanEnglishbook.LiPingistallwithapairofglasses.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）doesLiPing?ThepopulationofShandongProvinceisover90million.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）thepopulationofShando

58、ngProvince?BothyouandhehavebeentotheGreatWall.（改為否定句）youhebeentotheGreatWall.Allofusrunintheparkeverymorning.(改為否定句)ofusintheparkeverymorning.四形容詞Adjective(adj.)和副詞Adverb(adv.).一形容詞形容詞用以修飾名詞、表示人或事物特征。在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足;五樂(lè)語(yǔ)等。作定語(yǔ)1.如果幾個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞，其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(my/the/this/some/two)+性質(zhì)(lovely/bad)+大小+形狀、新舊、年齡+顏色+

59、地方+材料+用途類(lèi)別+中心名詞。如：Shehasbeautifullongcurlyblondehair./afineoldstonebridge/somelovelylittleblackbirds2形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般位于被修飾詞之前，但修飾不定代詞時(shí)常放在所修飾詞之后。如：Thisisaninterestingstory./Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.作表語(yǔ)Theclassroomisbigandbright.有少數(shù)形容詞一般只能作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。alone單獨(dú)的awake醒著的afraid害怕的well身體健康的asleep睡著的alive活著的一些

60、連系動(dòng)詞后也可以接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。look看上去sound聽(tīng)起來(lái)get變得turn變得become變得grow變得feel感覺(jué)taste嘗起來(lái)seem看上去stay保持keep保持remain保持appear顯得（三）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Wholeftthedooropen?（四）the+形容詞：表示一類(lèi)人或物。如果指人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)，指事物時(shí)為單數(shù)。如：Theoldaretakengoodcareof.二副詞副詞用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其他副詞。（一）副詞的位置副詞在句中的位置較靈活，可放句首、句中或句末。一般的，多數(shù)副詞放在動(dòng)詞后面。但very/much/still/almost等程度副詞常放在修飾