2021屆高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)Unit1Greatscientists課件新人教版必修5

1、.讀單詞 積累詞匯1.characteristic n. 特征;特性2.defeat vt. 打敗n. 失敗3.expert adj. 熟練的;經(jīng)驗(yàn)或知識(shí)豐富的n. 專家;行家4.cure n. 治愈;痊愈vt. 治愈;治療5.challenge n.挑戰(zhàn)vt. 向挑戰(zhàn)6.absorb vt. 吸收;吸引;使專心7.suspect vt. 懷疑8.severe adj. 嚴(yán)重的;劇烈的;嚴(yán)厲的9.foresee vt.(過(guò)去式:foresaw,過(guò)去分詞:foreseen)預(yù)見(jiàn);預(yù)知10.blame vt. 責(zé)備;譴責(zé)n. 過(guò)失;責(zé)備11.handle n. 柄;把手vt. 處理;操縱12.po

2、sitive adj. 積極的;肯定的;確實(shí)的13.spin vi.& vt.(過(guò)去式:spun,過(guò)去分詞:spun)(使)旋轉(zhuǎn);紡(線或紗)14.conclude vt.& vi. 結(jié)束;推斷出conclusion n. 結(jié)論;結(jié)束conclusive adj. 結(jié)論性的15.analyse vt. 分析analysis n. 分析16.attend vt. 照顧;護(hù)理;出席;參加attendance n. 出席17.expose vt. 暴露;揭露;使曝光exposure n. 暴露;接觸18.pollute vt. 污染;弄臟pollution n. 污染19.announce vt.

3、宣布;通告announcement n. 宣布;通告20.instruct vt. 命令;指示;教導(dǎo)instruction n. 指示;指導(dǎo);命令instructive adj. 有教育意義的21.construct vt. 建設(shè);修建construction n. 建設(shè);建筑物22.contribute vt.& vi. 捐獻(xiàn);貢獻(xiàn);捐助contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn);捐獻(xiàn)23.enthusiastic adj. 熱情的;熱心的enthusiasm n. 熱情24.cautious adj. 小心的;謹(jǐn)慎的caution n. 小心;謹(jǐn)慎25.reject vt. 拒絕;不接受;拋棄r

4、ejection n. 拒絕1.absorb vt. 吞并;合并;減輕(沖擊的)作用和影響2.suspect n.嫌疑犯;可疑對(duì)象3.attend vt.專心;陪伴4.contribute vt.& vi.促使;導(dǎo)致;有助于5.reject n. 被拒絕的人或事物在conclusion一詞中,-ion為后綴(亦作-ation,-ition,-sion,-tion,-xion),用來(lái)構(gòu)成名詞,表示行為或狀態(tài)。再如:pollution,contribution,caution,instruction,rejection,division,expression等。.背短語(yǔ) 活學(xué)活用1.put for

5、ward 提出2.draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論3.expose.to.使顯露;暴露4.make sense 講得通;有意義5.look into 調(diào)查6.link.to.將和聯(lián)系或連接起來(lái)7.apart from 除之外;此外8.slow down (使)慢下來(lái)9.die of 死于10.lead to 導(dǎo)致;通往11.at times 有時(shí).賞佳句 思維提優(yōu)1.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(教材原句,P2)2.Neither it

6、s cause nor its cure was understood.(教材原句,P2)3.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(教材原句,P2)4.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.(教材原句,P3)5.Only if you put the sun there did the moveme

7、nts of the other planets in the sky make sense.(教材原句,P7)1.concludevt.& vi. end結(jié)束;decide what is true 推斷出Richardson concluded from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off.理查德遜從他的研究中得出結(jié)論:性別之間的平等仍然很遙遠(yuǎn)。678912345678912345即境活用句型轉(zhuǎn)換What can you conclude from these observations?你從

8、這些觀察中能得出什么結(jié)論?What conclusion can you draw/reach from these observations?6789123452.attendvt. look after照顧,護(hù)理;be present at出席,參加;pay attention專心John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(教材原句,P2)約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛,因而成為照料維多利亞女王

9、的私人醫(yī)生。678912345即境活用判斷下列各句中attend的恰當(dāng)意義.Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.(2014江蘇卷)By now paramedics(急救人員)had arrived,and were attending to the injured woman.(2014福建卷)After attending church,the family would go home for dinner.Why werent you attending when I explained before?我以前解釋的時(shí)

10、候,你為什么不專心聽(tīng)呢?答案:上課 護(hù)理 去教堂 專心6789123453.exposevt.to show something that is usually covered or hidden;to show the truth about someone or something,especially when it is bad;to allow light onto a piece of film in a camera in order to take a photograph暴露;揭露;使曝光But he became inspired when he thought about

11、 helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(教材原句,P2)但他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通百姓時(shí),他就感到很振奮。678912345即境活用完成句子Long-hour exposure to strong sunlight has burned his face.長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光下已曬黑了他的臉。Because I am Chinese,my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture.(2014課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)因?yàn)槲沂侵袊?guó)人,所以我與

12、丈夫都想讓孩子們不斷地接觸漢語(yǔ)和中國(guó)文化。6789123454.absorbvt.take in吸收,吸引;理解;keep sb.fixed on.使專心;reduce 減輕;include sth.or sb.as a part吞并The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(教材原句,P2)第二種看法認(rèn)為人們是在吃飯的時(shí)候把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。678912345即境活用判斷下列各句中absorb的恰當(dāng)意義In cold climates,houses ne

13、ed to have walls that will absorb heat.Clever children absorb knowledge easily.The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.A well-designed sports shoe should absorb the impact on your feet.答案:吸收理解吞并減輕6789123455.blamevt. to say or think that sb.or sth.is responsible for sth.b

14、ad責(zé)備;譴責(zé)n. responsibility for a mistake or for sth.bad過(guò)失;責(zé)備It seemed that the water was to blame.(教材原句,P2)看來(lái)水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?78912345即境活用完成句子Its you who are to blame for the delay of work.工作耽誤了,是你該受到責(zé)備。One of the computers is broken and shes blaming it on me.有一臺(tái)電腦出故障了,她把這事歸咎于我。If anything goes wrong,Ill take

15、the blame.如果出了問(wèn)題,我會(huì)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的。6789123456.instructvt.teach sb.or give orders to sb.命令;指示;教導(dǎo)The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.(教材原句,P3)自來(lái)水公司也接到指令,不能再讓人們接觸被污染的水了。678912345即境活用完成句子Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.在道路安全方面,我們需要付出更大的努

16、力來(lái)指導(dǎo)孩子。單句改錯(cuò)Read the instruction on the bottle before you take the medicine.答案:instructioninstructionsThe government instructs that mobile text messages must be strictly controlled.答案:去掉must或mustshould6789123457.contributevt.& vi.to give money,help,ideas,etc.to捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),捐助;be helpful to有助于;lead to導(dǎo)致,促使Fi

17、rst,choose your travel companions wisely,because nothing contributes more significantly to a trip than the right companions.(2014湖南卷)首先,明智地選擇旅游伙伴,因?yàn)槭裁匆糙s不上合適的伙伴更明顯有助于旅途。678912345即境活用句型轉(zhuǎn)換He has contributed greatly to the companys success.He has made great contributions to the companys success.判斷下列各句中c

18、ontribute的恰當(dāng)意義Every child wants to grow into a happy,healthy,contributing adult.(2014安徽卷)Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.My parents said they would contribute something towards the cost of my driving lessons.Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this diff

19、icult subject.答案:有貢獻(xiàn)的促使;導(dǎo)致捐助有助于6789123458.put forward提出(意見(jiàn)、建議);推薦;把時(shí)針向前撥Who put forward a theory about black holes?(教材原句,P1)誰(shuí)提出的黑洞理論?即境活用介副詞填空Dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今日事,今日畢。Would you mind putting your cigarette out,please?把煙熄了,好嗎?We shall be happy to put you up when you c

20、ome to town next month.你們下個(gè)月到城里來(lái)時(shí)我們將很樂(lè)意為你們提供膳宿。Will you put down your address here?把你的地址寫(xiě)在這兒好嗎?The boy put the food away in the cupboard after he finished his dinner.小男孩吃完晚飯后把食品放到櫥柜里。Shes by no means really mad;she puts it on in order to gain attention.她絕不是真的瘋了,她只是為了引起人們的注意才假裝的。Its a really excellen

21、t idea,but who put it forward?這真是一個(gè)好主意,是誰(shuí)提出來(lái)的?6789123456789123459.make sense 講得通;有意義Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(教材原句,P7)只有當(dāng)你把太陽(yáng)放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能說(shuō)得清楚。678912345即境活用完成句子They make our lives more pleasant and give us a sense of who we are

22、.(2014浙江卷)他們使我們的生活更加愉快,使我們有了自我的意識(shí)。Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group,the greater the protection it provided.(2014上海卷)群居是有意義的,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)群體越大,越能提供更好的保護(hù)。Can you make sense of what this author says?你懂得這位作家所講的話嗎?The conclusion is in no sense scientific.這個(gè)結(jié)論絕不是科學(xué)的。Theres no sense in getti

23、ng upset about it now.現(xiàn)在為此事煩惱已沒(méi)有什么意義了?；乜劢滩木涫骄?.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(教材原句,P2)2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(教材原句,P2)3.To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examin

24、ed(examine).(教材原句,P3)回扣教材句式精解1.neither.nor.既不又不。連接并列成分或并列句?；乜劢滩木涫骄饧淳郴钣猛瓿删渥親e neither sees nor cares/wants to see the film.他沒(méi)有看,也不想看這部電影。Autumn is a good season.Its neither hot nor cold.秋天是一個(gè)好季節(jié),既不熱,也不冷。句型轉(zhuǎn)換You are not to blame,and I am not,either.既不要怪你,也不要怪我。Neither you nor I am to blame.I can neither win the game nor want to.我既不能贏得這次比賽,也不想。Neither can I win the game,nor do I want to.回扣教材句式精解2.