新編計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語chapter 06

1、Chapter 6 Application Software -Database & Multimedia 新編計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語IntroductionIn this chapter, we present an overview of application software ：a subclass of computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform . It is essential

2、to gain sufficient knowledge and understanding of application software such as database and multimedia applcations. Section A. Database About database and DBMSdatabase(DB) a collection of data or information organized for rapid search and retrieval, especially by a computer. Databases are structured

3、 to facilitate storage, retrieval, modification, and deletion of data in conjunction with various data-processing operations.database management system(DBMS) the hierarchy and terms of DB and DBMS2. Features Relational database A relational database is a database that conforms to the relational mode

4、l, and refers to a databases data and schema (the databases structure of how that data is arranged). TableRecordFieldPrimary keyQuery Form3. Database models A database model is a theory or specification describing how a database is structured and used. Relational model Three key terms are used exten

5、sively in relational database models: relations, attributes, and domains. Object database models object databases attempt to bring the database world and the application programming world closer together, in particular by ensuring that the database uses the same type system as the application progra

6、m. Fuzzy databases a fuzzy database is a database using fuzzy logic, for example with fuzzy attributes, which may be defined as attributes of a item, row or object in a database, which allow to store fuzzy information (imprecise or uncertain data). 4. Applications of databasesDatabases are used in m

7、any applications, spanning virtually the entire range of computer software. two commonly used database aplications: MOSS and Corpus.Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007 Corpus 5. Database design Database design is the process of producing a detailed data model of a database, not just the base dat

8、a structures, but also the forms and queries used as part of the overall database application within the Database Management System or DBMS. The process of doing database design 6. Database development platforms IBMs DB2Oracle DatabasesMySQLSection B Multimedia Multimedia is media and content that u

9、ses a combination of different content forms.A multimedia application links several content forms and provides tools for the teacher/learner to navigate, interact, and communicate with the computer. 1. The elements of multimedia Text Still images and graphicsAnimation and videoAudio 2. Interactive m

10、ultimedia applications Interactive multimedia applications allow users to actively participate instead of just sitting by as passive recipients of information . eg. GUI 3. Multimedia development software Microsoft PowerPointMacromedia Authorware Apples Keynote MDS screenshots Section C Review & Read

11、ingReview - Multiple Choice & fill in the blanks.1.A collection of data or information represents as the electronic equivalent of a file cabinet is a A.database.B.word processor.C.spreadsheet.table.2.A question or a request for specific data contained in a database is referred to as a A.form.B.repor

12、t.C.applet.D.query. 3.The three key terms commonly used in relational model are A.relations, domains, and hierarchy.B.relations, attributes, and domains.C.attributes, domains, and centralized.D.attributes, relations, and linear.4.A interface presents a screen output with fields to be filled in by us

13、ers is called a(n) A.form.B.query.C.table.D.report.5.All of the following are examples of database management software, except: A.Adobe Photoshop B.Microsoft ExcelC.Microsoft Office Front Page 2003D.Macromedia Authorware 6.Specialized graphic programs used for editing digital photographs are called

14、A.multimedia authoring programs.B.blogs.C.digital scanners.D.image editors.7.One limitation of a bitmap image is that A.it is a very small file.B.it can be saved only in the BMP format.C.it is described using complete mathematical functions only.D.when it is expanded, it becomes pixilated.8.Raster i

15、mages are also known as A.bitmap images.B.vector images.C.clip art images.D.multimedia images. 9.Which of the following programs is not a popular professional image editor program? A.Adobe PageMakerB.Microsoft PaintC.Adobe PhotoshopCorel PhotoPaint10. 2. Supplimentary Reading I. User Interaction wit

16、h a Database ProgramII. Motion Capture software: Cortex3. Grammer:語態(tài) 語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，它表示主語和謂語的不同關(guān)系。語態(tài)有兩種(主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài))。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者，即，主動(dòng)語態(tài)句子中的賓語，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中做句子的主語。由于被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者，故只有及物動(dòng)詞才會(huì)有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 計(jì)算機(jī)英語傾向于使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，這是因?yàn)樗⒅貙κ聦?shí)和方法、性能和特征作出客觀表述。與主動(dòng)語態(tài)相比，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表達(dá)更為客觀，有助于將讀者的注意力集中在敘述中的事物、現(xiàn)實(shí)或過程上。

17、例如：Video can be recorded and transmitted in various physical media.譯文：視頻文件可以在多種物理媒質(zhì)中存儲(chǔ)和傳輸。From the wax cylinder to the compact cassette, analogue audio music storage and reproduction have been based on the same principles upon which human hearing are based. 譯文：從蠟盤錄音帶到卡式磁帶，模擬音頻音樂的存儲(chǔ)和再造都是基于與人類聽覺相同的原則。

18、練習(xí)（1）The procedure by which a computer is told how to work is called programming. 請把下列英文句子翻譯成中文。 （2）Written language uses a small number of symbols which are easily encoded in digital form can be combined in innumberable ways to convey meaning. （3）The runtime system initializes fixed variables only once,