英國(guó)文學(xué)選讀上名詞解釋(中英文版)

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5、ius,eq】nqSqsngpueAuuejA;suie6esasuohLuopaajjjo|eepiumos,uojAgsassajdxahim6uipuequnpuesuoissedAjaijqiMuiBijo8|qoujoojnb#Aiuoo|6snoi|eqesnoyoisAiupncudvouaqoiuouAgriterssuchasHomerandVirgilandthoseofthecontemporaryFrenchones.3theybelievedthattheartisticidealsshouldbeorderlogic,restrainedemotionandaccu

6、racyandthatliteratureshouldbejudgedintermsofitsservicetohumanityRomanticism（浪漫主義）1Inthemid-18thcentury,anewliterarymovementcalledromanticismcametoEuropeandthentoEngland.2ltwascharacterizedbyastrongprotestagainstthebondageofneoclassicism,whichemphasizedreasonorderandelegantwit.Insteadromanticismgavep

7、rimaryconcerntopassionemotion,andnaturalbeauty.3lnthehistoryofliterature.Romanticismisgenerallyregardedasthethoughtthatdesignatesaliteraryandphilosophicaltheorywhichtendstoseetheindividualastheverycenterofalllifeandexperienee.4TheEnglishromanticperiodisanageofpoetrywhichprevailedinEnglandfrom1798to1

8、837.ThemajorromanticpoetsincludeWordsworthByronandShelley.13.Modernism（現(xiàn)代主義）Modernismiscomprehensivebutvaguetermforamovementwhichbegininthelate19thcenturyandwhichhashadawideinflueneeinternationallyduringmuchofthe20thcentury.2modernismtakestheirrationalphilosophyandthetheoryofpsycho-analysisasitstheo

9、reticalcase.3thetermpertainstoallthecreativearts.Especiallypoetryfiction,drama,painting,musicandarchitecture.4inEnglandfromearlyinthe20thcenturyandduringthe1920sand1930sinAmericafromshortlybeforethefirstworldwarandonduringtheinter-warperiod,modernisttendencieswereattheirmostactiveandfruitful.5asfara

10、sliteratureisconcerned,Modernismrevealsabreakingawayfromestablishedrulestraditionsandconventions.freshwaysoflookingatman,spositionandfunctionintheuniverseandmanyexperimentsinformandstyle.ItisparticularlyconcernedwithIanguageandhowtouseitandwithwritingitself.14.Streamofconsciousness（orinteriormonolog

11、ue）Inliterarycriticism,Streamofconsciousnessdenotesa,transferredfrompsychology,isattributedtoMaySinclair.Streamofconsciousnesswritingisusuallyregardedasaspecialformofinteriormonologueandischaracterizedbyassociativeleapsinsyntaxandpunctuationthatcanmaketheprosedifficulttofollow,tracingastheydoacharac

12、tersfragmentarythoughtsandsensoryfeelings.FamouswriterstoemploythistechniqueintheEnglishIanguageincludeJamesJoyceandWilliamFaulkner學(xué)術(shù)界認(rèn)為意識(shí)流是一種通過(guò)直接描述人物思維過(guò)程來(lái)尋求個(gè)人視角的文學(xué)寫(xiě)作技巧。意識(shí)流是現(xiàn)代主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的體現(xiàn)，它首先出現(xiàn)在心現(xiàn)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，由梅。辛克拉提出的，后引進(jìn)文學(xué)領(lǐng)域。意識(shí)流寫(xiě)作通常被認(rèn)為是一種特殊形式的內(nèi)心獨(dú)白。它的特別是聯(lián)想性，以句法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的跳躍，文章的晦澀難懂為特征。來(lái)表現(xiàn)人物的片斷思維和感官性直覺(jué)。比較著名的使用此技巧的有喬伊斯。福

13、克納。MetaphysicalPoetry玄學(xué)派詩(shī)歌）Thepoemsof17th-centuryEnglishpoets,whoseverseischaracterizedbyanintellectuallychallengingstyleandextendedmetaphorscomparingverydissimilarthings.玄學(xué)派詩(shī)歌：17世紀(jì)英國(guó)詩(shī)人的詩(shī)歌，這種詩(shī)歌的特點(diǎn)是風(fēng)格極具智慧，引人深思，善用引申的暗喻來(lái)對(duì)比極其不同的事物.Realism（現(xiàn)實(shí)主義）Therepresentationinartorliteratureofobjects,actions,orsocialconditionsastheyactuallyare,withoutidealizationorpresentationinabstractform.現(xiàn)實(shí)主義：在藝術(shù)或文學(xué)中將事物，行為或社會(huì)狀況按其起初情況進(jìn)行的表現(xiàn)，而不用模糊的形式來(lái)表現(xiàn)或理想化Soliloquyistheactoftalkingtooneself,whethersilentlyoraloud.Indramaitdenotestheconventionbywhichacharacter,aloneonthestage,