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1、大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)本科學(xué)生開(kāi)題書(shū)題目批注 A1: On the linguistic Features of Huck erry Finn哈克貝利。歷險(xiǎn)記的語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)參考這個(gè)題目的寫(xiě)法進(jìn)行修改 從象征主義角度分析的瓦爾登湖姓名段改金級(jí)2013級(jí)英語(yǔ)三班班號(hào)201308401308學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師2016 年10月28日ysis of Thoreaus Walden fromSymbolism題目從象征主義角度分析的瓦爾登湖批注 A2: 修改(Title)中心論點(diǎn)：本將在象征主義被許多外國(guó)文學(xué)作品中運(yùn)用過(guò)試圖來(lái)詳細(xì)地分析的瓦爾登湖。通過(guò)細(xì)讀作品中各種意象和文章篇章的布局的重要信息，來(lái)探索的象征意

2、義的存在和內(nèi)涵，象征手法的使用不僅能深化并使之更形象，而且常常能般地激起讀者的情感并喚起讀者的想象，從而賦予作品與眾不同的全新意義。因此讀懂象征藝術(shù)對(duì)于更好地理解該小說(shuō)有著的作用。通過(guò)在田園生活中感知自然、重塑自奇異歷程和心理描寫(xiě)的研究，表達(dá)了新英格蘭對(duì)于唯利是圖的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)不得不滿。Thesis Sement：This pr attempts toyze Thoreaus Walden by using symbolism which was usedany foreign literary works. Reading carefully the important information

3、of the layoutof article and description of various imageshe work, we can explore the conno ion ofThoreaus symbolism; the use of symbol can not only deepen the theme but also oftenmiraculously arouse the readers imagination, which endows the work with distinctivemeaning. Therefore,re ion of the symbo

4、ls plays a vital role in betterre ion ofthe text. Through the study of psychological and description of naturehe pastoral life andellectuals for thethe reshaof himself, it is expressedt the New Englandmercenary is not satisfied.本研究目的和意義: 研究目的：現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，人們更加注重精神文明，追求的是精神和心靈上的寧?kù)o。通過(guò)對(duì)瓦爾登湖中意象所象征的的精神高度的，來(lái)體現(xiàn)它的象

5、征主義的理解對(duì)個(gè)人及社會(huì)的重要性，同時(shí)使作者更加準(zhǔn)確、貼切地理解這部作品。批注 A3: 全文不需要“加粗”，以下依次修改Modern society, people pay more attention to spiritual civilization and pursuit thespiritual peace. Byyzing Thoreaus spirit through Waldens symbolic images,representing the importance of symbolism to the individual and society, and making t

6、he author understand the work accura y and properly.研究意義（Significance）：通過(guò)對(duì)作品的解讀和作者的分析，幫助理解作品中的和進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)的作品，也可以從中反映出那個(gè)時(shí)代人們的態(tài)度和的差距，ysis of Thoreaus Walden from Symbolism從而加深對(duì)的印象，更好的闡述他的對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的意義。Through the re ion of the work and the ysis of the author to help understand the theme of the work and a further

7、study of Thoreaus works. It c so reflect the gap bet n peoples attitude of the era and Thoreau, thereby deepen mans impres of Thoreau and ret better his thinking on the significance to the reality.本研究的理論意義（國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述）:研究背景：一直以來(lái)，從精神層面來(lái)分析瓦爾登湖對(duì)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的影響是一個(gè)很多中國(guó)學(xué)者喜歡評(píng)論的點(diǎn)，他們研究的都是回歸到大自然，人們的精神和心靈都能得到凈化，也倡導(dǎo)只有在和諧的人

8、和自然的環(huán)境中，才能達(dá)到人與自然的對(duì)立。國(guó)外也有學(xué)者.作家對(duì)瓦爾登湖中生態(tài)主義和的超驗(yàn)主義的研究。但用象征意義來(lái)具體分析瓦爾登湖中體現(xiàn)的人與自然的研究還不多。Chischolars like to comment the Walden through the spiritual poof view to yze the impact of modern society, their study is back to the nature, peoples spirit and mind can be purified, and also advocate in Harmonious relat

9、ionship human-nature, people can achieve the unity of man and nature of the opition. There are also abroads scholars .writers on Walden ecologic and Thoreaus transcendentalism. But the studies are not enought apply a symbolic meaning toyze specifically of Walden reflecting the relationship betn huma

10、n and nature.研究現(xiàn)狀國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于及作品的研究2.2.1 國(guó)外研究狀況1862年，艾默生了一篇關(guān)于報(bào)中關(guān)于的文章，這似乎是研究的開(kāi)始。迄今為止在研究過(guò)的學(xué)者已經(jīng)有一百多年歷史了。在文學(xué)史上的評(píng)價(jià)是復(fù)雜的。首先，作家J.R Lowell和英國(guó)作家A.E Stevenson批評(píng)是一名業(yè)余自然學(xué)家，他只是模仿艾默生。然而，像Mark Van Doren和Norman Forester這樣的學(xué)者肯定了所做的藝術(shù)成就。他們相信，致力于追求真理，善良和美麗與自然。但他們沒(méi)有集中在的和想法。1941年，是對(duì)的研究的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)者馬（Matthiessen）了一本名叫文藝復(fù)興：艾默生和時(shí)代

11、的藝術(shù)和表達(dá)。在他的著作中，Matthiessance大致對(duì)進(jìn)行了解讀，并得到新批評(píng)注意的廣泛支持。它使成為文學(xué)史上的經(jīng)典作家之一。20世紀(jì)50年代以后，對(duì)的研究迅速上升，大致可以分為五個(gè)方面。一，傳記研究；二，文學(xué)研究；第三，哲學(xué)研究；四，生態(tài)學(xué)研究；最后是文化研究。In 1862, Emerson published an article about Thoreau in, which would seem to be as the beginning of studying Thoreau. There have been over one dred years for the scho

12、lars studying on Thoreau so far in American. Thoreau might to be a complicated one in American literary history. , American writer J.R Lowell and British writer A.E Stevenson criticized t Thoreau was an amateur naturalist and he simply imi ed Emerson only. However, the scholars like Mark Van Doren a

13、nd Norman Forester were sure the art achievements t Thoreau had made. They be ve t Thoreau devoted all his life to pursuit the truth, the kindness and the beauty with nature. But they did not focus on Thoreaus thoughts and ideas.In 1941, it was a turning po for the study of Thoreau. F.O Matthiessen,

14、 a Harvard University scholar, comes out American Renaissance: Art and Expres in the Age of Emerson and Whitman. In his work, Matthiessancereted Walden as a whole, which wa pported in detail by American New Criticism. And it made Thoreaue one of the classic writers in American literary history. And

15、after 1950s, the study of Thoreau increased quickly, which can divide five aspects. , biographical study; Second, literary study; Third, philosophic study; Fourth, ecological study; Last is culture study.2.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)研究狀況到目前為止，中國(guó)學(xué)者已經(jīng)認(rèn)可了和他的作品。對(duì)瓦爾登湖的研究分為兩個(gè)時(shí)期；21世紀(jì)是一個(gè)分水嶺。在21世紀(jì)初期，大多數(shù)是對(duì)和他的作品的介紹。然而，自20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，

16、對(duì)的研究取得了進(jìn)步。在新的世紀(jì)，研究更傾向于多樣化。許多學(xué)者從四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究。一，21世紀(jì)前的認(rèn)可度；二，21世紀(jì)后的接受度；第三，哲學(xué)的研究；最后，的生態(tài)研究。So far, we Chi have accepted Thoreau and his works. The studies of Walden fall o two periods; the 21st century is a watershed. At the beginning of the period of time, most are the roduction for Thoreau and his works. W

17、hile, since 1990s, the studies of Thoreau have made a spurt of progress, in the new century, the studies tend to be more diversity. Many scholars study from four aspects. , the acceptance before the 21st century; Second, the acceptance after 21st century; Third, the study of Thoreaus philosophy; Las

18、t, the Thoreaus ecological thoughts.本研究、理論、方法和視角：?jiǎn)栴}：從象征主義角度分析的瓦爾登湖ysis of Thoreaus Walden from Symbolism理論：象征主義 Symbolism方法：文本細(xì)讀法.文獻(xiàn)期刊研讀法Reading book and the journals or reference視角：通過(guò)從象征主義的視角對(duì)瓦爾登湖進(jìn)行分析From Symbolism toret the work本研究的主要觀點(diǎn)和重難點(diǎn):主要觀點(diǎn)：象征主義源于十九世紀(jì)晚期的法國(guó)象征主義運(yùn)動(dòng),已成為現(xiàn)代小說(shuō)中一種重要的創(chuàng)作手法。通過(guò)運(yùn)用象征主義手法,作

19、家能夠形象而生動(dòng)地表達(dá)出其作品中所蘊(yùn)含的抽象、深刻的概念或觀點(diǎn)。象征主義強(qiáng)調(diào)在創(chuàng)作中使用暗指或誘導(dǎo)等方式而非直接描述來(lái)揭示隱含在文中的意義和聯(lián)系。象征主義的研究在對(duì)文學(xué)作品分析中有重要意義。Symbolism, which originates from the French Symbolist Movementhe late 19thcentury, is used as one of the important deviin modern fiction. As a writingtechnique, symbolism is favored by many writers; it is

20、an effective tool for writers to express abstract ideas and profound views in their works. It stresses the priority of suggestion and evocation over direct description and explicit ogy, the notion of a deeper, hidden level of meaning and connection is favored. An examination of symbolism in literary

21、 works will be immensely helpful.重點(diǎn)：用象征意義對(duì)作品細(xì)讀，從而加深對(duì)作品的理解。Wiwork.Symbolism to read the work, it will enrich peoples understanding of the難點(diǎn)：對(duì)于瓦爾登湖的研究，前人研究焦點(diǎn)主要集中在生態(tài).自然觀等方面，而關(guān)于象征意義在這部作品中的分析還不多。因此，在解讀這部作品的象征意義時(shí)存在，需要作者綜合其它作品中象征主義的體現(xiàn)來(lái)讀瓦爾登湖進(jìn)行新的角度的分析。For Waldens study, the focus of previous studies focused

22、on the ecological, naturaland so on, while Symbolism of theysishis work is not much. Therefore, there isdifficulty inreting the Symbolism of this work, and the author needs toyzeWalden in a new view from theof symbolism in other works.批注 A4: 調(diào)整此頁(yè)詳細(xì)提綱 (Detailed Outline):roductionA Generalroduction to

23、 Henry David ThoreauA Generalroduction to WaldenSymbolismThe Origin of SymbolismThe Definition of SymbolismThe Characteristics of SymbolismThe Significance of SymbolismSymbolism in LiteratureSymbolismhoreaus works 3.The Symbolism Embodied in WaldenSymbol of Natural ScenerySymbol of AnimalSymbol of S

24、easonSymbol of ManThe Enlightenment of SymbolismBenefit to Modern People Who have Strong desire or needsHelp to Those of Losing Olf in Life5.This part will clarify Symbolism is profoundly improved and exploredhoreausWalden.寫(xiě)作進(jìn)程 (Schedule):2016年9月與指導(dǎo)老師聯(lián)系/見(jiàn)面/溝通，方向和選題，開(kāi)始搜集論文資料2016年10月確定題目，并做讀書(shū)筆記和完成開(kāi)題20

25、16年11月填寫(xiě)開(kāi)題的所有內(nèi)容，并提交開(kāi)題2016年12月整理收集好的所有資料，把每一章要寫(xiě)的具體內(nèi)容羅列出來(lái)2016年12月完成第一二章的內(nèi)容2016年12月完成第三四章內(nèi)容2017年1月提交正文初稿給指導(dǎo)教師2017年2月提供初稿反饋意見(jiàn)2017年3月提供修改稿12017年3月提供修改稿1反饋意見(jiàn)2017年3月提供修改稿22017年4月提供修改稿3，按要求做好參考書(shū)目2017年4月指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做好正文前的材料（封面、序言、目錄）2017年4月提供修改稿4，按要求做好正文前材料2017年4月提交定稿2017年5月答辯參考書(shū)目(Referen):1Cavell Stanley. The senses of Walden M.New York: Viking, 1972.批注 A5: 書(shū)名斜體，以下依次修改2Henry David Thoreau. Walden M. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research批注 A6:Press, 2011. 批注 A7: 轉(zhuǎn)行縮進(jìn)，以下依次修改3Henry David Thoreau. Walden or life in the woods a