2021-2022學(xué)年山西省太原市第五中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題

1、2021-2022學(xué)年山西省太原市第五中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. What is Dave going to do tomorrow?A. Write an essay. B. Take a test. C. Go camping.

2、2. What is Olivia doing?A. Shes reading job ads. B. Shes editing a paper. C. Shes watching the news.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. Teaching methods. B. Online learning. C. English culture.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Check the websites. B. Change to a new airline. C. Book

3、a ticket in advance.5. Why is the woman unhappy with Jason?A. He broke a company rule. B. He was absent from work. C. He lost an important report.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6

4、、7題。6. Where are the speakers going to have a picnic?A. On the beach. B. In the woods. C. By the lake.7. What will the woman probably do after the picnic?A Do some reading. B. Go swimming. C. Ride a bike.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8. What is the womans major now?A. Political science. B. Biology. C. Psychology.9

5、. What makes the woman change her mind?A. Extra classes. B. Difficult exams. C. Delays in graduation.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10. Why will Mark go to California?A. To train a new manager. B. To open a branch store. C. To do a sales analysis.11. How long will Marks work probably take in California?A. Two day

6、s. B. One week. C. Two weeks.12. Who might go to California with Mark?A. Peter. B. Jack. C. Lisa.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題.13. What is Susan doing?A. Shes teaching geography. B. Shes introducing an art form. C. Shes conducting an interview.14. What is Charlie?A. A writer. B. A researcher. C. A photographer.1

7、5. How did the Amazon people react to Charlies visit?A. Defensively. B. Favorably. C. Angrily.16. What does Charlie want to show through his works?A. The natural beauty of the Amazon. B. The damage done to the rain forests. C. The happy side of the local life.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題.17. Why is the plan fo

8、r the visitors changed?A. Lack of time. B. Bad weather. C. Budget cuts.18 What does the speaker say about the museums at South Kensington?A. They are free on Thursdays. B. They are close to each other. C. They are open on different days.19. When will the speaker probably leave the National History M

9、useum?A. At 1 pm. B. At 3 pm. C. At 6 pm.20. What is the last stop of the tour?A. The National Gallery. B. The Science Museum. C. Victoria and Albert Museum.第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADo you like reading? What would you like to read? Here are four rec

10、ommendations from trusted critics.A Greenglass House StoryKate Milford, illustrated by Nicole WongTwelve guests, trapped at the Blue Vein Tavern by rising floodwaters, tell stories to pass the time. With tales that cross over between storytelling and reality, what starts as a series of unrelated tal

11、es weaves (編織) together into something smart and tight. A puzzle book that adults may enjoy just as much as its intended child audience. (For ages 4 to 8)Someone Builds the DreamLisa Wheeler, illustrated by Loren LongSomeone Builds the Dream is a celebration of the cooperative spirit and a proof to

12、what we can achieve if we work together. And after having the curtain pulled back like this, children (and probably many grown-ups) will look at the world around them with fresh eyes. (For ages 5 to 8)The Boy and the SeaCamille Andros, illustrated by Amy BatesFollowing a young boy over a lifetime, C

13、amille Andros story flows back with a comforting rhythm while Amy Bates timeless artwork washes over you. As the boy grows older, he returns regularly to the sea looking for answers but discovers something more valuable: visual angle. (For ages 4 to 8)Magic CandiesHeena Baek, translated by Sophie Bo

14、wmanWhen Tong Tong purchases a bag of strange, round candies, he discovers that each one allows him to hear the hidden speech of someone, or something. Honestly, who wouldnt want to hear what the leaves have to say? Youll also be sure to treat your chair with greater kindness after a single read. (F

15、or ages 4 to 8)1. What do the books by Kate Milford and Lisa Wheeler have in common?A. They are both puzzle books.B. They may attract adult readers.C. They both focus on cooperation.D. They are for children aged 4 to 8.2. Which book best suits children who are curious about others secrets?A. A Green

16、glass House Story.B. Someone Builds the Dream.C. Magic Candies.D. The Boy and the Sea.3. Who illustrated the story about a boy who discovered visual angle?A. Nicole Wong.B. Loren Long.C. Sophie Bowman.D. Amy Bates.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四本兒童閱讀書籍。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)A Greenglass House Story部

17、分的“A puzzle book that adults may enjoy just as much as its intended child audience.(這是一本專為孩子設(shè)計(jì)的智力測試書，成年人也許也會同樣喜歡)”和Someone Builds the Dream部分的“children (and probably many grown-ups) will look at the world around them with fresh eyes.(孩子（可能很多成年人）會以新的態(tài)度來看待周圍的世界)”可知，這兩本書的共同點(diǎn)在于他們都可能吸引成年人，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題

18、。根據(jù)Magic Candies部分“When Tong Tong purchases a bag of strange, round candies, he discovers that each one allows him to hear the hidden speech of someone, or something.(當(dāng)童童買了一袋奇怪的圓形的糖果時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)每一顆糖果都能讓他聽到某人隱藏起來的話)”可知，Magic Candies適合對其他人的秘密感到好奇的孩子閱讀。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Boy and the Sea部分中“Camille Andros,

19、illustrated by Amy Bates(卡米爾安德羅斯，艾米貝茨插圖)”以及“As the boy grows older, he returns regularly to the sea looking for answers but discovers something more valuable: visual angle.(隨著年齡的增長，男孩經(jīng)?；氐酱蠛Ｖ袑ふ掖鸢福l(fā)現(xiàn)了更有價(jià)值的東西：視角)”可知，Amy Bates為一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)視角的男孩的故事配了插圖。故選D。BAlthough it is a business not many are aware of, side

20、walk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales of $1 billion within a decade. These four-or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being dev

21、eloped.Those bigger vehicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Brit

22、ains Law Commission, which reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the drivers seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For ex

23、ample, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more than 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian star

24、tup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larger type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.Sidewalk robots carry a few bags of groceries using a variety of sensors, including cameras, radar and GPS to navigate and avoid obstacles and peop

25、le. Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed. As they are small, move slowly and are “telemonitored” by people in a control room who can take over, authorities seem more willing to give them a green light.Such robots are becoming more autonomous

26、. Being much further along the road in earning their keep, these delivery robots are helping to pave the way for the time when bigger autonomous vehicles can join them.4. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Problems caused by autonomous cars.B. Suggestions for producing intelligent robots.C. Challen

27、ges faced by large driverless vehicles.D. The innovative technology of delivery vehicles.5. Why does the author give some examples in paragraph 3?A. To prove the safety of autonomous machines.B. To present the development of sidewalk robots.C. To encourage the public to create more robots.D. To show

28、 the advantages of self-driving technology.6. What can we know about sidewalk robots?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They can distinguish traffic lights on the road.C. They make deliveries faster than ordinary trucks.D. They make it easy for people to track the delivery process.7. Which sect

29、ion of a magazine is this text probably taken from?A. Sports and music.B. Business and culture.C. Science and technology.D. Nature and geography.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人行道機(jī)器人已經(jīng)在美國、中國和歐洲運(yùn)送食品雜貨，這使它們領(lǐng)先于許多正在研發(fā)的無人駕駛汽車和卡車。介紹了大型無人駕駛汽車面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及人行道機(jī)器人的發(fā)展。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Those bigger ve

30、hicles are held back not by technology but regulation. This means having a “safety driver” on board ready to take over if there is a problem, which is hardly labour-saving. For these larger vehicles, regulators want to see safety systems thoroughly proved. In January 2022, Britains Law Commission, w

31、hich reviews lawmaking, recommended that it should not be the person in the drivers seat who faces prosecution if a vehicle in autonomous mode crashes, but the manufacturer or the body that sought approval for its use.(那些更大的汽車不是受到技術(shù)的限制，而是受到監(jiān)管的限制。這意味著車上要有一名“安全司機(jī)”，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備在出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)接管工作，這很難節(jié)省勞動力。對于這些大型車輛，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)

32、希望看到安全系統(tǒng)得到徹底驗(yàn)證。2022年1月，負(fù)責(zé)審查立法的英國法律委員會建議，如果一輛處于自動駕駛模式的車輛發(fā)生事故，被起訴的不應(yīng)該是駕駛座位上的人，而是制造商或?qū)で笈鷾?zhǔn)使用該車輛的機(jī)構(gòu))”可知，第二段主要講的是大型無人駕駛汽車面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However, sidewalk robots are getting on with the job. For example, Starship Technologies, based in San Francisco, estimates it has already clocked up more th

33、an 2.5 million deliveries with robots in a number of cities, universities and business parks in Europe and America. Amazon is carrying out trials with a similar sort of machine. Kiwibot, a Colombian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in California. Udelv, a Californian firm, is developing a larg

34、er type called Transporter to operate at highway speeds.(然而，人行道機(jī)器人正在繼續(xù)這項(xiàng)工作。例如，總部位于舊金山的Starship Technologies估計(jì)，在歐洲和美國的一些城市、大學(xué)和商業(yè)園區(qū)，該公司已經(jīng)用機(jī)器人完成了超過250萬次送貨。亞馬遜正在使用類似的機(jī)器進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。哥倫比亞初創(chuàng)公司Kiwibot正在加州的人行道上提供外賣服務(wù)。加州公司Udelv正在開發(fā)一種更大的名為Transporter的機(jī)器，以高速公路的速度運(yùn)行)”可推知，作者在第三段中給出了一些例子是為了介紹人行道機(jī)器人的發(fā)展。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)

35、第二段中“Their progress can be monitored on a phone app, which also unlocks them for goods to be removed.(它們的進(jìn)程可以在一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序上監(jiān)控，該應(yīng)用程序還可以解鎖它們，以便將商品移除)”可知，人行道機(jī)器人使人們很容易跟蹤送貨過程。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Although it is a business not many are aware of, sidewalk robots are set to become an industry with annual sales

36、 of $1 billion within a decade. These four-or six-wheeled autonomous machines, usually the size of a suitcase, are already delivering groceries in America, China and Europe, which puts them ahead of many driverless cars and lorries being developed.(雖然很多人都不知道這個(gè)行業(yè)，但在十年內(nèi)，人行道機(jī)器人將成為一個(gè)年銷售額達(dá)到10億美元的行業(yè)。這些四到六

37、個(gè)輪子的自動機(jī)器，通常只有行李箱大小，已經(jīng)在美國、中國和歐洲運(yùn)送食品雜貨，這使它們領(lǐng)先于許多正在研發(fā)的無人駕駛汽車和卡車)”結(jié)合文章還介紹了大型無人駕駛汽車面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及人行道機(jī)器人的發(fā)展推知，文章可能選自雜志的“科學(xué)與技術(shù)”版面。故選C。CThey say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time actually deadlines are. New research has found that if you want someone to help you out with something, it is best not to set a

38、deadline at all. But if you do set a deadline, make it short. Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no

39、deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey was about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help. The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified

40、(明確規(guī)定). No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasnt surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared t

41、o a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified. “We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefo

42、re put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes

43、 his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”8. Why did Professor Knowles do the research?A. To study the role a deadline plays in procrastination.B. To

44、 find out whether people are interested in charity.C. To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.D. To test the effect of procrastination on task completion.9. What most likely leads to procrastination?A. No deadlines.B. Short deadlines.C. Specific deadlines.D. Long deadlines.10.

45、Why do people procrastinate when given a long deadline?A. They oppose the deadline.B. They are unwilling to act.C. They lack a sense of urgency.D. They are too busy to remember.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Procrastination the Thief of TimeB. Procrastination an Urgent

46、Problem to SolveC. Deadline a Result of ProcrastinationD. Deadline the Key to Reducing Procrastination【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們拖延與設(shè)定截止日期的時(shí)間長短有關(guān)。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. (Stephen

47、 Knowles教授在他們的研究中測試了截止日期長度對任務(wù)完成的影響)”可推知，Stephen Knowles教授做這項(xiàng)研究是為了研究設(shè)定截止日期對拖延這一行為的影響。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget (設(shè)定很長的截止日期似乎允許人們拖延，然后忘記)”可知，設(shè)定很長的截止日期最有可能導(dǎo)致拖延。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“We interpret this as evidence th

48、at specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act (我們將此解釋為，設(shè)定一個(gè)更長的截止日期，而不是一個(gè)短的截止日期或根本沒有截止日期，會消除采取行動的緊迫性)”可知，人們在擁有很長的截止日期時(shí)會拖延，主要原因是過長的截止日期會導(dǎo)致人們?nèi)狈o迫感。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第一段“They say procrastination is the thief of time actually d

49、eadlines are. (人們說拖延是時(shí)間的小偷實(shí)際上截止日期才是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?”以及第三段“specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. (與較長的截止日期相比，指定較短的截止日期可以增加收到回復(fù)的機(jī)會)”可推知，本文主要介紹了設(shè)定截止日期的長短會影響人們做事是否拖延。D項(xiàng)“Deadline the Key to Reducing Procrastination (截止日期減少拖延的關(guān)鍵)”符合文意，最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選D

50、項(xiàng)。DIf youve ever felt a rush of intense emotion, then youve probably also experienced the crash that comes when those emotions gradually become less strong. Although we usually think of exhaustion (精疲力竭) in physical terms, it can also be mental. One of the contributors to mental exhaustion is high-i

51、ntensity emotions. Too many of these high-intensity emotions, whether they are positive or negative, can lead to burnout.Psychologists divide emotions into two dimensions, which includes high and low intensity, as well as positive and negative. High-intensity positive emotions include excitement or

52、elation, while low-intensity positive emotions include calmness, or contentment. When it comes to negative emotions, high-intensity emotions include anger, anxiety, and fear, while low-intensity emotions include sadness, boredom, and tiredness.Its easy to see how high-intensity negative emotions lik

53、e anger can be exhausting. What we dont think about as much is the fact that high intensity positive emotions are also exhausting, although in a way that feels very different.Excitement, even when it is fun, involves what psychologists call “physiological arousal”- activation of our sympathetic syst

54、em. High-intensity positive emotions involve the same physiological arousal as high-intensity negative emotions. Our heart rate increases, and our sweat glands (腺) activate. Because it activates the bodys stress response, excitement can deplete our system when sustained over longer periods. In other

55、 words, high intensity - whether its from negative states or positive states- exhausts the body.About 15-20% of people are thought to be highly sensitive. As they cycle through the highs and lows of life, the increased amount of intensity leaves them more exhausted than others.This isnt to say that

56、we should never feel intense emotions. Emotional variety is an essential aspect of life, one that adds a depth and richness that we need. However, what we need to be mindful of is balance. There will be the exciting days, as well as the days when stress and anxiety are what push you through the toug

57、h times, but there are other, lower-intensity emotions that will serve us well in many other situations.12. Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. The functions of emotions.B. The definition of emotions.C. The categories of emotions.D. The expression of emotions.13. What does the underlined word “dep

58、lete” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Set off.B. Build up.C. Stand for.D. Burn out.14. How can we manage the stress of high-intensity emotions?A. Enrich our daily lives.B. Avoid intense emotions.C. Create emotional balance.D. Detect the cause of anxiety.15. Which of the following is a suitable title

59、 for the text?A. Why psychologists are more exhaustedB. How high-intensity emotions wear us outC. Why high-intensity negative emotions are tiringD. How psychologists explain the effects of emotions【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述高強(qiáng)度情緒，無論是積極的還是消極的，都會使人精疲力竭?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Psycholog

60、ists divide emotions into two dimensions, which includes high and low intensity, as well as positive and negative.”(心理學(xué)家把情緒分為兩個(gè)維度，包括高強(qiáng)度和低強(qiáng)度，以及積極和消極。)可知，這一段主要講述情緒的分類。故選C。【13題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Because it activates the bodys stress response, excitement can deplete our system when sustained over longer per