人教版(新教材)高中英語選修2Unit 1　Science and Scientists課時(shí)作業(yè)1：Grammar-Noun clause：predicative clause

1、GrammarNoun clause ： predicative clause【基礎(chǔ)鞏固】i .選用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空that； why； whether； what； as if； whatever； because； when； howYou must do whatever is best for you.The trouble is that I lost the key to my room.I am not sure whether he is willing to help me.r m a bit sleepy, it s because I was up all night.

2、Do you remember when/how/why he came here?r m wondering why you are always late for class.We think that it s necessary to talk with him again.The question discussed at the meeting was whether it was worth trying.All this was over twenty years ago, but it is as if it were only yesterday.My parents ar

3、e very kind to me and always let me do what/whatever I think I should do.IL完成句子That s why I think（那就是我認(rèn)為的原因）the trip along the Yangtze River will be a betterchoice.And you also should keep it in mind that exchanging notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study（和同學(xué)經(jīng)常交流筆記是

4、提高學(xué)習(xí)的好方法）.All the participants can get what they want（他們想要的東西）.In such a case I will insist on whatever I think is right（我認(rèn)為正確的任何事情）.To practice as much as possible is where Che secret lies（秘密所在）.You need to hand in a report, explaining how the idea occurred to you（你怎樣想至I的這個(gè)主 意）and what materials yo

5、u used.r m wondering whether/if you would like to spend this time with us（你是否愿意和我們度過 這段時(shí)光）.【能力提升】in.閱讀理解APeople have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer even though they have lifespans（壽命）that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.Now scientists believe they know why

6、. A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors（腫瘤）developing.To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants.Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy.According to the research, the

7、extra copies of the gene improved the animal s sensitivity to DNA damage, which lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors.“ An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals, “ the st

8、udy author Dr Vincent Lynch told The GuardianAf every living cell has the same chance ofbecoming cancerous（癌變的），large creatures with a long lifespan like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice.But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a c

9、onnection with body mass.This phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named Peto sparadox（悖論）” .Biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not.In the elephantJ s case, the making of TP53 is nature s

10、way of keeping this species alive.The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants.This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers spreading or even developing in the first

11、 place.“ Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer, “ said Joshua Schiffman, a biologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US. It s up to us to learn how different animals deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people. ”語篇解讀 科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，大象不

12、患癌癥是因?yàn)樗鼈兊捏w內(nèi)有很多阻止腫瘤生長的基因 TP53,人們有望通過制造TP53預(yù)防癌癥。Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?They have a rather large body size.Their genes suffer no DNA damage.Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors.They carry many genes to prevent tumors developing.K答案I DK解 析U 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后兩句u To be prec

13、ise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants.Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy.可知，大象攜帶的抗癌基因比其他物種多。應(yīng)選D。According to the passage, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?Deadly tumors.The huge body mass.Cells killing themselves.D - Sen

14、sitivity to DNA damage.K答案U AK解 析I細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句可知，腫瘤是大體積動物進(jìn)化過程的極大威脅。應(yīng)選A。What does the underlined part “This phenomenon“ in Paragraph 5 probably refer to?A. Larger animals have protection from TP53.B The risk of cancer is not related to body size.C. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as

15、 smaller ones.D. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they will have.K答案BI解 析U 詞義猜想題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass. 可知 This phenomenon 指代物種癌癥的概率和他們的 體型大小沒有關(guān)系，所以選B。What can be concluded from the passage?Depending on nature is

16、surely enough to fight against cancer.The TP53 genes have proved useful in stopping cancer in people.Humans are expected to prevent cancer with the making of TP53.The extra copies of elephants genes are used to cure cancer patients.K答案I cK解 析H 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句 It s up to us to learn how different anim

17、als deal with the problem so that we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.n 并名吉合上文陳述 的大象身上發(fā)現(xiàn)阻止腫瘤生長的基因TP53可以判斷，人們有望通過制造TP53預(yù)防癌癥。故 選C。BJapan? s biggest airline is betting that the future of travel isn t traveling at all.For the last month, a married couple has been interacting with a r

18、obot-called an Avatar-that s controlled by their daughter hundreds of miles away.Made by ANA Holdings Inc.it looks like a cleaner with an iPad attached.But the screen displays the daughter, s face as they chat, and its wheels let her move slowly about the house as though she s really there.Virtual t

19、ravel” is nothing new, of course.Storytellers, travel writers and artists have stimulating（刺激）the sense of armchair tourists for centuries.lt? s only in recent decades that frequent, safe travel has become available to the non-wealthy.Yet even as the world s middle classes climb out of the armchair

20、and into economy-class seats, there are signs of a post-travel society coming into being.Concems about sustainability（可持續(xù)開展） are having an negative influence on carbon-intensive airlines.And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to e

21、xperience the world.For the travel industry, virtual（虛擬的）reality offers an attractive response to these trend.Of course, far-out technologies encourage far-out claims.ANA doesn t plan to start selling Avatars until next year.Profits, too, will probably be difficult to achieve ： according to one inve

22、stigation, the global market for this kind of technology will be worth only about $300 million by 2023.By contrast, ANA s traditional travel business brought in more than $19 billion last year.But if the business case for virtual vacations is still weak, the market for technologies that bridge physi

23、cal distances between families and coworkers seems likely to soy expand.ANAJ s robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they 11 almost certainly be a part of travel? s high-tech future.語篇解讀 這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了日本最大的航空公司目前正在致力于開發(fā)虛擬旅 行技術(shù)。有跡象說明，一個(gè)后旅游時(shí)代正在形成，這是對富裕社會的老齡化趨勢的一個(gè)有 吸引力的回應(yīng)。但是虛擬旅行的全球市場還很

24、難預(yù)測，作者對此持樂觀態(tài)度?！癆vatar” is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to .A. display how people travel with the robot “Avatar”B introduce a new service offered by Japan s biggest airlinelead in the topic of virtual travel by providing a vivid | scenedescribe what the robot “Avatar“ looks like and how it worksK答案X cK解

25、析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句 Virtual travel? is nothing new, of course. 可知，在第一段中提到“Avatars，是為了通過提供一個(gè)生動的場景來引入虛擬旅行的話題。 應(yīng)選C。It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that people s choice of virtual travel may be the result of.the demand for safe travelwealthy people s growing oldworries about low-carbon airlinesD the su

26、pport of advanced technologiesK答案I Bk 解 析U 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的 u And the aging of wealthy societies is both slowing down physical travel and creating demand for various ways to experience the world.For the travel industry, virtual reality offers an attractive response to these trend. ” 可知，人們選擇虛擬旅行可 能是富人變老

27、的結(jié)果。應(yīng)選B。By saying u far-out technologies encourage far-out claims? , the writer means .A. traditional travel business is not profitableB global market for virtual travels is hard to predictC. the time is ripe for selling Avatars in term of technologyD. virtual travels will take the place of traditio

28、nal ones very soonK答案R BK解 析I 詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，作者說這句話的意思是虛擬旅行的全球市場 很難預(yù)測。應(yīng)選B。What s the writerJ s attitude to virtual technology?A. Uncertain.B. Cautious.C. Enthusiastic.D. Optimistic.K答案X D工解 析H 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的ANA s robots may not replace its airplanes any time soon, but they 11 almost certainly be a

29、part of travel s high-tech future. ” 可知， 作者對虛 擬技術(shù)持樂觀態(tài)度。應(yīng)選D。IV.七選五Our mind is a powerful thing, which can either improve or crush our mood.Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds, but if you re engaging in it constantly, and you believe it, it could be dest

30、roying your sense of self-esteem. 26What can you do? Here are some suggestions：Live in the momentSelf-talk is so subtle that we often don t notice its effect on our mood and belief system.Key things to notice are “ if only ” or “ what if“ statements: the former keep you stuck in the past with regret

31、, while the latter keep you fearful of the future. 27 So stay in the present moment.Visualize the good thingsIf we want to change the negative tapes playing in our heads, we have to visualize ourselves positively一that means seeing yourself non-judgmentally.How would that look? Draw a picture in your

32、 mind and expand on it.28Whatever you believe, you 11 experience more, and you 11 also find yourself behaving in ways that are congruent（致的）with your beliefs.So start believing the best about yourself: act as if you believe that you re a valuable and worthy person.Develop positive thoughts29 What ar

33、e your strengths? What are you good at? Keep your thoughts in the here-and-now.Instead of saying T m not good enough，try saying “I am capable.I accept myself the way I am. ”Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely self-limiting. 30Pay attention to the causeRecognize that actions always follow beliefsThere is nothing you can do about the past