計(jì)算機(jī)組成與設(shè)計(jì)第五版答案

1、計(jì)算機(jī)組成與設(shè)計(jì)：計(jì)算機(jī)組成與設(shè)計(jì)是2010年機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社出版的圖書， 作者是帕特森(DavidA.Patterson)。該書講述的是采用了一個(gè)MIPS 處理器來展示計(jì)算機(jī)硬件技術(shù)、流水線、存儲(chǔ)器的層次結(jié)構(gòu)以及I/O 等基本功能。此外，該書還包括一些關(guān)于x86架構(gòu)的介紹。內(nèi)容簡介：這本最暢銷的計(jì)算機(jī)組成書籍經(jīng)過全面更新，關(guān)注現(xiàn)今發(fā)生在計(jì) 算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)領(lǐng)域的革命性變革：從單處理器發(fā)展到多核微處理器。 此外，出版這本書的ARM版是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)嵌入式系統(tǒng)對(duì)于全亞洲計(jì)算 行業(yè)的重要性，并采用ARM處理器來討論實(shí)際計(jì)算機(jī)的指令集和算 術(shù)運(yùn)算。因?yàn)锳RM是用于嵌入式設(shè)備的最流行的指令集架構(gòu)，而全 世界每年約

2、銷售40億個(gè)嵌入式設(shè)備。采用ARMv6( ARM 11系列)為主要架構(gòu)來展示指令系統(tǒng)和計(jì) 算機(jī)算術(shù)運(yùn)算的基本功能。覆蓋從串行計(jì)算到并行計(jì)算的革命性變革，新增了關(guān)于并行化的 一章，并且每章中還有一些強(qiáng)調(diào)并行硬件和軟件主題的小節(jié)。新增一個(gè)由NVIDIA的首席科學(xué)家和架構(gòu)主管撰寫的附錄，介紹 了現(xiàn)代GPU的出現(xiàn)和重要性，首次詳細(xì)描述了這個(gè)針對(duì)可視計(jì)算進(jìn) 行了優(yōu)化的高度并行化、多線程、多核的處理器。描述一種度量多核性能的獨(dú)特方法一一“Roofline model”， 自帶 benchmark測試和分析 AMD Opteron X4、Intel Xeo 5000、 Sun Ultra SPARC T2

3、和 IBM Cell 的性能。涵蓋了一些關(guān)于閃存和虛擬機(jī)的新內(nèi)容。提供了大量富有啟發(fā)性 的練習(xí)題，內(nèi)容達(dá)200多頁。將AMD Opteron X4和Intel Nehalem作為貫穿計(jì)算機(jī)組成 與設(shè)計(jì):硬件/軟件接口（英文版第4版ARM版）的實(shí)例。用SPEC CPU2006組件更新了所有處理器性能實(shí)例。圖書目錄：Computer Abstractions and TechnologyIntroductionBelowYour ProgramUnder the CoversPerformanceThe Power WallThe Sea Change: The Switch from Unipr

4、ocessors to MultiprocessorsReal Stuff: Manufacturing and Benchmarking the AMD Opteron X4Fallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesInstructions: Language of the ComputerIntroductionOperations of the Computer HardwareOperands of the Computer HardwareSig

5、ned and Unsigned NumbersRepresenting Instructions in the ComputerLogical OperationsInstructions for Making DecisionsSupporting Procedures in Computer HardwareCommunicating with PeopleARM Addressing for 32-Bit Immediates and More Complex Addressing ModesParallelism and Instructions: SynchronizationTr

6、anslating and Starting a ProgramA C Sort Example to Put lt AU TogetherArrays versus PointersAdvanced Material: Compiling C and Interpreting JavaReal Stuff. MIPS InstructionsReal Stuff: x86 InstructionsFallacies and PitfallsConduding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesArithmeti

7、c for ComputersIntroductionAddition and SubtractionMultiplicationDivisionFloating PointParallelism and Computer Arithmetic: AssociativityReal Stuff: Floating Point in the x86Fallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesThe ProcessorIntroductionLogic Desi

8、gn ConventionsBuilding a DatapathA Simple Implementation SchemeAn Overview of PipeliningPipelined Datapath and ControlData Hazards: Forwarding versus StallingControl HazardsExceptionsParallelism and Advanced Instruction-LevelParallelismReal Stuff: theAMD OpteronX4( Barcelona)PipelineAdvanced Topic:

9、an Introduction to Digital Design Using a Hardware Design Language to Describe and Model a Pipelineand More Pipelining IllustrationsFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesLarge and Fast: Exploiting Memory HierarchyIntroductionThe Basics of CachesMe

10、asuring and Improving Cache PerformanceVirtual MemoryA Common Framework for Memory HierarchiesVirtual MachinesUsing a Finite-State Machine to Control a Simple CacheParallelism and Memory Hierarchies: Cache CoherenceAdvanced Material: Implementing Cache ControllersReal Stuff: the AMD Opteron X4 ( Bar

11、celona ) andIntel NehalemMemory HierarchiesFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesStorage and Other I/0 TopicsIntroductionDependability, Reliability, and AvailabilityDisk StorageFlash StorageConnecting Processors, Memory, and I/O DevicesInterfacing

12、 I/O Devices to the Processor, Memory, andOperating SystemI/O Performance Measures: Examples from Disk and File SystemsDesigning an I/O SystemParallelism and I/O: Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive DisksReal Stuff: Sun Fire x4150 ServerAdvanced Topics: NetworksFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHi

13、storical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesMulticores, Multiprocessors, and ClustersIntroductionThe Difficulty of Creating Parallel Processing ProgramsShared Memory MultiprocessorsClusters and Other Message-Passing MultiprocessorsHardware Multithreading 63SISD,MIMD，SIMD，SPMD，and VectorIntroduc

14、tion to Graphics Processing UnitsIntroduction to Multiprocessor Network TopologiesMultiprocessor BenchmarksRoofline : A Simple Performance ModelReal Stuff: Benchmarking Four Multicores Using theRooflineMuddFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesInu

15、exC D-ROM CONTENTA Graphics and Computing GPUSA.1 IntroductionA.2 GPU System ArchitecturesA.3 Scalable Parallelism-Programming GPUSA.4 Multithreaded Multiprocessor ArchitectureA.5 Paralld Memory System G.6 Floating PointA.6 Floating Point ArithmeticA.7 Real Stuff: The NVIDIA GeForce 8800A.8 Real Stu

16、ff: MappingApplications to GPUsA.9 Fallacies and PitflaUsA.10 Conduding RemarksA.1l HistoricalPerspectiveandFurtherReadingB1 ARM and Thumb Assembler InstructionsB1.1 Using This AppendixB1.2 SyntaxB1.3 Alphabetical List ofARM and Thumb InstructionsB1.4 ARM Asembler Quick ReferenceB1.5 GNU Assembler Q

17、uick ReferenceB2 ARM and Thumb Instruction EncodingsB3 Intruction Cycle TimingsC The Basics of Logic DesignD Mapping Control to HardwareADVANCED CONTENTHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES & FURTHER READINGTUTORIALSSOFTWARE作者簡介：David A.Patterson，加州大學(xué)伯克利分校計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)系教授。 美國國家工程研究院院士。IEEE和ACM會(huì)士。曾因成功的啟發(fā)式教 育方法被IEEE授予James H.Mulligan，Jr教育獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。他因?yàn)閷?duì)RISC 技術(shù)的貢獻(xiàn)而榮獲1 995年IEEE技術(shù)成就獎(jiǎng)，而在RAID技術(shù)方面 的成就為他贏得了 1999年IEEE Reynold Johnson信息存儲(chǔ)獎(jiǎng)。 2000 年他 13John L.Hennessy 分享了 John von Neumann 獎(jiǎng)。John L.Hennessy，斯坦福大學(xué)校長，IEEE和ACM會(huì)士。美國 國家工程研究院院士及美國科學(xué)藝術(shù)研究院院士。Hennessy教授因 為在RISC技術(shù)方面做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)而榮獲2001年的 Eckert-Mauchly獎(jiǎng)?wù)?他