精選商務(wù)英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試術(shù)語解釋

1、商務(wù)英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試術(shù)語解釋商務(wù)英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試術(shù)語解釋1. global company : 跨國公司-a company that integrates its international biz activities- A multinational corporation or multinational enterprise is an organization, that owned or controls productions of goods or services in one or more countries other than the home country. 維

2、基百科2. joint venture : 合資企業(yè)-a partnership that is formed by two or more parties cooperating in some special biz activities.- a business or project in which two or more companies or individuals have invested, with the intention of working together. 柯林斯詞典3. merger & acquisition : 并購-combining of two or

3、 more entities through the direct acquisition by the net assets of the other.- transactions in which the ownership of HYPERLINK /wiki/Company o Company companies, other HYPERLINK /wiki/Business_organization o Business organization business organizations or their operating units are transferred or co

4、mbined.4. distribution channel: 分銷渠道；銷售渠道-all the organizations and people involved in the physical movement of goods and services from producer to consumer. 5. listed company : 上市公司-a company whose shares have been quoted by the Stock Exchange.- A public company, publicly traded company, publicly h

5、eld company, publicly listed company, or public corporation is a HYPERLINK /wiki/Corporation o Corporation corporation whose ownership is dispersed among the general public in many shares of HYPERLINK /wiki/Stock o Stock stock which are freely traded on a HYPERLINK /wiki/Stock_exchange o Stock excha

6、nge stock exchange or in HYPERLINK /wiki/Over-the-counter_(finance) o Over-the-counter (finance) over the counter markets場外交易市場. 維基百科6. Industrial complex : 工業(yè)生產(chǎn)基地-a manufacturing area that consists of many different factories turning out different products.7. brand recognition : 品牌認(rèn)知度；品牌識(shí)別-a produc

7、t or products that has or have been recognized and appreciated by local consumers.8. specialty shop : 專賣店-an outlet that deals in or sells a particular line of products.9. household name 家喻戶曉的名字- a brand, person, company, etc. that is known to all or very popular in a place.10. loss-maker : 虧損企業(yè)-a b

8、iz that continually makes no profit.11. home country : 祖國，母國-the country on which a multinational corporations HQs is based.12. quota : 配額，定額，限額-a restriction on the quantity of imports of a particular product that a country impose.13. market economy : 市場經(jīng)濟(jì)-an economy in which the market is used to

9、determine resource allocation, prices, and investments.14. new economy : 新經(jīng)濟(jì)-a different form of economy that is mainly supported by IT sector and characterized by knowledge-based economy instead of manufacturing.- an economic system that is based on computers and modern technology, and is therefore

10、 dependent on educated workers. 朗文詞典15. labor force : 勞動(dòng)力-all of the people in a country or in a region that are employed or are likely to be employed in the future.16. bubble economy : -an economy that primarily depends on banking, financial market and other transient短暫的 operation.17. venture capit

11、al : 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本-funds that are invested in new plants or hi-tech startups open to large risk of loss.- Venture capital is capital that is invested in projects that have a high risk of failure, but that will bring large profits if they are successful.柯林斯詞典18. biz cycle : 商業(yè)周期-A period of time that a biz go

12、es through consists of four stages-boom繁榮, recession衰退, depression蕭條, recovery復(fù)蘇.19. stock market : 股票交易；證券市場，股票市場-a stock exchange that deals in stocks and shares.- the business of buying and selling stocks and shares.- a place where stocks and shares are bought and sold. 朗文詞典20. product life cycle

13、 : 產(chǎn)品生命周期-a theory stating that certain kinds of products go through a cycle consisting of four stages, namely, introduction投入期, growth成長期, maturity 飽和期and decline衰退期.21. Seed money=seed capital啟動(dòng)資金-the initial equity capital 股本used to start a new venture or biz.- the money you have available to sta

14、rt a new business. 朗文詞典22. liquidity 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)-available cash or the capacity to obtain it on demand.- In finance, a companys liquidity is the amount of cash or liquid assets it has easily available. 資產(chǎn)折現(xiàn)力23. exchange rate 匯率-the amount of one currency that can be bought with another.- the value of the m

15、oney of one country compared to the money of another country。24. multinational company 跨國公司-a very large organization that owns companies in more than one country in order to obtain low-cost raw materials and make efficient use of a local workforce.25. money market 貨幣市場，金融市場-the institutions and pra

16、ctices through which short-term funds are channeled to borrowers and entrepreneurs.- A countrys money market consists of all the banks and other organizations that deal with short-term loans, capital, and foreign exchange. 柯林斯詞典- all the banks and other institutions that buy, sell, lend, or borrow m

17、oney, especially foreign money, for profit. 朗文詞典26. collateral擔(dān)保物，抵押品-property or an item of value acceptable as security抵押品 for a loan or other obligation. 被接受作為抵押或其他義務(wù)擔(dān)保的財(cái)產(chǎn)- property or other goods that you promise to give someone if you cannot pay back the money they lend you. 朗文詞典27. Dow-Jones I

18、ndustrial Average 道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)-an index of the share prices quoted on the New York Stock Exchange for a group of 30 leading industrial companies. 28. Blue chip 藍(lán)籌股，優(yōu)質(zhì)股票-a stock that sells at high price because of public confidence in its long record of steady earnings.29. Nasdaq : 納斯達(dá)克-national associa

19、tion of securities dealers automated quotations.全國證券交易商自動(dòng)報(bào)價(jià)系統(tǒng)協(xié)會(huì)- The Nasdaq Stock Market is an American HYPERLINK /wiki/Stock_exchange o Stock exchange stock exchange. It is the HYPERLINK /wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges l Major_stock_exchanges o List of stock exchanges second-largest exchange in the w

20、orld by HYPERLINK /wiki/Market_capitalization o Market capitalization market capitalization, behind only the HYPERLINK /wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange o New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange 紐約證券交易所located in the same city. 維基百科30. (insurance) policy 保險(xiǎn)單 -the printed legal document stating t

21、he terms of insurance contract that is issued to the policy holder投保人 by company31. public relations 公共關(guān)系，公關(guān) -PR, the activity of keeping good relationships between an organization and the people outside it.32. depression : 蕭條，不景氣-a period of drastic decline in a national or international economy, c

22、haracterized by decreasing biz activity, falling prices, and unemployment.國家或國際經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的一段時(shí)期，其特征是商業(yè)活動(dòng)減少、價(jià)格下降、失業(yè)。33. Trade deficit 貿(mào)易赤字-imports minus exports of goods and services.34. Speculation投機(jī) -engagements in risky biz transactions on the chances of quick or considerable profit35. Value added tax 增

23、值稅-an indirect tax imposed on consumption that is reflective of the incremental 增值的increases on the value of goods through the chain of production, from the raw material phase to final consumption.增值稅是向消費(fèi)征收的間接稅，它反映了商品從原材料到最終消費(fèi)的整個(gè)生產(chǎn)過程中的增加值。36. Fair trade 公平貿(mào)易-trade that conforms to a fair-trade agree

24、ment37. Subsidy 補(bǔ)貼-a payment or contribution paid for the manufacture, production, or export of a good or product.- financial benefit direct or indirect from government to producers or exporters.38. Rebate 減稅，折扣 -a deduction from an amount to be paid or a return of part of an amount given in payment

25、.39. tax exemption免稅 -the freedom for having to pay tax40. FDI外國直接投資 -the funds committed to a foreign enterprise. An investor who buys 10 percent or more of the controlling shares of a foreign enterprise makes a direct investment. The investor may gain partial or total control of the enterprise.41.

26、 free trade 自由貿(mào)易-trade between nations without protective customs tariff.42. tariff 關(guān)稅-duties or a duty imposed by a government on imported or exported goods.43. globalization 全球化-the increasing worldwide integration of markets for goods, services and capital that attracted special attention in the

27、late 1990s.44. anti-dumping duty反傾銷稅-tariff levied on dumped imports.45. trade barrier 貿(mào)易壁壘-any barrier that may impede the import of goods, such as quota, testing or certification.46. import substitution 進(jìn)口替代 -a strategy which emphasizes the replacement of imports with domestically made goods, rath

28、er than the production of goods for export, to encourage the development of domestic industry.47. arbitration 仲裁-the process by which the parties to a dispute submit their differences to the judgment of an impartial person or a group appointed by mutual consent or statutory provision指定條款48. balance

29、sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表, 縮寫 B.S.-a financial statement that reports the assets and equities of a company at a particular time. 一個(gè)公司或機(jī)構(gòu)在指定日期的資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債和所有者投資的列表說明。49. return 收益-a profit or yield, as from labor or investment.50. cash flow現(xiàn)金流-The cash receipts or net income from one or more assets for a given period, r

30、eckoned after taxes and other disbursements, and often used as a measure of corporate worth.現(xiàn)金流出量：在特定的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)來自一項(xiàng)或數(shù)項(xiàng)財(cái)產(chǎn)，扣除稅收和其它支付金額外所得的現(xiàn)金收入或凈收入，常用來衡量公司的價(jià)值51. labor-intensive 勞動(dòng)密集型-requiring or having a large expenditure of labor in comparison to capital52. net earnings 凈收益，凈盈利-the net profit after all

31、costs and expenses have been deducted.53. productivity 生產(chǎn)力 -the rate at which goods or services are produced, especially output per unit of labor.54. market share 市場份額-the proportion of total sales volumes of a certain market that a company captures.55. workforce 勞動(dòng)力, 工人總數(shù): the group of people who w

32、ork in an industry, company, country.56. income disparity : inequality in income distribution.57. equity資產(chǎn)，股本 : common stock普通股 and preferred stock優(yōu)先股 which represent ownership to a biz organization58. outsource外協(xié)生產(chǎn) : to farm out包出 (work, for example) to an outside provider or manufacturer in order

33、to cut cost. 外界供給：為縮減開支而把如工作包給外界的供給者或生產(chǎn)者59. lead time訂貨至交貨的時(shí)間-the period of time between the actual ordering of parts or equipment and the delivery of them.60. acquisition收購 -when a company takes over another one and clearly becomes the new owner, the purchase is called an acquisition, also called t

34、akeover or buyout.61. initial public offering (IPO) 首次公開發(fā)行 -private companys first offer of its stock to the public62. merger 合并-the union or combination of two or more commercial interests or corporations.63. liquidity squeeze流動(dòng)性短缺，頭寸緊張-financial pressure caused by shortages of narrowing economic margins. - a reduction in the general availability of loans (or credit) or a sudden tightening of the conditions required to obtain a loan from the banks. 維基百科64. reverse merger(借殼上市)-it is a special kind of acquisition that