美國(guó)飲食文化

1、美國(guó)飲食文化 美國(guó)的餐飲多元化，大城市中有世界各地風(fēng)味的餐館。歐洲餐廳以法國(guó)和意大利餐館為主，這些地方環(huán)境很好，價(jià)格也較高；中餐館遍布全美，以廣東餐館為主，多售賣海鮮類菜肴，價(jià)格適中；其他還有日本、印度、中東、拉美和東南亞餐館。比較富有美國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)靥厣膭t是快餐，如以麥當(dāng)勞為代表的漢堡包餐廳、以肯德基為代表的炸雞餐廳，此外還有出售披薩、三明治和熱狗的快餐店。在正規(guī)餐廳里就餐后要付1020%的小費(fèi)，而在快餐廳里就不必付小費(fèi)了?？傮w來說，吃快餐比較節(jié)省開支。 飲食文化The species of food 食物種類 Eating Custom and Practice 用餐習(xí)慣Fast Food 快餐

2、食品Fast-food chains，American-style， are currently on the increase all over the worldMost of these places work on a similar principle There is a long counter ， above which is displayed a list（often with pictures） of the items available， and behind which several people（often students working for the mi

3、nimum wage）are serving Individual queues form in front of each assistant You receive what you order more or less immediately and take it on a tray to a table， picking up thing like straws（吸管）， pepper， salt， ketchup（蕃茄醬），pickles（泡菜）and napkins（usually paper napkins） on the wayIf you cant see any kniv

4、es and forks ， this means you are supposed to eat with your handsIf you cant see any straws， thats because they are hiding in the straw dispenser（分配器） that you have to fiddle（撥弄） with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time）to emergeWhen youve finished， you yourself throw away everything excep

5、t the trayMany fast-food places have drive-in facilitiesYou place your order from your car via （通過） a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out， and you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked ove

6、r the door through the open windowYou may be asked if your order is “for here” or “to go ”（ieto take away）In some states there is no sales tax on food consumedChips 油炸土豆片Chips in America are called “French fries” or “fries ”for short（Note that in the USA “ chips” mean crisps）“French fries” are norma

7、lly thinner than chipsAmericans generally put ketchup on their chips ，and you will not normally find vinegar（醋）Pizzas（意大利式）烘焰餅There are many specialty pizza restaurants in America， and many of them take telephone orders and deliver pizzas to your home， which can often be convenientThey come in diffe

8、rent sizes， and a large one can be big enough for a party of four peopleIf you want to share a pizza but cant agree on the ingredients ， it is possible to order two different sets of toppings ，one set on each halfIce-Cream 冰淇淋Shops selling large number of different flavors of ice-cream are very comm

9、on in America If you are not sure what flavor ( 味道) you want ，generally you can sle a small spoonful of a particular flavor to see if you like it You can either have your ice-cream in a “plain cone”（普通型錐形物） or in a “sugar cone”（甜脆型錐形物）Soft Drinks 軟飲料Fast-food restaurants do not serve alcoholThe soft

10、 drinks most often sold are Coca-Cola and PepsiCola， plus fizzy drinks （which are like lemonade）and root beer （which is like cough medicine）Fizzy drinks are known as “carbonated beverages”（碳酸飲料） or ，more colloquially，“soda”，“pop”，“soda pop”，and “soft drinks”All these drinks come with lost of ice In

11、fact， you will probably find as much ice as drink in your drinkIf you ask for a soft drink without ice， they will think you are funny but will probably oblige（They may charge you a bit extra， for ice is cheaper than Coke） The Big Apple：來到美國(guó)，說到吃，肯定很多人的第一個(gè)反應(yīng)是The Big Apple，不過千萬別誤會(huì)，這可是你吃不了的蘋果，它其實(shí)是紐約市的“昵

12、稱”。如果你旅游的目的地是The Big Apple，那我們可要說Congratulations（恭喜）了，那可是個(gè)美食之都。Hero：首先，你該到飯店去點(diǎn)一份hero。別擔(dān)心，服務(wù)生不會(huì)當(dāng)你是“吃英雄”的瘋子。Hero是紐約人管大個(gè)兒意大利潛水艇三明治的叫法。當(dāng)然，如果你一下子吃了十個(gè)Heroes，可能別人就會(huì)說話了：“Look at that strange gal！Shes really out in left field！”這里，out in left field 專門用來形容那些古怪或者是莫名其妙的人。Surf nTurf：當(dāng)然，美食并不只是在紐約才有，如果你有興趣，不妨到“天使之城

13、”洛杉磯逛一圈，Surf nTurf就是一種在洛杉磯非常普及的美食，其中主食是海鮮及牛排，可能會(huì)比較貴，但還有很多叫“dives”的便宜餐廳，你可以以合理的價(jià)格買到這種美食。Taco Stand：Taco Stand是另一種在洛杉磯及附近的加州城市都很常見的美食，tacos來自于拉丁美洲，但在美國(guó)加州也非常的流行?！皊tand”是一種街邊小攤，你可以在那兒買到一些速食。一般這要比McDonalds（麥當(dāng)勞）或是Burger King（漢堡王）那樣的速食連鎖店要便宜，但是食物要可口的多哦！ Franks：在美國(guó)的街頭，你經(jīng)常會(huì)碰到一些Street vendors（街頭小販）高嚷著“Franks”

14、，這時(shí)候你可千萬別以為他們?cè)趯ふ颐蠪rank的人，F(xiàn)ranks在這里是“熱狗”的意思。這些小販就正在Selling Hot dogs（賣熱狗）。到餐廳點(diǎn)荷包蛋的講法是 sunny side up, 因?yàn)楹砂翱雌饋硎遣皇呛軜右粋€(gè)小學(xué)生畫的太陽? Eating Custom and Practice用餐習(xí)慣American eating is funny. They eat almost everything with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in ones right hand longer than a few seconds

15、 is considered to be against good table manners.The system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only

16、then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可笑), but it is considered good manners.There are several results of this system. First, if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife, Americans dont use one, because obviously this greatly complicates(使復(fù)雜化) things, and y

17、ou will therefore see them trying to cut things like potatoes, fish and even bacon(熏豬肉) with a fork. Second, towards the end of a course, since only one implement(器具) is being used, food has to be chased around the plate with the fork and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the fo

18、od in place, although one is not supposed to do this.Third, tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks, the outside fork being for the salad. There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only a fork, but if you do use your knife, remem

19、ber to save it for the meat course. Even desserts(甜食) (except ice cream) are eaten with a fork if at all possible, and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee (but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).Some Breakfast Dishes 早餐食譜Breakfast in a restaurant is a ve

20、ry enjoyable experience. If you order eggs in a restaurant, the waiter/waitress will ask you how you want them . You can reply that you want them scrambled(炒) or boiled. It is not sufficient, however, to ask for them fried; you will have to specify whether you would prefer them sunny-side-up (煎一面), over(兩面煎), over-easy/easy-over(兩面煎，但蛋黃仍然呈流體狀). American sausage(香腸) comes in slices and is quite spicy. But you can also have link sausage.American bacon comes in small strips, can be rather fat, and is served crispy. It is usually very