名詞性從句總復(fù)習(xí)

1、單位：湖北省荊門姓名：李國(guó)E_mail： HYPERLINK mailto: liguo619 名詞性從句總復(fù)習(xí)一、名詞性從句的意義和種類在句中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句。由于名詞通常在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，所以名詞性從句也包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句合同位語(yǔ)從句。二、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞從屬連詞：that, whether, if （純連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）疑問(wèn)代詞: what, which, who/whom/whose（在從句中充當(dāng)成分：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等）疑問(wèn)副詞: when, where, why, how，whenever, wherever等（

2、在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)）復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞：what, whoever, whomever, whosever，whichever (在從句中充當(dāng)成分：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等)另外，how + 形容詞/副詞 也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，如how old, how long, how soon, how far, how fast, how often等, which / what + 名次也可引導(dǎo)名詞從句。三、關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選用1、從句中有何疑問(wèn)就用相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)從句。 e.g. _where he lives. (她在那兒住) what she is. (她是干什么的) I dont know how old she

3、is. (她多大年紀(jì)) why she hasnt come yet.(她為什么還沒(méi)來(lái)) who she is looking for.(她在找誰(shuí)) whether she will come tomorrow.(她明天會(huì)不會(huì)來(lái)) 2、從句中無(wú)任何疑問(wèn)時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)從句。e.g. She promised that she would buy me a present for my birthday. She said that she didnt know the news.3、從句中若含有“ 的東西， 的事情，的話; 的”等則需用what引導(dǎo)從句。e.g. 1)我收回我說(shuō)的話。 I ta

4、ke back what I said. 2）我在那里看見(jiàn)的與我聽(tīng)到的情況大不一樣。 What I saw there was quite different from what I had heard. 最使我吃驚的是他贏得了一等獎(jiǎng)。What surprised me most was that he won the first prize . (what 作從句主語(yǔ)) 4、一個(gè)從句只能用一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。找出下列從句中多余的引導(dǎo)詞：1）That whether youll succeed depends on how hard you work.2) She asked me that why

5、I was absent from class yesterday.3) The giant made a promise that if anybody could set him free from the kettle he would make him king of the earth. 5、no matter + 疑問(wèn)詞 不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 No matter who breaks the law must be punished. (錯(cuò)) Whoever (=Anyone who) breaks the law must be punished. (對(duì))

6、Her father loves her so much that he always gives her whatever she wants. (對(duì)) Her father loves her so much that he always gives her no matter what she wants. (錯(cuò)) Yao Ming is warmly welcomed wherever he goes. (對(duì)) Yao Ming is warmly welcomed no matter where he goes. (對(duì))四、須注意的幾點(diǎn)1. if 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從

7、句。2. 主語(yǔ)是 reason 的表語(yǔ)從句要用 that 引導(dǎo)，而不用 because。 e.g. The reason why he was absent is that he missed his flight.3動(dòng)詞 doubt 用在疑問(wèn)句或否定句時(shí)，其后賓語(yǔ)從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句時(shí)，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。Do you doubt that he will win ? 你難道懷疑他將取勝 ? I dont doubt that your proposition is wrong . 我相信你的建議是錯(cuò)的。He doubt wheth

8、er I know it . 他懷疑我知道了此事。4在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的that不可以省略。在賓語(yǔ)從句中的that可以省略。 以下句子中，可省略that的有（ ） 1）It is certain that he will succeed. 2）My problem is that I am short of money. 3）They believe that he has left the city. 4）I am glad that you passed the exam.但是，并列的第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略。例如： 5）She said (that) Mr

9、Black was a strict but kind teacher and that they all loved and respected him.(第二個(gè)that 不能省略) 5主語(yǔ)從句?？捎肐t isthat句型改寫。 其中It是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的從句才是真正的主語(yǔ)。 That the earth is round is true.= Its ture that the earth is round.6無(wú)論名詞性從句中有何疑問(wèn)，它的語(yǔ)序永遠(yuǎn)為陳述語(yǔ)序。Do you know when he will come back ? 知道他何時(shí)回來(lái)嗎 ?7正確掌握名詞性從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)

10、態(tài)。這是學(xué)習(xí)和掌握名詞性從句的難題之一，在名詞性從句中重點(diǎn)是賓語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。A. 若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來(lái)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)句意用它所需要的任何狀態(tài)。Will you tell me how you learned English well ? 告訴我你怎么學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的，好嗎 ? I think hell be back in an hour . 我想一小時(shí)后他會(huì)來(lái)的。B. 若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞須用過(guò)去的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。I thought they were having lessons . 我想他們正在上課。She said she had done her homework . 她說(shuō)她已做完了作業(yè)。Mary said she would help me with my English . 瑪麗說(shuō)她將幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。C. 賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)客觀真理，不論主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。The teacher told us light travels faster than sound . 老師告訴我們光的速度比聲音快。8. 否定轉(zhuǎn)移問(wèn)題。在主句為第一人稱主語(yǔ)后跟 think , believe , suppose , expect , guess , imagine 等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，賓