高考英語一輪復習-Unit2-Working-the-land課件-新人教版必修4

1、話題Important people，history and methods of agriculture(農業(yè)科學家、農業(yè)的歷史和農業(yè)耕作)功能Persuasion(說服；勸說)語法The ving form as the Subject and Object(動詞的ing形式作主語和賓語的用法)重點單詞struggle，decade，hunger，disturbing，super，output，circulate，expand，battle，freedom，therefore，equip，export，chemical，confuse，regret，mineral，focus，reduce

2、，rid，production，bacteria，summary，nutrition，skim，underline，comment重點短語rid.of，be satisfied with，thanks to，would rather，build up，lead to，focus on，keep.free from/of重點句型1.Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.2This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce onethird more of the

3、 crop in the same fields.3Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.4He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.1struggle v&n.掙扎；努力；奮斗；斗爭；艱難地進行歸納拓展(1)struggle to do sth.努力做某事；掙扎著做某事struggle against/with同作斗爭struggle to ones feet掙扎著站起來struggle for 為而斗爭；努

4、力爭取struggle on掙扎著，堅持下去(2)with a struggle 費勁地They had to learn to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他們不得不學會與各種困難作斗爭。The boy struggled to his feet before I ran over.我還沒來得及跑過去，這個男孩就掙扎著站起來了。The people of this country will continue to struggle for independence.這個國家的人民將繼續(xù)為他們的獨立而斗爭。Weve lost

5、two of our best players but were struggling on.我們失去了兩名最好的隊員，但我們仍在努力堅持著。After a short struggle I got the knife off him.經過短暫的搏斗，我從他手里奪過了刀子。【鏈接訓練】However impressive the record is，it fades next to the story of Armstrongs struggle _ disease.Aagainst Bfor Cfrom Dto【解析】struggle against disease“同病魔作斗爭”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

6、AWe are engaged in a bitter _ against the enemy to seize the city.Astruggle BwarCconflict Dfight【解析】fight 意為“打斗，打架”；conflict 意為“沖突”；war 意為國家間的全面“戰(zhàn)爭”；struggle 意為“較長時期的、激烈的爭斗”，符合題意?！敬鸢浮緼2expand vt.& vi. 擴大，增加；使變大；使增強；使膨脹；闡述；細談歸納拓展(1)expand into/in.使擴大，變大；把擴展expand on/upon 闡述，詳談(2)o.把擴展/發(fā)展成(3

7、)expansive adj.易擴張的；易膨脹的；廣闊的expansion n. 擴張；膨脹；擴大；發(fā)展Metals expand when they are heated.金屬受熱則膨脹。A childs vocabulary expands through reading.孩子的詞匯量通過閱讀得到擴大。The small pocket dictionary was expanded into a larger volume.該袖珍詞典被擴展為較大的詞典。He expanded on/upon his new plan.他詳述了他的新計劃。同類辨析expand，extend，spread，s

8、tretch與enlarge(1)expand展開，擴大，使膨脹；不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴大。(2)extend伸長，延伸，指空間范圍等的擴大，以及長度、寬度的向外延伸，也可指時間的延長。(3)spread伸開，傳播，一般指向四面八方擴大傳播的范圍，如傳播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。(4)stretch伸展，拉長，一般指由曲變直、由短變長的伸展，不是加長。(5)enlarge指面積、體積和范圍的擴大以及能力的增長，不能用來指重量、速度、時間等?！炬溄佑柧殹坑?expand 的適當形式填空A tyre _ when it is pumped air.The _ of gases us

9、ually depends on the temperature.Now the _ land is becoming smaller and smaller.【答案】expandedexpansionexpansive3equip vt.裝備；配備歸納拓展(1)equip.for sth./to do sth.為了(做)而裝備equip.with.用裝備，使裝(具)備equip oneself 整裝，預備行裝(2)be equipped for準備好，對有準備be equipped with裝(配)備；安裝be fully/specially/poorly/well equipped裝備齊全

10、/獨特/簡陋/完好(3)equipment nU裝備；設備a piece of equipment (不可用 an equipment)A good education should equip you for life.良好的教育能使你受用終生。Its time to equip yourself for the journey abroad.你該準備出國的行裝了。Our classroom is equipped with a TV set and a tape recorder.我們的教室里裝有一臺電視機和一臺錄音機。Our school has been given some new

11、equipment.我們學校接收了一些贈送的新設備?！炬溄佑柧殹縏he explorers were told to _ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage.Aassociate Bequip Crelate Dfeed【解析】考查短語equip.with.“用裝備”。句意為：探險家們被告知他們要自己準備好出航所需要的所有設備。associate.with.“聯想，聯系”；relate.to.“與有關系/相關”；feed sb./sth. on sth. “用喂養(yǎng)”。均與題意不符。【答案】B4regret vt.惋

12、惜；遺憾n遺憾；懊悔歸納拓展(1)regret to do sth.(常和tell，say，inform等動詞連用)對將要做某事表示遺憾regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regretthatclause遺憾(2)feel regret for對感到后悔to ones regret令某人感到遺憾的是Its to be regretted that.令人遺憾的是with great/deep regret很遺憾I regret to tell you that you are dismissed.我很遺憾地告訴你，你被開除了。He regretted spending so much

13、time on computer games.他后悔在玩電腦游戲方面花了這么多時間。We regret that we are unable to reconsider your case.我們很遺憾無法再考慮你的情況。It was with deep regret that they reported the deaths of thousands of people in the earthquake.他們很遺憾地報道了地震中成千上萬人的死訊?！炬溄佑柧殹縚，I failed in the driving test.ATo my joy BTo my sadCTo my happy DTo

14、 my regret【解析】to onesn.結構表“令某人的是”，B、C本身形式不對，另由題意可知D為正確選項?！敬鸢浮緿You were brave enough to raise objections(反對)at the meeting.Well，now I regret _ that.Ato do Bto be doingCto have done Dhaving done【解析】regret后接動名詞表示“后悔做過某事”；后接不定式時，表示“為將要做的事表示遺憾或歉意”。根據句意可知答話者后悔在會議上提出反對意見，故正確答案為D?！敬鸢浮緿5focus n集中點，焦點，調焦；興趣或注

15、意力的中心vt.&vi.(使)聚焦，(使)集中精力于歸納拓展(1)focus ones eyes/energy/mind/attention on sth.把某人的眼神/精力/思想/注意力集中于某物(2)focus on/upon sth.(某人)把注意力集中于某物(3)out of focus模糊不清/焦點沒有對準的in focus清晰的/焦點對準的bring o focus使成為關注的焦點the focus of attention/concern注意力/關注的焦點We should focus our mind on work.我們應集中精力工作。I quickly foc

16、used the camera on the person in the middle of the group.我迅速把照相機的鏡頭對準人群中央的那個人。The issue of traffic safety has been brought sharply into focus this week.交通安全問題本周突然成為人們關注的焦點。This photo of John isnt in focus；I cant see his face clearly.約翰的這張照片不清晰，我不能看清他的臉?！炬溄佑柧殹縏he action of the play is _ the struggle

17、between the two women.Acentred on Bsituated onClocated in Dfocused on【解析】句意為：這出戲的情節(jié)主要集中在這兩個女人的斗爭上。focus on“集中于上”，符合題意。【答案】D6reduce vt. 縮減，減少；使處于狀態(tài)(表示此種意義時，常用于被動語態(tài))；使變弱；使降職(級)歸納拓展(1)reduce sth.(from sth.) to.把減少到reduce sth.(from sth.) by.把減少了be reduced to.淪落為be reduced to despair 陷入絕望reduce sb.(from

18、sth.) to.把某人(從某級別或職位)降至(2)reduction n減少，縮減；折扣；減價make a reduction減價(3)(反)increase v增加，增長，增大Thanks to the diet，he reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos.由于節(jié)食，他的體重從98千克減輕到92千克/減輕了6千克。He was reduced to despair at the sight.他看到那情景便陷入了絕望。The reform has reduced us to servants of the State.這一改革把我

19、們都降為公務員了。【鏈接訓練】The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car in order to_ air pollution.Awarn BendangerCstop Dreduce【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。warn“警告”；endanger“使危及”；stop“停止”；reduce“減少”。句意為：政府號召公眾騎自行車而不是開車去上班，目的是減少空氣污染。故D為正確答案?！敬鸢浮緿7comment n&vi.評論，注釋，意見歸納拓展(1)make comments on/upon

20、 sth.評論某事without comment不必多說no comment無可奉告(2)comment on/upon評論，談論，對提意見comment that.評論He made several comments on the film.他對這部電影作出了許多評論。Before you make an offer，you should comment on the object.在你出價以前，應先對物品進行評論。Tom commented that it was a better play than usual.湯姆評論說這場比賽比以往打得要好?！炬溄佑柧殹縃e made several

21、 critical _ on his new book.Apunishments Bcomments Copinions Dideas【解析】make comments on“作出評論”，符合句意“他對自己的新書作出了一些批判性的評論”?！敬鸢浮緽1rid.of擺脫，除去(不好的東西)歸納拓展(1)rid.of.常于用結構be rid of或get rid of中。(2)get rid of處理掉；擺脫be rid of已擺脫掉，已除掉rid oneself of.擺脫；從解脫The dentist rid me of the pain by taking out the tooth.牙醫(yī)把這

22、顆牙拔掉，解除了我的疼痛。Im glad to be rid of debt now.我很高興，我現在已經還清了債務。You should rid yourself of these oldfashioned ideas.你應該摒棄這些過時的觀念。We should get rid of those old pictures.我們應該除去那些舊圖片?！炬溄佑柧殹縄t is said that a tenminute fast walk can _ oneself of low mood.AremoveBridCleaveDprevent【解析】只有rid后面才可跟sb. of sth.表示“去

23、除某人”。remove和prevent后接from?！敬鸢浮緽2be satisfied with對感到滿意歸納拓展(1)be/feel satisfied withbe content with對表示滿足或滿意be satisfied to do sth.對做某事感到滿意(2)satisfy v使(某人)滿意，滿足(欲望)satisfysb./sth.使某人/某種欲望得到滿足(3)satisfaction n滿意，滿足to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb.使某人感到滿意的是with satisfaction滿意地(4)satisfying

24、 adj.令人滿意(滿足)的satisfied adj.滿足的，滿意的satisfactory adj.令人滿意的，圓滿的，如愿的far from satisfactory遠不令人滿意I was not satisfied with the result.我對那個結果不滿意。She felt satisfied to learn that her son was admitted to Beijing University.當她獲悉她兒子被北京大學錄取后感到很滿足。The result of his test seemed to be satisfactory/satisfying.他測試的結

25、果似乎令人滿意。Our government tried in every way to satisfy the needs of the people for vegetables.我國政府千方百計滿足人們對蔬菜的需求。To our satisfaction，the teacher praised us.令我們非常滿意的是老師表揚了我們。【鏈接訓練】No matter how hard he worked，he couldnt _ his boss.Isnt that the reason why he decided to resign?Asatisfy Bmeet Csuit Dadap

26、t【解析】satisfy sb.表示“使某人滿意”。句意為：不管他怎么努力工作，他都不能使他的老板滿意。那是他決定辭職的原因嗎？【答案】A3lead to導致(result in)；造成(后果)；通向(不用于被動語態(tài))歸納拓展(1)lead to中to為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或v.ing形式。(2)lead sb.to sth./sp.使得出(觀點)/引導某人去lead sb.to do sth.引導某人做某事帶某人進入lead the way領路；處于領先地位lead sb.by the nose牽著某人的鼻子走毫無成果Eating too much sugar can lead to hea

27、lth problems.食用過多的糖會引起健康問題。All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。Teachers should lead students to think for themselves.老師應該引導學生獨立思考?！炬溄佑柧殹縏he discovery of new evidence led to _.Athe thief having caught Bcatching the thiefCthe thief being caught Dthe thief to be caught【解析】lead to“導致，引起”，其中的to是介詞。catch與the t

28、hief之間是被動關系，所以要用動名詞的被動語態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緾4He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。Organic farmers，therefore，often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.因此，使用有機耕作的農民們通常愛使用天然的動物糞便當作肥料。would rather 寧愿，寧可(沒有人稱和數的變化)歸納拓展(1)would rather do sth.prefer to do sth.寧愿(可)做某事would rath

29、er (not) do sth.寧愿(不)做某事(2)would rather do.than do.would do.rather than do.rather than do.would.prefer to do.rather than do.寧愿做也不愿做；與其做倒不如做(3)would rather從句(從句使用虛擬語氣)would rather (that) sb.did sth.寧愿某人做某事(用一般過去時表示與現在或將來事實相反)would rather (that) sb.had done sth.寧愿某人做過某事(過去完成時表示與過去的情況相反)(4)would rather

30、 have done本來想做而未實現I would rather you didnt.常用來表示委婉拒絕別人的請求。Id rather have the red one than (have) the green one.我寧愿要那個紅的，也不愿要那個綠的。Id take the train rather than go there by air.我寧可坐火車去那兒，也不愿坐飛機去。Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.我寧可向朋友借錢，也不想拒絕幫助你。He prefers to stay al

31、one rather than gossip with his coworkers in his spare time.空閑時間他不愿與同事閑聊，更愿意一人獨處。Dont come tomorrow.Id rather you came next weekend.明天別來，我希望你下周末再來。I would rather that you hadnt missed the exhibition.我真希望你沒錯過展覽會。(事實上已錯過)Do you mind if I smoke？你介意我抽煙嗎？Well，Id rather (that) you didnt.嗯，最好別抽。【鏈接訓練】Rathe

32、r than _ on a crowded bus，he always prefers _ a bicycle.Aride；ride Briding；rideCride；to ride Dto ride；riding【解析】考查prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.結構。此處是為了強調將rather than do sth.提前了。句意為：他寧愿騎自行車也不愿乘坐擁擠的公共汽車?！敬鸢浮緾If you let challenges stimulate _ annoy you，much more can be accomplished than you thou

33、ght possible.Arather than Bother thanCless than Dmore than【解析】rather than“而不是”；other than“除以外”；less than“少于”，more than“多于”。A項符合題意?！敬鸢浮緼動詞ing形式作主語和賓語動詞ing形式既是現在分詞形式，也是動名詞形式。作為動名詞，它具有動詞的基本性質，因而可以有狀語修飾它；及物動詞的動名詞還應有賓語，從而構成動名詞短語；它也具有名詞的基本性質，因而在句子中可作主語、賓語、表語和定語等。一、動詞ing形式作主語動詞ing形式作主語通常有兩種位置：一種是位于句首；另一種是i

34、t作形式主語，動詞ing形式短語作真正的主語，放在句后。動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數。Reading aloud is a good way in learning languages.大聲朗讀是學習語言的一個好辦法。Its no use just waiting.一味等待毫無用處。歸納拓展常用動詞ing形式作主語的句型有：It be a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪費時間的It be no good/use doing sth.做某事是無益/沒用的It be worth doing sth.做某事是值得的There is no sense in doing st

35、h.做某事沒意義There is no use doing sth.做某事沒用There is no point in doing sth.做某事無意義There was no point in joking about such matter.拿這種事開玩笑沒有意義。注意：當動名詞用作主語時，其邏輯主語由形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格構成。物主代詞或名詞所有格和動名詞構成邏輯上的主謂關系。Toms being ill made us worried.湯姆病了讓我們很擔心。除此之外，動名詞的復合結構還可在句中作賓語。Do you mind my/me coming late for the fi

36、lm?你介意我看電影來遲了嗎？二、動詞ing形式作賓語1動詞ing形式可作某些動詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。The boy admitted being careless.這個男孩承認他太粗心大意了。I have never dreamed of visiting that place.我從未夢想到要參觀那個地方。Hearing this，I cant help laughing.一聽說這件事，我禁不住大笑起來。2常接動詞ing形式作賓語的動詞有：avoid避免appreciate感激advise建議miss錯過 finish完成 mention提及prevent阻止 escape逃避 imagi

37、ne想象admit承認 quit停止 resist抵制suggest建議 mind介意 consider考慮deny否認 enjoy喜歡 excuse原諒practise練習 delay推遲 risk冒險stand忍受 postpone推遲3接動詞ing形式作賓語的介詞常出現在下列短語中：be good at擅長于dream of夢想lead to導致devote.to.把奉獻于look forward to盼望，期盼be used to習慣于feel like想要insist on堅持think of想出stick to堅持pay attention to注意get down to開始認真做某事4接動詞ing形式作賓語的形容詞有：be worth doing sth.值得做某事be worthwhile doing sth.值得做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事5既可接動詞ing形式，又可接動詞不定式作賓語，意義無多大區(qū)別的動詞有：attempt嘗試begin/start開始continue繼續(xù)intend打算6