2022年新教材高中英語Unit1ScienceFictionSectionⅠReadingandThinking課件新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

1、內(nèi)容索引晨讀晚誦走進(jìn)新課 一起讀文閱讀鑒賞 一起思考隨堂練習(xí)晨讀晚誦導(dǎo)語:我們一起來看看科幻作家艾薩克阿西莫夫提出的“機(jī)器人三定律”吧。Isaac Asimov was one of the most famous science fiction writers.He began teaching at Boston University School of Medicine in 1949.He began to write short stories in 1939 and novels in 1950.He died in 1992.He wrote numerous science f

2、iction short stories and novels,and over one hundred non-fiction books.He is probably famous for his series stories.Many of his stories involved robots,and he was in fact the inventor of the term “robotics”.During his lifetime he was also enormously1 influential2 in the world of science.Do you know

3、anything about his famous Three Laws of Robotics?Law 1:A robot may not injure a human being,or,through inaction,allow a human being to come to harm.Law 2:A robot must obey the orders given by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law.Law 3:A robot must protect its own e

4、xistence as long as such protection does not conflict with the first or second law.In Asimovs stories,the robots must follow these laws so that they do not attack the humans that created them.譯文:艾薩克阿西莫夫是最有名的科幻小說家之一。1949年,他開始在波士頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院執(zhí)教。1939年,他開始寫短篇小說,1950年開始寫長篇小說。他于1992年逝世。他寫了許多短篇、長篇科幻小說以及一百多本紀(jì)實(shí)書?；蛟S

5、他更以故事集著稱。他寫過的很多故事里都有機(jī)器人的身影,事實(shí)上,他就是“機(jī)器人科學(xué)”這一術(shù)語的發(fā)明者。他的一生在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域也有極其大的影響。你知道他提出的“機(jī)器人三定律”嗎?第一定律:機(jī)器人不得傷害人類,或因不作為使人類受到傷害。第二定律:機(jī)器人必須服從人類的命令,除非這些命令與第一定律相抵觸。第三定律:在不違背第一、第二定律的前提下,機(jī)器人必須保護(hù)自己不受傷害。在阿西莫夫的故事中,機(jī)器人必須遵從這些定律,不去傷害創(chuàng)造它們的人類?！驹~海拾貝】 1.enormously /Inmsli/ adv.非常;極其2.influential /Influenl/ adj.有很大影響的;有支配力的【理解誘思】

6、 In 1939,Asimov .A.learned to write novelsB.started to write short storiesC.began teachingD.invented a robot答案:B走進(jìn)新課 一起讀文詞匯新知一、單詞英漢互譯1. /fIkn/ n.小說;虛構(gòu)的事2. /bns/ n.意外收獲;獎金;紅利3. /rIdIkjls/ adj.愚蠢的;荒謬的;荒唐的4. /Interti/ n.誠實(shí)正直;完整;完好5. /dInti/ n.莊重;莊嚴(yán);尊嚴(yán)6. /slri/ n.薪水;薪金7. /bsd/ adj.荒謬的;荒唐的8. /neIl/ n.指甲;

7、趾甲;釘子vt.(用釘子)釘牢;固定fictionbonusridiculousintegritydignitysalaryabsurdnail9.appointment /pIntmnt/ n.10.saleswoman /seIlzwmn/ n. 11.guilty /Ilti/ adj.12.suspend /sspend/ vt.13.dismiss /dIsmIs/ vt.14.declare /dIkle(r)/ vt.15.whereas /werz/ conj. 預(yù)約;約會;委任 女售貨員;女推銷員內(nèi)疚的;有罪的;有過失的 懸;掛;暫停;暫緩 讓(某人)離開;解散;解雇;消除

8、表明;宣稱;公布 然而;但是;盡管二、短語英漢互譯1. 檢驗(yàn);測試2. 更像是;更接近3. 有尊嚴(yán)地4. 更確切地說5. 寫出6.turn around 7.after all 8.fall off 9.more than e up with test outmore likewith dignityor ratherwrite out 轉(zhuǎn)身畢竟;終究從掉下來 不僅僅是 想出閱讀理解一、閱讀課文“SATISFACTION GUARANTEED”,判斷正(T)誤(F)1.Claire asked her husband to buy her the robot named Tony.()2.Th

9、e robot named Tony was very rude to Claire at first.()3.Claire thought that she was as clever as Claffern.()4.Tony was more than happy to leave Claires house.()FFFF二、閱讀課文“SATISFACTION GUARANTEED”,選擇正確答案1.Why did Claire feel alarmed at the first sight of Tony?A.Because he was a robot.B.Because she di

10、dnt like him.C.Because he was more like a human being than a machine.D.Because he never changed his facial expression.答案:C 2.Why did Claire buy the items from the shop?A.Because her husband was to return.B.Because Tony was to leave.C.Because Tony wanted the house transformed.D.Because she thought sh

11、e needed them.答案:C 三、仔細(xì)閱讀課文“SATISFACTION GUARANTEED”,并根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容將短文補(bǔ)充完整A robot used for housework 1.(test) out in a family.Claire didnt want the robot in her house,especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks,2. she agreed to it at last.was testedbutAt her first sight of Tony,Claire was 3.(

12、alarm),for the robot named Tony was more like a human than a machine.He looked like a tall and handsome man 4. smooth hair and a deep voice.When Tony offered to help her dressing,Claire felt 5.(embarrass).Now she 6.(look) after by a robot that looked so human,and it was disturbing.Gradually,Tony beg

13、an to win Claires trust.He helped Claire realise her dreams by 7.(make) her home elegant,giving her a new haircut,and improving her makeup.Tony suggested that Claire 8.(invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.To transform Claires house com

14、pletely,Tonyalarmedwithembarrassedwas being lookedmaking(should) inviteworked 9.(steady) on the improvements.Claire tried to help,but she fell off the ladder.It was Tony 10. managed to catch her in time.steadilythat/who閱讀鑒賞 一起思考1.He seemed more like a human than a machine.(Page 2)他看著不太像機(jī)器,而更像一個真人。mo

15、re.than.與其說不如說The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar book.與其說這是一本語法書不如說是一本字典。Hearing the loud noise,the boy was more surprised than frightened.聽到這么大的噪聲,這個男孩與其說害怕不如說驚訝?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞組和含義The woman looks very young.As a matter of fact,she is more than fifty.詞組 more than含義 超過

16、,多于【高考典句】(2019全國高考)Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.詞組 more than含義 不僅僅是I am more than glad to help you with your English.詞組 more than含義 非常The boy worked very hard and finished all the work in less than five days.詞組 less than含義 少于I dont know any Fre

17、nch people other than you.詞組 other than含義 除了說一說勤歸納 【即學(xué)即用】 完成句子工作太多了,我無法在不到三天的時間內(nèi)完成。There is so much work that I cant finish it .他非常樂意明天去車站接你。He is to pick you up at the station tomorrow.他不僅僅是我們的老師,還是我們的朋友。He is ;he is also our friend.in less than three daysmore than happymore than our teacher除了這個大公司

18、,他還有三家農(nóng)場。He has three farms .other than this large company2.She had an appointment to paint her nails,then she went into an expensive clothes shop.(Page 2)她按預(yù)約去美甲后,走進(jìn)了一家高檔時裝店。appointment n.預(yù)約;約會I have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30.我約好11點(diǎn)半去看牙醫(yī)。Theres little time left.I have to run in order

19、to keep that appointment.快到點(diǎn)了。我必須跑著去才能守約?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞的詞性、詞組和含義His promotion to manager was a popular appointment.詞性 名詞含義 任命;任用;委派He has been appointed to the committee.詞性 動詞含義 任命;委任A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.詞性 動詞含義 安排;確定The doctor appointed a young nurse to guard

20、 her.詞組 appoint sb to do sth含義 委派某人做某事記一記長知識appointment n.預(yù)約;約會;任命make/keep an appointment 預(yù)約/守約have an appointment 有約會appoint vt.任命;任用;委派;安排;確定appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空Id like to go with you,but I have an important (appoint) tonight.He is so excellent that he (appoint) manager soon.完

21、成句子他是個可信賴的人,因此他會守約的。He is a reliable person,so he will .公司委派那個年輕人去出席典禮。The company .appointmentwill be appointedkeep his appointmentappointed the young man to attend the ceremony句型轉(zhuǎn)換As he was appointed leader of the team,he was a little excited.,he was a little excited.Appointed leader of the team3.

22、After all,she knew Claires husbands name was Larry,not Tony.(Page 2)畢竟她知道克萊爾丈夫的名字是拉里,而不是托尼。after all 畢竟,終究【高考典句】(2019浙江高考)“After all,everyone has bad days and good days,”he said.他說:“畢竟,每個人都有壞日子和好日子。”O(jiān)f course I admire himafter all,he is a great writer.我當(dāng)然欽佩他,畢竟,他是一位偉大的作家?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞組

23、和含義All in all her mother and I are very happy with her progress.詞組 all in all含義 總而言之How many people were there in all at the party last night?詞組 in all含義 總共Above all,you should form a good habit.詞組 above all含義 最重要的是First of all,youd better have a discussion and make a plan.詞組 first of all含義 首先說一說勤歸納

24、 【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空Youd better be patient with this child. all,she is only four.First all,you have a face-to-face talk with your son.Afterof 翻譯句子總而言之,他受到很多人的尊敬。最重要的是,你應(yīng)該有一個健康的身體。這個大廳里現(xiàn)在總共有200人。答案:All in all,he is respected by a lot of people. 答案:Above all,you should have a healthy body. 答案:There are 200

25、people in all in this hall. 4.He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.(Page 3)他建議在他離開,也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上,克萊爾邀請格拉迪絲和她的朋友們到家里來。剖析suggest做“建議”講時,其后的賓語從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣,即“should +動詞原形”,should可省略。The doctor suggested that he (should)

26、go for a holiday.醫(yī)生建議他去度假。We all suggested that a new school (should) be built near the village.我們都建議在村子附近建立一個新學(xué)校。本句中的was to leave是be to do結(jié)構(gòu),表示“將要做某事”。The experience is to change his whole life.這次經(jīng)歷將會改變他的一生。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口見面?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中

27、黑體部分的句型和含義He suggested us playing football after school.句型 suggest sb doing sth含義 建議某人做某事It is suggested that we smile as much as possible.句型 It is suggested that.含義 有人建議記一記長知識suggest做“建議”講時,其后的賓語從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣,即“should +動詞原形”,should可以省略。suggest做“說明,暗示”講時,其后的賓語從句的謂語用陳述語氣。Her pale face suggested that sh

28、e was badly ill.她蒼白的臉說明她病得很重?！炯磳W(xué)即用】 單句語法填空The teacher suggested that we (go) home for our parents advice.The research suggested that the water there (pollute) badly.The bridge is (build) next year.(should) gowas pollutedto be built完成句子有人建議我們?nèi)W(xué)法語。we (should) study French.今天下午會有一個保險(xiǎn)代理人來跟我們見面。An insura

29、nce agent is .句型轉(zhuǎn)換My mother suggested that I (should) make a practical plan first.My mother suggested .It is suggested thatto meet us this afternoonme making a practical plan first5.Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling,but she fell off the ladder.(Page 3)克萊爾試圖幫忙安裝天花板

30、上的吊燈,但從梯子上摔了下來。(1)suspend vt.懸;掛A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.一盞燈懸掛在天花板上?？匆豢粗洃?a light suspended there 【合作探究】 讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞的詞性和含義Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out.詞性 動詞含義 暫停The introduction of the new system has been suspended until next year.詞性 動詞含義 推

31、遲These events have led to the suspension of talks.詞性 名詞含義 推遲;延期(2)fall off 從掉下來Suddenly she lost her balance and fell off the bike.突然她失去平衡,從自行車上掉了下來。The old cup fell off the table,breaking into pieces.那個舊杯子從桌子上掉下來,摔成了碎片?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞組和含義When some students fell behind,others would come

32、and offer help.詞組 fall behind含義 跟不上You must watch your step so as not to fall down.詞組 fall down含義 摔倒My grandmas hair was falling out.詞組 fall out含義 脫落I fell over and broke my leg.詞組 fall over含義 倒下;跌倒說一說勤歸納 【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空The boy tried to touch the ball (suspend) by a rope from a branch.Sales of the dru

33、g (suspend) until more tests are completed.suspendedwill be suspended完成句子老人摔倒了,傷得很重。and was badly injured.他變得更老了,牙齒也在脫落。He is getting older and .The old man fell downhis teeth are falling out6.The guests would be arriving soon,so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.(Page 3)客人們很快就要到了,于是克萊

34、爾讓托尼結(jié)束了當(dāng)晚的工作。dismiss vt.讓(某人)離開;解散What do you do when you want to dismiss workers in America?在美國,當(dāng)你們要解雇工人時,你們怎么做?He was so angry that he dismissed her with a wave of the hand.他很生氣,于是擺手把她打發(fā)走了?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞的詞性、詞組和含義He was dismissed from his job for carelessness.詞組 be dismissed from.含義 從被

35、開除What should I do to dismiss fears from his mind?詞性 動詞含義 消除He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.詞性 動詞含義 不予考慮【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空He was so lazy that he was dismissed the factory.How can I comfort the girl (dismiss) by her boss?fromdismissed完成句子因?yàn)楹ε卤婚_除,他對此事保持了沉默。He kept silent about it .

36、你應(yīng)該做些事來消除他心中的疑慮。You should do something to .for fear of being dismisseddismiss doubts from his mind7.At that moment,Tony took her in his arms,bringing his face close to hers.(Page 3)就在那一瞬間,托尼將她攬入懷中,慢慢地貼近她的臉龐。剖析 本句中的bringing his face close to hers是動詞-ing形式短語做伴隨狀語。My father sat in the armchair,reading

37、 a magazine.我父親坐在扶手椅中看雜志。The two women stood there,talking with each other happily.那兩個女人站在那里,高興地交談著?！竞献魈骄俊?讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出黑體部分所做的句子成分Hearing the news,they got very excited.時間狀語Not knowing her address,I cant write to her.原因狀語He was killed in the accident,leaving his wife and two children.結(jié)果狀語Working

38、hard,you will pass the final exam.條件狀語記一記長知識動詞-ing形式短語表示主動關(guān)系,可以在句中做伴隨狀語、時間狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語和條件狀語等?！炯磳W(xué)即用】 單句語法填空The old man stood by the window,(look) out of the window.(turn) left,you will see a big garden on your left.句型轉(zhuǎn)換The boy was lying on the grass and he was staring at the stars.The boy was lying o

39、n the grass,.lookingTurningstaring at the stars8.She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day,and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.(Page 3)她聽到他宣布說他次日并不想離開她,而且他心里的愿望不只是讓她開心而已。declare vt.表明;宣稱;公布【高考典句】(2019全國高考) Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,prou

40、d Irene declared she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.拿著“終生成就獎”,自豪的艾琳宣布,她不打算從從事了36年的事業(yè)中退休。The area has been declared a national park.已經(jīng)宣布這個地區(qū)為國家公園。【合作探究】 讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出黑體詞組和含義That country declared war on Germany that year.詞組 declare war on.含義 對宣戰(zhàn)Ella declared herself to be happy

41、 and satisfied.詞組 declare oneself to be.含義 宣稱自己說一說勤歸納declare vt.表明;宣稱;公布declare war on.對宣戰(zhàn)declare oneself to be.宣稱自己想一想善辨析 announce指把人們關(guān)心或感興趣的事正式公布于眾declare一般指在正式場合宣布官方的立場或態(tài)度等,側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾”發(fā)表,多用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和、宣判等。如:declare war on/against對宣戰(zhàn)【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空When was it that the country declared war Japan?The woman decl

42、ared (she) to be very innocent.選詞填空(announce/declare)They that she would give one extra song.Germany war on France in 1914.onherselfannounceddeclared9.Work in groups and come up with an ending.(Page 3)小組合作,想出一個結(jié)果。come up with想出;提出They may come up with ideas that you havent considered.他們或許會想出你沒有考慮到的想

43、法。Who was it that came up with such a wonderful idea?到底是誰想出的這樣好的主意?【合作探究】 讀一讀細(xì)觀察閱讀下列句子,寫出句中黑體詞組和含義How did it come about that you were late?詞組 come about含義 發(fā)生When will her new book come out?詞組 come out含義 出版Could you tell me how comets came into being?詞組 come into being含義 形成I came across some old photos under the bed the other day.詞組 come across含義 (偶然)遇見,發(fā)現(xiàn)說一說勤歸納 【即學(xué)即用】 單句語法填空The little girl came up a very practical idea to solve the