2022年中考復(fù)習：初中英語八種時態(tài)歸納

1、【動 詞 】動詞的分類：依據(jù)其在句中的功能,動詞可分為四類,分別是：實義動詞（行為動詞）實義動詞 有完整的詞義,能單獨做謂語依據(jù)用法,可分為及物動詞（、連系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞；vt.后面直接跟名詞或代詞作賓語）和不及物動詞（ vi 不能直接跟名詞或代詞,加賓語時必需加介詞）；同一動詞有時可用作及物動詞,有時可用作不及物動詞；例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞； （sing 在此用作不及物動詞； ）She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲；（sing 用作及物動詞； ）但也有一些動詞只能用做及物動詞,如：vi

2、sit, ask, win, tell, answer, feel, serve, marry, discuss, beat, reach, kill, drop 等而以下一些動詞通常情形下只能用做不及物動詞：reply to, return to, point to, at, knock at, on, into, wait for, listen to, arrive at, to, fall down, off, look at, after 2連系動詞 （ Link Verb ）它本身有詞義, 但不能 單獨用作謂語, 后邊必需跟表語,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特點等情形；常見的

3、連系動詞有：be, feel,become, look, smell,seem, taste, sound, keep, 其它一些可以和形容詞連用的動詞也屬于連系動詞：fall ill / asleep,grow worse,turn red, get lost,keep healthy 等3.助動詞 ：本身沒有詞義,不能單獨作句子的謂語,只能與主要動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語主要幫忙句子構(gòu)成否定、疑問以及動詞的不同時態(tài)、語態(tài)等語法特點；常見的助動詞有：be, do does, did, have / has, had, will, would 等；4.情態(tài)動詞 ：本身有肯定的詞義,單不能單獨做謂語,后面

4、必需跟其它動詞的原形,表示說話人的語氣和態(tài)度；常見的情態(tài)動詞有：can could, maymight, must, need 等；（具體用法見講義- 情態(tài)動詞專項）動詞和動詞短語辨析：arrive,reach,get;borrow,lend,keep;dress,put on,wear;see,look,watch,read;bring,take,fetch;spend,pay,cost;speak,say,talk,tell;lose,fail,beat,win;lose,forget,leave;join,take part in,attend;listen to,hear;look f

5、or,find;die,dead,death,dying;think of,think about,think over 二、 動詞有五種形狀,分別是：原形（Original Form ）、第三人稱單數(shù)形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、過去式（ Past Form ）、過去分詞（ Past Participle）、現(xiàn)在分詞（ Present Participle）；單詞尾巴變化規(guī)章：動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)章（動詞 -ing 的構(gòu)成）1.一般在詞尾加 ing,如： read-reading look-looking 2.以不發(fā)音的結(jié)尾的動詞 ,先去掉 e,再

6、加 -ing, 如 :take-taking have-having make-making close-closing 3.以“ 一個元音 +一個輔音字母” 結(jié)尾的重讀閉音動詞,先雙寫輔音字母,再加-ing ；如：sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming shop-shopping put-putting set-setting stop-stopping begin-beginning get -getting cut-cutting dig-digging 4、特別變化：變 ie 為 y,加 ing ：lie-lying （躺 , 撒謊）tie tyin

7、g （領(lǐng)帶、綁）die- dying 死 動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)章一般動詞尾加 -s； -s 在清音后讀s,在濁音或元音后讀z.如 work-works, write-writes. 以 s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾的 ,后加 -es,-es 讀 /iz/ guesses,mixes,finishes,catches 以輔音字母 +o 結(jié)尾,一般加 -es, -es 讀 z； go-goes,do-does 輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的單詞,變 y 為 i,再加 -es, -ies 讀 iz； study-studies 特別詞例外；如：be is,have has 動詞過去式與過去分詞變化規(guī)

8、章一般直接加 ed,work-worked 以輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的動詞,變 y 為 i,再加 ed:carry-carried,study-studied,hurry-hurried 以 e 結(jié)尾的動詞,直接加 d:live-lived,care-cared 雙寫尾字母,加 ed:stop-stopped,plan-planned,shop-shopped 三、 動詞的八大時態(tài)：1 時 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu) 時 態(tài) 結(jié) 構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時 動詞原形（第三人稱單數(shù)）一般過去時 動詞的過去式現(xiàn)在進行時 am / is / are 動詞的 ing 過去進行時 was / were 動詞的 ing will 動詞原

9、形一般將來時 am/ is / are+going to 動詞原 過去將來時 would 動詞原形形 was / were going to動詞原形現(xiàn)在完成時 have / has 過去分詞 過去完成時 had 過去分詞*go, come, arrive, leave, move, die 等動詞的進行時態(tài)可以表示對應(yīng)的將來時態(tài)；【中學英語八種時態(tài)歸納復(fù)習】一、一般現(xiàn)在時：概念：常常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況；時間狀語標志詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week day, year, month , once a week, o

10、n Sundays, 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be 動詞；行為動詞否定形式： am/is/are+not;此時態(tài)的謂語動詞如為行為動詞,就在其前加dont, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),就用doesnt ,同時仍原行為動詞；一般疑問句：把be 動詞放于句首；用助動詞do 提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),就用does ,同時,仍原行為動詞；二、一般過去時：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、常常性的動作、行為；時間狀語標志詞：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last weekyear, night, month , in 1989, just now, at

11、 the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, this morning,etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be 動詞；行為動詞否定形式： was/were+not; 在行為動詞前加 didnt ,同時仍原行為動詞；一般疑問句： was 或 were 放于句首用助動詞 do 的過去式 did 提問,同時仍原行為動詞；三、現(xiàn)在進行時：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為；時間狀語標志詞：now, right now,at this moment,at this time, these days,look,listen,Its 6 oc

12、lock, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： am/is/are+doing 否定形式： am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑問句：把 be 動詞放于句首；四、過去進行時：概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作；時間狀語標志詞：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等；基本結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were+doing 否定形式： was/were + not + doing. 一般疑問句：把 was 或 were 放于句首；五、現(xiàn)在完成時：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或

13、從過去已經(jīng)開頭,連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)；時間狀語標志詞：already,yet,never,ever,recently, lately, since,for ,in the past few years, all one s life,once,etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： have/has + done否定形式： have/has + not +done.一般疑問句： have 或 has ；六、過去完成時：概念：以過去某個時間為標準,在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為,或在過去某動作之前完成的行為,即“過去的過去 ”；時間狀語標志詞：before, by the end of last yearterm,

14、month by last week, 例句： He had lived in Shanghai for ten years before he came here. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： had + done. 否定形式： had + not + done.一般疑問句： had 放于句首；2 七、一般將來時：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及準備、方案或預(yù)備做某事；時間狀語標志詞： tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soon, in a few minutes, by ,the day after tomorrow, in the future,this w

15、eekend,this evening. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： am/is/are+going to do； will + do. 否定形式： am/is/are + not+going to do won t+do 一般疑問句： am/is/are 放于句首； will 提到句首；八、過去將來時：概念：立足于過去某一時刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中；時間狀語標志詞：the next daymorning, year ,the following monthweek ,etc.例句： He said he would buy some fruit for his sister. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： was/

16、were/going to + do； would/should + do. 否定形式： was/were/not + going to + do; would/should + not + do. 一般疑問句： was 或 were 放于句首； would/should 提到句首；【中考英語專項復(fù)習- 現(xiàn)在完成時】一、現(xiàn)在完成時的 基本結(jié)構(gòu) ：have/has （助動詞） +過去分詞 done 二、現(xiàn)在完成時的 各種句式 ：1.陳述句：主語have/has+ 過去分詞其他成分；I have cleaned my bedroom. 2.否定句：主語have/has+not+ 過去分詞其他成分；

17、I havent cleaned my bedroom. 3.一般疑問句： Have/Has+ 主語過去分詞其他成分？4.特別疑問句：特別疑問詞have/has 其他成分？Have you cleaned your bedroom. 5.反意疑問句：借助于助動詞have/has來完成反意疑問句；havent they .例如： They have lived that village for ten years, 三、現(xiàn)在完成時的用法 ：.“完成法 ”：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；標志性詞： already 、 never 、 ever 、 just 、 yet 、

18、before 、so far=up 等；to now till now by now 、these days2.“未完成法 ”：表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去已經(jīng)開頭,連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能連續(xù)到將來；時間狀語： for 一段時間； since 過去點時間；I ve known Li Lei for three days .They have lived here since 1996. 3.其他標志詞： recently,lately,once/twice/ three times ,all ones life,in the past + 段時間 during the last + 段時間注 意： 1si

19、nce 一段時間 ago for 時間段 ; since two weeks ago=for two weeks; I have kept the library book for a week.= I have kept the library book since a week ago. 2since + 時間點 for時間段 since 2022=for 14 years 3 since+ 從句 常用一般過去時 The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris. 4It is /has been

20、 + 一段時間 + since 從句；自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時間了 . It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. 四正確運用have/has been to,have/has gone to, 和 have/has been in 三種結(jié)構(gòu)；6.have/has been to 表示 “過去曾去過某地”,但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了；7.have/has gone to 表示 “已去了某地 ”,現(xiàn)在仍沒有回來；3 8.have/has been in 表示 “已在某地（呆了多久）”,假如是小地方用at 代替 in；五中考考點：考點

21、一：考查基本概念例如：Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時主要強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,或過去發(fā)生的動作仍未終止,始終連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)?來,重點在于對現(xiàn)在的影響；這種考查難度較大,往往無時間狀語,需要從上下文分析、推理才行；故上兩側(cè)依據(jù) 上下文分析、推理,正確答案；考點二：考查時間狀語例 1. He has _ been to Shanghai , has he . . already .nev

22、er .ever . still 例 2. Have you met Mr Li _ ？. a moment ago . just . ago .before 簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語常有如下四類：現(xiàn)在完成常常與 already （已經(jīng)）,just （剛剛,正好） ,ever （曾經(jīng)）,never （從來,也不；從不） ,before （以 前）,yet （仍舊）等連用；現(xiàn)在完成常常與recently ,so far （到目前為止） ,in the past/“ last + 一段時間 ”等時間狀語連用；由于上述短語表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時間,句中的動作是從過去某一時間或時刻開頭連續(xù)

23、到現(xiàn)在的；現(xiàn)在完成時常常與“ for +時間段或since + 過去時間點 ”連用（含從句,從句過去時）；（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的現(xiàn)在完成時仍與once （一次）, twice （兩次）,three times （三次）,several times詞語連用；考點三：考查與一般過去時的區(qū)分例 1. These farmers have been to the United States . Really . When _ there . . Did ; do ; . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 例 2. _ y

24、ou _ your homework yet .Yes . I _ it a moment ago . finished B.Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished.will ; do ; finish 簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時簡單混淆,就是由于它們所表示的動作都發(fā)生在過去,但二者又有區(qū)分：一般過去 時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或常常發(fā)生的動作,說話的側(cè)重點在于陳述一件過去的事情,與現(xiàn)在沒 有關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動作,它不與表示過去的時間狀語（如 yesterday , last week

25、, a moment ago 等）連用；一般過去時表示純粹在過去發(fā)生的事情；現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是在過去某個時間開頭并持 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作 /狀態(tài) ,或者發(fā)生在過去卻對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；故兩個例題的正確答案為 B；現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的比較 兩者都可表示過去發(fā)生過的動作,但前者表示的是過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響,而后者就只是表示過去有這一動作 的事實；Who turned on the light. 誰開的燈？著眼開燈的動作,不管現(xiàn)在燈是開是關(guān)； Who has turned on the light.誰把燈打開了？著眼開燈的結(jié)果,即現(xiàn)在燈仍亮著； 兩者都可表示過去開頭并連續(xù)了一段時間的動作,現(xiàn)在完成時

26、表示該動作仍在連續(xù),而一般過去時就說明該動作 現(xiàn)已終止；He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了；現(xiàn)在仍住那兒； He lived in Beijing for four years.他曾在北京住了四年；現(xiàn)在不住那兒了； 考點四：考查非連續(xù)性動詞的用法 4 例 1. His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 例 2. Do you know him well . Sure .We _ friends since ten

27、years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 例 3.How long have you _ here . About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 簡析：英語動詞依據(jù)詞義可分為兩種,一種是連續(xù)性的,一種是終止性的,終止性動詞 也可稱為非連續(xù)性動詞、瞬間動詞、 或點動詞 ,如 begin, start, die, buy, leave, come 等,表示動作的發(fā)生與終止于一瞬時完成,不能再連續(xù),所以它的現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示連續(xù)的時間狀語連用,即不能與表示一段時間的狀語

28、,for+ 時間段 , since+ 時間點 /從句連用,也不能用在 how long 引導(dǎo)的特別疑問句中；例如 : Ive left Shanghai for three days. Ive been away from Shanghai for three days. .I left Shanghai three days ago. It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.現(xiàn)在完成時中,非連續(xù)性動詞不能與 for 和 since 引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的狀語連用,通常是用相應(yīng)的連續(xù)性動詞來代替；常用的非連續(xù)性動詞及替代形式如下：22 個

29、close be closed, put on wear,openbe op en, get up be up, finish/endbe over,lose be lost , marry be marriedto, get to know know; be fall asleep/ go to sleep asleepsleep, wake up-be awake, come/arrivebe here/in,come/get backbe back,go/leave-be away, becomebe,borrow keep,buyhave,begin/startbe on,die be

30、 dead , join be in/be a member of, catch a cold have a cold, lose-not have 5 連續(xù)性動詞和瞬時性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化 ,舉例說明：1.He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago. 2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has h

31、ad the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago. 5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours. 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film

32、 has been on for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door has been closed for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army for a year. - It is a y

33、ear since he joined the army. 【中考英語專項復(fù)習 動詞的被動語態(tài)】many people來執(zhí)行的；（一）語態(tài)： 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)；主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；例如： Many people speak Chinese.謂語： speak 的動作是由主語被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承擔者,即行為動作的對象；例如： Chinese is spoken by many people. （二）被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成主語 English 是動詞 speak 的承擔者；被動語態(tài)由 “ be及物動詞的過去分詞” 構(gòu)成； 人稱、 數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過 be 的變化表現(xiàn)

34、時態(tài) 被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are done 一般過去時 was/were done 現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/are being done 過去進行時 was/were being done 一般將來時 shall/will/be going to be done 過去將來時 would be done 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has been done 過去完成時 had been done （三）被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰；例如：這座橋竣工于 1981 年；（2）強調(diào)動作的承擔者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者；This bridge was founded

35、 in 1981.例如： Your homework must be finished on time. 你們的家庭作業(yè)必需準時完成；（四）主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法6 （1）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語；（2）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞）（依據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù),以及原先主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來打算 be 的形式）；（3）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞 They make the bikes in the factory. by 之后作賓語,將主格改為賓格；例如： The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down

36、a tree. A tree was cut down by him. （五）被動語態(tài)的特別結(jié)構(gòu)形式1帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)；其形式為：情態(tài)動詞be 過去分詞；例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2）在使役動詞have, make, let以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時,在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to 要省略,但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時,要加to；例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改

37、為 A stranger was seen to walk into the building. （六）常見的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：It iswasagreedbelieved/decided/hoped/thought.認為） . It iswaswell known that. 眾所周知It iswastaken for granted that. 被視為當然It must be remembered that. 務(wù)必記住 . ）that. 大家同意（信任、打算、期望、It mustnt be forgotten that.千萬別遺忘 . It iswassaidreported,heard ,tol

38、d ,suggestedthat. 據(jù)說 報道、 聽說、告知、 建議 . 【中考英語專項復(fù)習- 情態(tài)動詞】情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度,認為“ 可能”、“ 應(yīng)當” 、“ 必要” 等等；但本身詞義不完全,不能單獨作謂語動詞,必需和不帶 to 的不定式（即動詞原形）連用；情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化；有些情態(tài)動詞沒有過去式,如must ；有些有過去式,如：can-could,may-might,shall-should,will-would,have to-had to 情態(tài)動詞的否定一般在它們的后面加否定詞 not 構(gòu)成；一.情態(tài)動詞的用法1. can 用法1表示才能,與be able

39、 to同義,但 can 只用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時,be able to可用于各種時態(tài)；注： Can you . Yes, I can / No,I cant.2. 表示答應(yīng)、懇求用 could 比 can 語氣更加委婉客氣,常用于 could I /you .句型中,如表示同意時,用can 回答而不用 could . Could I borrow the book . No, you cant .3. 表示估計“可能 ”常用于否定句或疑問句中；can t表示肯定不是 2. may 用法1表答應(yīng),懇求 = can 兩者可互換 7 表示許可或征求對方的許可,常于第一人稱連用；注： May I . Ye

40、s ,you may No, you cant / mustnt .在回答以 may 引起的問句時, 多防止用這個詞, 而用其它方式, 如 Yes, please. / Certainly. 2表估計,可能、或許；常用于確定句中；Maybe he knows the news .= He _ _ the news. 3表希望 May you succeed. 3. must 1表示義務(wù),意為“必需 ” 主觀意志 ；We must do everything step by step. 注： Must I . Yes, you must / No,you needn=dont have to .

41、“ 不必”-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now. -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to.2mustn t 表禁止、不答應(yīng)；You mustn t talk to her like that.3表示揣測；意為“想必、準是、肯定”等,只用于確定句；否定、疑問句中 must 改為 can . He must be ill. He looks so pale. Shes wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 注： must 表估計時,其反義疑問

42、句與must 后面的動詞一樣；There must be something wrong ,_ _. 4.need 的用法need 既可用作情態(tài)動詞,也可用作實義動詞；用作情態(tài)動詞時,主要否定句或疑問句中；用作實義動詞時,可用于各種句式；1. 用作情態(tài)動詞,用于否定句和疑問句中；a.Need I . Yes , you must / No, you neednt .Need we finish the work today .Yes you _. A.need B.can C. may D.must b.need + do sth . 變否定句： neednt do sth變疑問句： Need

43、 sb do sth . 2. 用作實義動詞a.need + to do sth . We need _buy some school things . 變否定句： dont /doesn t /didnt +need to do s變疑問句： Do / Does /Did sb + need to sth . Yes , do/ does / did No, sb dont / doesnt /didnt .You don t need to do it yourself.b. 當主語是物時；Sth + need + doing sth = Sth +need to be done . Th

44、e table needs painting . =The table needs _ _ _ . 5.had better 的用法= Its best to do sth .1. had better + 動詞原形You had better _ stay at home . = _ _ _ stay at home . 2. Had better not + 動詞原形We had better _not play the computer games . 8 6.shallshould,willwould 的用法1.shall 用于第一人稱表示征求看法、詢問；例如：Shall I open

45、 the window. 2should 常用于表示義務(wù)、責任；如：We should obey traffic laws. 3will 用于其次人稱表示詢問、懇求,也可以表達現(xiàn)在的“ 意愿”book. ；如：Will you pass me the 4would 用來表示過去的意愿或委婉詢問；如：Would you tell me the way to the station. 7.must 與 have to 1. 一般情形下,兩者可互換；must = have to 內(nèi)在緣由 2.must “必需,應(yīng)當 ”表示說話人的主觀看法,即說話人認為必需干某事；have to “必需,不得不 ”強

46、調(diào)客觀需要,即外界因素迫使某人不得不干某事；外界緣由 I can t stop playing the computer games . For your health ,Im afraid you _.A.can B.may C.must D.had to 三.情態(tài)動詞的同義轉(zhuǎn)換 . 1.can = be able to 2.must = have to 3.needn t = dont have to4.need do sth = need to do sth . 四、總結(jié)三個估計： must,can t,may 三個否定： shouldn t,needn t,mustn t 【中考英語專

47、項復(fù)習-非謂語動詞】非謂語動詞分為三種形式:在句子中充當除謂語以外的句子成分的動詞形式叫做非謂語動詞；不定式,動名詞和分詞分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞；中考非謂語動詞總結(jié)：一后面可跟動詞的 ing 形式的情形1.動詞： finish doing sth. 完成做某事； enjoy doing sth. 喜愛做某事； practice doing sth. 練習做某事； imagine doing, 想象做某事； avoid doing sth. 防止做某事； consider doing sth.考慮做某事； suggest doing sth. 建議做某事； mind doing sth. 介

48、意做某事； keep doing sth.連續(xù)做某事 devote to doing 獻身于某事,置身于某事2.固定短語： feel like doing sth. 喜愛做某事； be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事； be worth doing 值得做某事； spend time in doing sth. 花費時間（金錢）做某事；have difficulty/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困難；have fun doing 3.介詞后 on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by 等 如：

49、be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth. ；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of ；instead of ；be fond of 4.to 作介詞的情形 look forward to doing sth 期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth 與 相比較更喜愛 ； pay attenti

50、on to doing 留意做某事；be/get used to doing sth. 習慣于做某事； make a contribution to 為 做奉獻9 二后面可跟動詞的不定式形式的情形1.動詞： agree to do 同意去做； afford to do 買得起； decide to do 打算去做某事； expect to do 期望去做； manage to do 設(shè)法處理去做 hope to do 期望去做； wish to do 期望去做； fail to do 做某事失敗去；plan to do 準備去做； pretend to do 假裝去做；refuse to do

51、 拒絕去做；would like to do 想要去做； want to do 想要去做某事； learn to do 學做；prefer to do sth. 喜愛做某事； sb. seem to do sth 似乎做某事； want/would like to do sth. 想做 ；used to do sth. 過去常做某事 ;encourage sb to do 勉勵某人去做某事2.句型：allow sb. to do sth. 答應(yīng)某人去做某事asked sb. not to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）tell sb. not to do sth. 叫某人

52、去（不要）做某事 follow sb. to do sth. 跟隨某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 讓某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人做某事 （或不要做某事）be amazed to do sth. 對做某事感到詫異 be afraid to do sth. 可怕做某事be excited to do sth. 對做 感到興奮 be frightened to do sth. 可怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth. 興奮去做某事 be/get ready to do sth. 預(yù)備做某事be sorry to do sth. 對做某事感到愧疚 be surprised to do sth. 對做某事感到詫異cant wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一個做某事的機會It s + adj.+for sb. to do sth. 做某事（對某人來說）怎么樣It s +adj. +of sb. to do sth.It takes sb. som