2011英語考試模擬卷

1、2011年英語期末考試模擬題學(xué)號(hào) 姓名 年級(jí)專業(yè) 題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分評(píng)閱人2011年期末考試題型:(總共100分)第一部分Writing (15分)第二部分:Fast Reading (10分) 快速閱讀為1000字左右,題目為10個(gè)選擇或填空.(技巧:先看題目再?gòu)奈闹姓掖鸢?.第三部分:Listening (35分) 8個(gè)短對(duì)話,2個(gè)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,三篇短文,一篇復(fù)合式聽寫(較難,錄音讀3遍)第四部分:Reading (20分) 共2篇第五部分:Close (完型填空) (10分) 共20個(gè)選擇第六部分:Translation (10分) 中文譯成英文Part I Writing (30 mi

2、nutes)15分Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Self-recommendation。 You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1) 闡明你欲深造的專業(yè)；2) 闡述你的學(xué)業(yè)背景和專業(yè)興趣培養(yǎng)；3) 表明在此深造的目的和理由。注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Sc

3、anning) (15 minutes)10分Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C )and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information

4、given in the passage.Humans Were Born to Run, Fossil Study SuggestsFossil StudyHumans started to jog around two million years ago, according to fossil evidence of some distinctive features of the modern human body.A new study suggests that humans may have left their tree-swinging ancestors behind be

5、cause they developed into endurance runners. This ability, the researchers say, may explain why humans look the way they do today.We are very confident that strong selection for running-which came at the expense of the historical ability to live in trees-was instrumental in the origin of the modern

6、human body form, said Dennis Bramble, a biology professor at the University of Utah.The researchers identified a range of physical traits that suggest human ancestors evolved as distance runners. The adaptation helped them chase down prey and compete more effectively with the speedier carnivores (食肉

7、動(dòng)物) on the open plains of Africa, the study says.We think running is one of the most transforming events in human history, Bramble added. We are arguing the emergence of humans is tied to the evolution of running.The conventional theory is that our distinctive body form derives from an improved walk

8、ing ability in early hominids (原始人類), and that running was simply a byproduct of this earlier adaptation. Also, humans are considered unaccomplished runners when compared to mammals such as pronghorn antelopes (叉角羚), which can sprint at 40 miles an hour (60 kilometers an hour) for several minutes.Bu

9、t Bramble says human running ability is often underestimated. Whats important is combining reasonable speed with exceptional endurance, he said.The study notes that athletic humans can outrun horses and antelopes over extremely long distances. In parts of Africa this technique is still used today by

10、 hunters to exhaust their prey.Bramble adds that walking cannot explain the changes in body form that distinguish humans from Australopithecus (南方古猿).Fossil EvidenceThe study details various adaptations found in early humans-including fossils of Homo erectus and Homo habilis (200萬年前的智人，由南方古猿進(jìn)化而成)-wh

11、ich are required only for running.These adaptation include long, spring-like tendons (腱), such as the Achilles (希臘神阿基里斯) tendon, which store energy and reduce the metabolic (新陳代謝的) costs of running by half. Fossil records suggest the Achilles tendon was absent in Australopithecus.Likewise, the longi

12、tudinal (縱向的) arch of foot-another well-developed set of springs important to running-appears to have evolved with Homo habilis.Long legs are also vital for endurance running, because speed is gained by increasing the length, not rate, of strides. The researchers say long legs, relative to body mass

13、, first appeared some 1.8 million years ago.And because running exposes the body to much higher stresses than walking, the study suggests humans evolved relatively large joint surfaces in the lowers body to act as shock absorbers.Bramble even points to human facial features as evidence that our appe

14、arance was shaped by selection for running. Compared to our apish (像猿的) ancestors, who could run only short distances, we have a more balanced head, flatter face, and smaller teeth and nose. This shifts the center of mass back, so its easier to balance your head when you are bobbing up and down, Bra

15、mble explained. Similarly, broader shoulders, a narrow waist, and shorter forearms-all characteristic of humans among primates-help the upper body to counterbalance the lower body while running.Even our large buttocks (臀部)-conspicuous by their absence in our closed living relatives-are considered cr

16、itical to stabilization while running. Have you ever looked at an ape? Bramble asked. They have no buns (臀部)!If natural selection had not favored running, Bramble said we would still look a lot like apes.Why Run?So why did early humans run when they could walk?Because they sought protein provided by

17、 meat, marrow (骨髓), and brain, said study co-author Daniel Lieberman, anthropology (人類學(xué)) professor at Harvard University.He said: What these features and fossil facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancestors to compete with other carnivores (食肉動(dòng)物) for access

18、to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today.Some scientists have suggested that endurance running was used for pursuing animals before spears, arrows, nets, and other hunting tools were invented. Later it may have employed by hunters to exhaust their prey, allowing them to get c

19、lose enough to use projectiles (射彈).This strategy is still used by the San Bushmen of southern Africa to hunt herd animals like the kudu (一種非洲大羚羊) antelope.However, Lieberman adds, There is very little observational study of this behavior, largely because researchers cannot keep up with the hunters!

20、Another possibility is that humans used their swift feet to reach dead mammals before other scavengers (食腐動(dòng)物). Lieberman said they would have followed clues such as vultures (禿鷹) circling in the distance.He added, We know from the earlier sites that early hominids smashed open limb bones of animals

21、killed by predators and extracted marrow.Chris Stringer is the head of human origins in the department of paleontology (古生物學(xué)) at the Natural History Museum in London. He thinks the new study provides an important new look at human anatomy (解剖學(xué)).I find (Bramble and Lieberman) reexamination and someti

22、mes reinterpretation of features in fossil and recent humans to be generally plausible, although it will require much more complete evidence for the evolution of the skeletons of early humans below the neck to test their ideas properly, Stringer said.He added: From my own research focus, it will be

23、interesting to see how the Neanderthals (穴居人) fit into this scenario, given their distinctive anatomy, body shape, and the temperature-cool environments in which they generally lived. Could they have been more suited to close-range ambush hunting as a strategy, compared with their ancestors and with

24、 modern humans? Today running is regarded as a form of exercise. But perhaps a jog in the park goes much deeper than that: It could be affirmation of the very reason that we are human.1. A new study indicates that humans may have surpassed their tree-swinging ancestors in that _. A) they could run B

25、) they could huntC) they could speak D) they could dance2. With the development of running, human beings no longer have the ability to _. A) live in trees B) live in cavesC) live in woods D) live in cottages3. What has conventionally been believed as the most transforming event in human history? A)

26、Running. B) Hunting. C) Walking. D) Climbing.4. What does Professor Bramble think is important in human running ability? A) Time length and reasonable speed.B) Running skills and reasonable speed.C) Reasonable speed and exceptional endurance.D) Exceptional endurance and Long-distance running.5. Acco

27、rding to the passage, some Africans hunt animals today by _. A) bows and arrows B) spears made of stoneC) digging traps in the ground D) running to exhaust their prey6. Which organs are vital for endurance running that appeared some 1.8 million years ago? A) Long tendons. B) Long legs.C) Long arms.

28、D) Logitudinal feet.7. Why did human evolve large joint surfaces in the lowers body? A) To absorb shocks. B) To reduce stresses.C) To run faster. D) To keep balance.8. compared with our ancestors, our facial features are different from theirs in such aspects as _.9.Our ancestors chose to run when th

29、ey could walk because they needed search for _.10. As to running was a way of preying the animals, there is very little observational study because of the researchers slower _.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) 35分Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations a

30、nd 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), a

31、nd decide which is the best answer. Then marked the corresponding letter on Answer Card with a single line through the center.11. A The man is out of shape. B The man doesnt need a new racket. C The man also needs new tennis shoes. D The man spent too much on his tennis shoes. 12. A She prefers chem

32、istry. B She hasnt got a partner yet. C She is too tired of chemistry.D She is too busy to work on her chemistry. 13. A Customer and waitress.B Teacher and student. C Boss and secretary.D Lawyer and client. 14. A He was satisfied with the service on the ship. B It was the first time he had been abro

33、ad. C He had never been on a warship. D He has been on the warship before. 15. A He is confident.B He is worried. C He is bored.D He is angry. 16. A The woman offered to help the man find his box. B The man doesnt know where to go. C The woman will buy the mans lunch for him. D The woman will give t

34、he man a treatment. 17. A Its enjoyable. B Its terrific. C Its too modern. D Its old-fashioned. 18. A Near the stairs. B On the platform. C At the ticket office. D At the information desk. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A In a college bookstore. B In a lect

35、ure hall. C In a library. D In a dormitory. 20. A English.B Biology. C Introduction to English Literature.D A required course. 21. A He lives on the 10th floor of Butler Hall. B He never wants to listen to students. C He used to teach biology. D He is an excellent professor. Questions 22 to 25 are b

36、ased on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A When to move. B Where to live the following year. C How much time to spend at home. D Whose house to visit. 23. A Take some money to the housing office. B Inform the director of student housing in a letter. C Fill out a form in the library. D Maint

37、ain a high grade average. 24. A Both live on campus. B Both live off campus. C The man lives on campus; the woman lives off campus. D The woman lives on campus; the man lives off campus. 25. A Grades.B Privacy.C Sports.D Money. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At

38、 the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Card with a single line through t

39、he center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A The importance of advertisement. B The societys great need of advertisement. C The origin of advertisement. D The prosperity of advertisement.27. A The local governments. B Their owners families. C Advertiseme

40、nts. D The audience.28. A Advertising is personal. B Advertisements are convincing. C Advertisements are unreliable. D Advertisements are misleading.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A The games shouldnt be held in Salt Lake City. B The games have met the

41、ir environmental goals. C The games did little to protect the environment. D The games have caused lasting damages to the area.30. A Sports competition. B Cultural exchange. C Economic development. D Environmental protection. 31. A Building ski jumps farther away from the city. B Developing better p

42、ublic transportation in the city. C Planting more trees around the fields. D Promoting the use of cleaner energy.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A Diet. B Weight control. C Aerobic exercise. D Eating habits and exercise. 33. A Nuts. B Sugar. C Veget

43、able oil. D Dairy products. 34. A Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week. B Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day. C Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week. D Thirty or forty minutes of exercise three or four days a week. 35. A Carbohydrates. B Indirect fat. C Body f

44、luid. D Fat. 注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上作答。Section CDirection: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36

45、 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the

46、third time, you should check what you have written.Today, students who want to learn English in the US have a wide choice of courses and institutions to (36)_from. And, because the US is such a big country, they also have a huge (37) _of locations in which to study. The US has a long (38) _of teachi

47、ng English because, (39) _its history, the country has welcomed (40) _from all over the world, most of whom have needed to learn English. Today, the USs English language teaching sector is well developed and its teachers are highly qualified and (41) _American universities and colleges welcome many

48、thousands of (42) _students each year, who (43) _on degree or post graduate courses. (44) _ . These courses are called Intensive English Language Programs and (45) _ _ . In addition to language tuition, Intensive English Language Programs give students (46) _ _ .注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。Part IV Reading Comp

49、rehension (Reading in depth ) ( 25 minutes) 20分Section ADirection : In this section, there are three passages with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your c

50、hoices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please put the corresponding letter for each item in the box on Answer Sheet 2. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passages.Movies makers feared for a while that they might b

51、e put out of business by television. Recently, 47 , more people have been going to the movies. This might be partly because the economic situation in America has become 48 . In the movies, you forget your troubles as you get 49 in the story on the screen. Also, directors have been producing pictures

52、 that 50 numbers of people want to see. Americans in the millions are returning to a love affair with the movies. Motion picture manufacture experts see two main 51 for this: an increased need by Americans to 52 from economic worries and a large number of new movies with broad audience 53 . Movie ma

53、kers admit that their 54 popularity is partly the result of poor 55 conditions, which traditionally bring an increase in theater attendance. “When people are fearful about the future, they look for escape,” 56 Jack Valenti, president of the Motion Picture Association of America. “In a shaded theater

54、, with a 65-foot screen, you lose yourself for two and a half hours. People find this beneficial.”A. reasons B. appeal C. exclaims D. however E. rising F. worse G. connected H. economic I. large J. small K. claims L. interest M. escape N. involved O. cultural注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙上作答。Section B Directions: Th

55、ere are 2 passages in this section .Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. Passage

56、One Question 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have be

57、en proven ineffective. The staying power of the “l(fā)ook-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively. The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over de

58、coding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “l(fā)earning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates （倡導(dǎo)者）of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be

59、developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers. However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Cant Read, Flesch indicted（控訴）the nations

60、public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（語音學(xué)）, is far superior. Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate le