高中英語外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空【含答案解析】

1、高中英語外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空【含答案解析】外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空1Reading ComprehensionDirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.BCand D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Stephen Hawking remembered by Bernard Carr8January 1942-14 March 2018The

2、physicist s former research student recalls their close relationship at Cambridge,the sheer might of his intellect, and how he once bored the great man to sleepStephen was not so famous when I began my PhD at Cambridge in 1972,but his brilliancewas already clear to his peers and I found it rather da

3、unting when,on becoming hisresearch student,I was informed by one of my tutors that he was the brightest person inthe department.(1) ,it soon became(2) that my relationship with him wouldnot be the usual type of supervisor-student relationship.In those days,before he had hisentourage of nurses and a

4、ssistants,students would necessarily have to help him invarious ways(3) his disability.This was not an arduous task,but it did mean thatmy relationship with him became quite(4) .Indeed,I shared an office with him,lived with his family for a while and (5) him as he travelled around the world,givingta

5、lks and collecting medals.I soon discovered some of Stephens singular(6) .The first,of course,was that hewas very smart.Students are probably always in awe of their(7) and with Stephenthe awe was even greater.Indeed,on matters of physics,I always regarded him as anoracle,just a few words from him yi

6、elding(產(chǎn)生)insights that would have taken weeksto (8) on my own.However,Stephen was only human and not all encounters ledto illumination.Once I asked a question about something that was(9) me.Hethought about it silently for several minutes and I was quite(10) with myself forasking something that Step

7、hen couldnt answer immediately.His eyes then closed and Iwas even more impressed with myself because he was clearly having to think about it verydeeply.Only after some time did it become clear that he had fallen asleep.Nowadays,Ialso sometimes fall asleep while talking to students,so I recall this i

8、ncident withamusement.The other human side of Stephen is that he didnt suffer fools gladly and sometimes gotannoyed.One of the stories put around is that he would vent his frustration by runningoverstudentstoes.Im not sure about that-he once ran over the toes of the Prince ofWales,and Im sure that w

9、as just an accident.On the other hand,I well recall oneoccasion when I made a remark in the departmental common room at tea time thatshowed I had misunderstood what hed been saying.Stephen screamed “No!so loudlythat his wheelchair shot back halfway across the room under the recoil.I was mostimpresse

10、d that a single word from him could have such(11) consequences.I also learned about Stephens stubbornness and determination to continue doingthings for himself as long as possible,despite the relentless progress of his illness.Forexample,because he had an office in both the department of applied mat

11、hematics andtheoretical physics and the Institute of Astronomy at Cambridge,I also had offices in bothplaces.I recall that he sometimes gave me a lift(probably illegally!)between the twoplaces in his three-wheeled invalid car.I found this rather (12) because I thought hedrove faster than was safe.La

12、ter,he had to discontinue the use of the car but he neverlost his drive and the desire to travel as far and wide as possible.One regret is he didntlive long enough to achieve his dream of going into space.Im often asked where Stephen stands in the pantheon(名流群)of great physicists.Thereare many ways

13、of being a great physicist and they cannot be(13) like runners in anOlympic race.Stephen himself never(14) to have the status of Newton or Einstein,but I strongly disagree with people who suggest that his scientific contributions have been(15) because of his iconic status.His disability was clearly

14、a factor in his becomingso famous,but I doubt any other(16) physicist will achieve the accolade ofbeing interred next to Isaac Newton in Westminster Abbey.Stephen died on Einsteins birthday and was born on the date of Galileos death,so its(17) that heshould be connected to his two greatest heroes in

15、 this way.I doubt Stephen wouldhave attributedmuch significance to this,but he would certainly (18) that we dontunderstand the mystery of time.In any case,the synchronicity is fitting because his firstmajor discovery was that spacetime trajectories can have singular endpoints wherestrange things may

16、 happen.Stephen was the most (19) person Ihave ever knownand I feel truly(20) that he was my friend.1.A.OtherwiseB.NeverthelessC.MoreoverD.Therefore2.A.worldwideB.popularC.evidentD.neutral3.A.in process ofB.on account ofC.in possession ofD.accounting for4.A.familiarB.acquaintedC.intimateD.related5.A

17、.accompaniedB.servedC.treatedD.entertained6.A.habitsB.habitatsC.tempersD.characteristics7.A.supervisorsB.inspectorsC.tutorsD.conductors8.A.work outB.pick outC.put outD.lay out9.A.botheringB.puzzlingC.disorderingD.suffering10 A.satisfiedB.delightedC.impressedD.amused11 A.distantB.dramaticC.remoteD.di

18、stinct12 A.fairyB.chillyC.scaryD.nasty13 A.leveledB.classifiedC.rankedD.awarded14 A.claimedB.appealedC.fastenedD.applied15 A.outnumberedB.emphasizedC.outlinedD.exaggerated16 A.optimisticallyB.potentiallyC.positivelyD.contemporary17 A.magicB.oddC.mysteriousD.procedure18 A.overtakeB.promoteC.confessD.

19、acknowledge19 A.singularB.strangeC.singleD.simple20 A.enjoyableB.gratefulC.privilegedD.rewarding【答案】BCBCA DAABC BCCAD DBDAC【解析】1，根據(jù)前面一句中，我的其他導師告訴我Stephen是整個部門里最耀眼的人，后面說很快我和Stephen的關系不是一般的導師和學生之間的關系可知，作者雖然認為Stephen聰明耀眼，但是與自己關系密切，所以用讓步比較合適，答案選B.2，由本段后文中可推出，我和Stephen關系密切是很明顯的。3，根據(jù)句意是由于霍金的殘疾，所以學生需要以不同方式

20、幫助他，四個選項中B項表示的是由于。4，根據(jù)句意，雖然幫助殘疾的霍金并不是什么艱難的工作，但是這讓我們的關系變得親密起來，所以選C比較合適，其他不適合句意。5，根據(jù)句意，知此處選A合適，意思為；確實，我與霍金在一個辦公室，和他家人同住過一段時間，陪伴他周游世界.6，結合文章第二段和第三段講的都是霍金的一些性格特征，所以知此處應選D.7，由前文知學生通常對自己的導師懷有敬畏之心，supervisor在前文已出現(xiàn)過。8，9，我常常把霍金視作無所不知之人，他的三言兩語就足夠讓我對于困惑著的我的問題產(chǎn)生了新的見解，要沒有他，我估計得自己琢磨好些時間呢。10，復現(xiàn)詞，后文中由，我對于提出了一個連霍金也要

21、思考的問題感到印象深刻。11，我沒有想到他的簡簡單單一個字能產(chǎn)生如此巨大的后果。12，我覺的這相當不安全，隨意反推知霍金開車是相當嚇人了。13，經(jīng)常有人問我霍金在偉大物理學家群中地位如何，可是成為一個偉大的物理學家由太多種方式，并不能像奧運會中的賽跑者一樣被排名。14，霍金他自己從來沒有聲稱過自己和牛頓和愛因斯坦一樣牛掰。15，我強烈的反對有人說霍金的名氣夸大了他的科學貢獻。16，當然，他的殘疾是使他出名的因素之一，但是我懷疑當代由任何的科學家能夠有資格埋在牛頓墳墓旁。17，霍金的忌日是愛因斯坦的誕辰，霍金的誕辰又是伽利略的忌日，所以以如此額方式把霍金和其他兩位科學家聯(lián)系在一起很奇怪。18，我

22、懷疑這事和霍金有關，但是他肯定不會承認我們懂得時間的奧秘。（霍金說任何的同步性是合理的，因為他的第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)就是時間的軌道會有一些奇怪的結點，而在這些結點會有奇怪的事情發(fā)生。）19，霍金是我認識并了解的當中最奇特的一個，所以選A比較合適。20，并且能與他為友，我倍感榮幸。外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空2Reading ComprehensionDirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the w

23、ord or phrase that best fits the context.Country diary:a chainsaw massacre in the alder woodsOn an overcast,drizzly afternoon at Durham Wildlife Trusts Low Barns nature (1) ,alder provided the brightest splash of colour in the (2) .A tree had been felled and sawn into (3) .Chainsaw wounds on this sp

24、ecies can look like a massacre,because soon after the timber is cut,it turns a lurid shade of red,almost like blood,in stark contrast to the battleship-grey bark.(4) those wounds,which briefly (5) raw meat,fade to orange and finally to chestnut brown.When this reserve was established half a century

25、ago,around old gravel pits(采沙場），some moisture-loving alders were planted to help (6) a bare,windswept site.Alder wood is one of the finest sources of charcoal,and the plantation trees are old enough now to be coppiced,to produce barbecue fuel.There is also an important natural alder wood here,create

26、d by a cataclysm almost two and a half centuries ago,which led to the designation of the reserve as a site of special scientific interest.The Great Flood of 1771 (7) Weardale,washing away bridges all the way to the coast.When the water subsided,the course of the River Wear had (8) half a mile south,

27、and the old riverbed became what is now the reserves Long Alder Wood,the finest example of its kind in the region.When it sometimes floods,this tangle of gnarled(蒼勁鱗峋的）trees has a (9) of the Florida Everglades(佛羅里達大沼澤)about it,with mossy,fallen trunks sinking back into the ooze(淤泥).Year round,there

28、are wonderful (10) to watch birds from an embankment level with the tree canopy.This afternoon an acrobatic flock of about 3o goldfinches(金翅雀）(11) and chattered through the twigs,feeding on tiny seeds that fall from the woody cones.Sadly,since the mid-199os,another (12) has befallen this locally (13

29、) woodland:alder dieback disease has killed around half the mature trees.Coppicing is leading to some regeneration,though in this precious (14) dead timber is allowed to lay where it falls,reserved for the needs of a (15) community of fungi,invertebrates and woodpeckers,rather than back-garden burge

30、r-flippers on summer evenings.1.A.reserveB.preserveC.conserveD.deserve2.A.sceneB.viewC.scopeD.landscape3.A.logsB.materialsC.resourcesD.sources4.A.EverlastinglyB.EventuallyC.ContinuallyD.Sustainably5.A.assembleB.presentC.overcastD.resemble6.A.rejuvenateB.revegetateC.reformD.remain7.A.gone throughB.go

31、t throughC.swept throughD.cut through8.A.changedB.shiftedC.reversedD.revised9.A.clueB.plotC.evidenceD.hint10 A.opportunitiesB.possibilitiesC.alternativesD.probabilities11 A.schemedB.crawledC.bouncedD.scattered12 A.misfortuneB.catastropheC.setbackD.adversity13 A.uniqueB.peculiarC.especialD.particular

32、14 A.frontierB.territoryC.habitatD.boundary15 A.variousB.versatileC.multipleD.diverse【答案】 1-5 ADABD 6-10 BCBDA 11-15 CBACD 【解析】1，reserve有保護區(qū)的意思。2，阿爾德木給這景色添上了燦爛的一筆（阿爾德木顏色后面有寫）3，一棵大樹被砍下哎，很快被整理修建成了伐木。4，5，這些被砍下的樹木口一開始顏色像生肉，然后會褪成橙色，最終變成栗棕色。6，半個世紀之前，這個保護區(qū)被建立的時候，這個地方還是個老舊額采砂場，為了讓這片光禿禿的表面有些生機，喜愛潮濕的阿爾德木就此被種下

33、。revegetate是讓.有生機，繼續(xù)生長的意思。7，由后面的washing away可知，前面選C比較合適，swept through席卷。8，當洪水退去的時候，River Wear的河道向南半公里（洪水改變了河道走向)9,有時候當洪水要來的時候，這片佛羅里達大沼澤的阿爾德木會顯現(xiàn)出不一樣的跡象，暗示洪水的到來。10，年復一年，由很多機會可以看見鳥兒遷徙。11，金翅雀在樹林間跳躍私語。12，13， 自20世紀90年代中后期之后，災難再次降臨在這片對于當?shù)囟元氁粺o二的林區(qū)。14，在這邊珍貴的棲息地15，被砍伐的樹木可以放置在原地，以滿足不同真菌生長繁衍。外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空3素材源：英

34、國衛(wèi)報（原文有刪改）Guardian graphicGlobal team of scientists find ecosystem below earth that is twice the size of worlds oceansReading ComprehensionDirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits

35、the context.Scientists identify vast underground ecosystemThe Earth is far more alive than 1 thought,according todeep lifestudiesthat reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of that found inall the worlds oceans.Despite extreme heat,no light,minuscule nutrition and int

36、ense pressure,scientistsestimate this subterranean biosphere is teeming with between 15bn and 23bn tonnes ofmicro-organisms,hundreds of times the combined weight of every human on the planet.Researchers at the Deep Carbon Observatory say the2of underworldspecies bears comparison to the Amazon or the

37、 Galapagos Islands,but unlike thoseplaces the environment is still largely original because people have yet to 3 mostof the subsurface.The team combines 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in 4 ranging fromgeology and microbiology to chemistry and physics.A year before the conclusion of their10-year

38、study,they will 5 an amalgamation(融合）of findings to date before theAmerican Geophysical Unions annual meeting opens this week.Samples were taken from boreholes more than 5km deep and undersea drilling sites toconstruct 6 of the ecosystem and estimate how much living carbon it mightcontain.One organi

39、sm found 2.5km below the surface has been buried for millions of years andmay not 7 at all on energy from the sun.Instead,the methanogen(甲烷微生物) has found away to create methane in this low 8 environment,which it may not use toreproduce or divide,but to replace or repair broken parts.The strangest th

40、ing is thatsome organisms can exist for millennia.They are metabolically active but in stasis,withless energy than we thought possible of 9 life.Rick Colwell,a microbial ecologist at Oregon State University,said the timescales ofsubterranean life were completely different.Some microorganisms have be

41、en alive forthousands of years,barely moving except for 10 in the tectonic plates,earthquakes or eruptions.Underworld biospheres vary depending on geology and geography.Their combined sizeis estimated to be more than 2bn cubic kilometers,but this could be 11 further inthe future.The researchers said

42、 their discoveries were made possible by two technical advances:drills that can penetrate far deeper below the Earths crust,and improvements inmicroscopes that allow life to be 12 at decreasingly minute levels.The scientists have been trying to find a lower limit beyond which life cannot exist,butth

43、e deeper they dig the more life they find.There is a temperature maximum-currentlyl22C-but the researchers believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring anddeveloping more 13 instruments.Mysteries remain,including whether life colonizes up from the depths or down fromchemical processes,a

44、nd what this mightthe surface,how the microbes 14 revealing about how life and the Earth co-evolved.The scientists say some findings enter the realm of philosophy and exobiology-thestudy of extraterrestrial life.Robert,a mineralogist at the Carnegie Institution forScience,said:We must ask ourselves:

45、if life on Earth can be this different from whatexperience has led us to expect,then what strangeness might 15 as we probe forlife on other worlds?1.A.comparativelyB.dramaticallyC.elegantlyD.previously2.A.varietyB.diversityC.variabilityD.transformation3.A.distinguishB.faintC.probeD.drain4.A.discipli

46、nesB.subjectsC.regionsD.branches5.A.deliberateB.exposeC.presentD.promote6.A.patternsB.modelsC.imitationsD.assumptions7.A.relyB.focusC.concentrateD.touch8.A.nutritionB.elementC.fuelD.energy9.A.earningB.supportingC.breedingD.generating10 A.conditionsB.stabilities C.shiftsD.transmissions11 A.extendedB.

47、expandedC.calculatedD.tempted12 A.scratchedB.mortgagedC.monitoredD.detected13 A.sophisticatedB.feasibleC.preciseD.rough14 A.stick toB.strive forC.interact withD.see to15 A.awaitB.alterC.eraseD.knit【詞匯詳解】注意：參考答案是本頁右下方：釋義及例句來自柯林斯詞典minuscule/mn,skju:1/ADJIf you describe something as minuscule,you mean

48、that it is very small.極小的例：The film was shot in 17 days,a minuscule amount of time.這部電影用了短短的17天就拍攝完成了。teem /ti:m/(teeming,teemed,teems)V-I If you say that a place is teeming with people or animals,you mean that it is crowded and thepeople and animals are moving around a lot.擠滿例：For most of the year,

49、the area is teeming with tourists.一年的大部分時間里這個地方都擠滿了游客.bears comparison to比得上.：可與.相媲美【答案】DBCAC BADBC BDACA【解析】1. 副詞辨析，第一句話句意：地球遠比我們以前所想的更有活力，故選previously。A.相對地 B.顯著地 C 優(yōu)雅地意思都不合適。2. 名詞辨析，此處主要區(qū)分variety和diversity，前者是various的名詞形式，主要側重點在不同品種，常用固定搭配“a variety of”;后者強調(diào)事物的多樣性，常用固定搭配“the diversity of”此處句意：地下物

50、種的多樣性，故選Diversity.3. 動詞辨析,A.區(qū)分 B.暈厥 C.探索 D.促進；前面“is still largely original”可判斷，人類尚未probe，have yet to=have not。4. 固定用法，in disciplines 在各個領域、學科方面；由后文“ranging from geology and.to chemistry and physics”克制，5. 動詞辨析，A.仔細考慮 B.暴露 C.呈現(xiàn)，出席 D. 提升；將會在美國地球物理聯(lián)合會年會之前提出迄今為止的綜合調(diào)查結果。6. 名詞辨析，A.模式 B.模型 C.模仿 D.設想；探索場地建立模

51、型，故選models.7. 固定搭配，A.依靠 B.C.集中精力于 D.涉及，碰到；可能不依賴于來自太陽的能源，故選rely.8. 名詞辨析，由上文“not rely at all on energy form sun”可知選energy.9. 動詞辨析,用比我們所認為的，更少的能源來支撐我們的生活，故選supporting10. 名詞辨析，A.條件 B.穩(wěn)定 C.轉換，替換 D.傳播，發(fā)射；除了地殼板塊運動以外幾乎不移動，根據(jù)barely moving可知后面對應的應選C.shifts11. 動詞辨析，A.延伸 B.擴大 C.積累 D.誘惑；未來他們結合的規(guī)模會擴大，故選expanded.1

52、2. 動詞辨析,A.抓 B.抵押 C.監(jiān)測 D.發(fā)覺，察覺；讓生命可以以遞減的微小水平被發(fā)覺。13. 形容詞辨析，A精密的 B.可行的 C.精確的 D.艱難的；儀器是精密的，故選sophisticated。14. 固定搭配，A.堅持 B.爭取 C.與相互作用 D.照顧；這些微生物是如何相互作用的揭示了生命和地球是如何共同進化的。15. 動詞辨析，A.等待 B.改變 C.清除 D.編織；當我們在探索其他世界的生命時，等待著什么樣的奇異呢？故選await.外刊英國衛(wèi)報改編完形填空4Section A (15%)Directions: For each blank in the following

53、passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.BT removing Huawei equipment from parts of 4G networkBT has confirmed it is removing Huawei equipment from key areas of its 4G network after concerns were raised about

54、the Chinese firms presence in (1)_telecoms infrastructure.The company said the removals were merely the continuation of a policy which beganthe mobile phone carrier EE in 2o15,to ensure that both parts of thewhen it(2)_combined network adopt the same technology.Many peripheral parts of BT and EEs sy

55、stems still (3)_Huawei equipment,and there were no plans to (4)_ that.Governments in the US,New Zealand and Australia have already moved to(5)_the use of Huaweis equipment as part of the future rollout of 5G networks.Earlier thisweek the head of MI6 also suggested the UK needed to decide if it wasco

56、mfortablewithChinese ownership of the technology being used.On Wednesday it (6)_ hat Canada has arrested Huaweis global chief financialofficer in Vancouver,where she is facing extradition to the US in a move likely toexacerbate tensions between the US and China.BT confirmed ina(7)_that it was in the

57、 process of removing Huaweiequipment from the key parts of its 3G and 4G networks to meet an existing(8)_policy not to have the Chinese firm at the centre of its infrastructure.Under BTs“21st Century Network programme”,the company uses Frances Alcatel-Lucent (which was bought by Nokia in 2016)and US

58、-based Cisco to provide corehardware.However,Huawei has still been(9)_in the network,providing thetechnology that powers the telephone exchanges,and also the optical fibre thatconnects the network core.“Were(10)_these same principles to our current RFP(request for proposal)for 5G core infrastructure

59、,BT said.“As a result,Huawei have not been included invendor selection for our 5G core.Huawei remains an important equipment provideroutside the core network and a valued(11)_ partner.”Most notably,Huawei has been(12)_ involved in EEs provision of the newemergency services network(ESN),a 1.2bn Home

60、Office-led project to replace theageing voice-only airwave system that powers police,ambulance and fire brigade radioswith a 4G-capable network that covers all of the UKs major and minor roads.Earlier thisyear,BTs Simon Frumkin,the head of the ESN project,described the company as a “keypartner”.Othe