仁愛英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unittopic重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納及練習(xí)

1、Unit5ChinaandtheWorldTopic1Chinaattractsmillionsoftouristsfromallovertheworld.一.重要句型：SectionAItsbeentwoyearssinceMr.AndMrs.cametoChina.格林夫婦來中國(guó)已經(jīng)兩年了。“Itsbeen+時(shí)間段+since+從句.”句型，表示自從有時(shí)間了?！眲澗€部分是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞country。關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不能省略，此處還可以用which。Chinaisagreatcountrythathasabout5000yearsofhistory.中國(guó)是一個(gè)擁有約五

2、千年歷史的大國(guó)。thathasabout5000yearsofhistory是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾名詞country，country是先行詞，that是關(guān)系代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，也可以用whichoThereareagreatnumberofriversinChina.中國(guó)有許多河流。anumberof意為“許多、大量”，后接名詞或代詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Anumberofoutfromthelibraryeveryday.圖書館每天有很多書被借走。agreatnumberof=alargenumberof=largenumbersof大量，許多thenumberof意為“的

3、數(shù)量/數(shù)目”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolisabout280(我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)大約是2800人。Amongthem,theChangjiangRiveristhelongestoneandthesecondlongestistheHuangheRiver.其中長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流，黃河位居第二。thesecondlongest意為第二長(zhǎng)”，在形容詞的最高級(jí)家上序數(shù)詞second，表示第二ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChinaandBeijingissecondbiggestone.上海是中國(guó)最

4、大的城市，北京位居第二。TheyrethebirthplacesofChineseculture.她們是中國(guó)文化的發(fā)源地。IcanfetchyouGuidetoChina.ItsabookwhichintroducesChinaindetail.我可以拿中國(guó)指南給你，這本書詳細(xì)介紹了中國(guó)。(1)fetchv.取來，取，指從此處到別處去1把人帶來或是把物取來。常用句型：fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.給某人取某物；get與fetch意思差不多，常用于口語(yǔ)。Goandgetsomewater.去弄點(diǎn)水來。Ineedsomemeatforthesoup.Couldyoufet

5、chmesome我需要些肉來煮湯。你能給我拿些嗎？introducesb./sth.介紹某人/某物；introducesb./sth.tosb.向某人介紹某人/某物；introduceoneselftosb.向某人自我介紹；introduction(名詞)指示，說明；Readtheintroductionsonthebottlebeforeyoutakethemedicine吃藥之前，先看瓶子上的說明。whichintroduces為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞book。Itsamountainwithlotsofstrangepinetrees.它是一座長(zhǎng)著很多奇松的山。（1）with+名詞，作后置定語(yǔ)

6、“長(zhǎng)著，有著，帶著”。Ilikethechairwiththreelegs.我喜歡那把三條腿的椅子。strange(形容詞)奇怪的，陌生的；stranger(名詞)陌生人；Doyouknowwhatsstrange你知道有什么奇怪的嗎？Doyouknowthisstranger你知道這個(gè)陌生人？ItliesinAnhuiProvince.它位于安徽省境內(nèi)。lie表方位“位于”常與介詞搭配，常是介詞+the+方向。liein表示“位于內(nèi)”，兩者是包含關(guān)系。GuangzhouliesinthesouthofChina.廣州在中國(guó)的南方。lieon表示在某一方，地點(diǎn)與地點(diǎn)是相鄰關(guān)系。如河北與河南之間

7、相鄰。ShandongliesontheeastofHenan.山東在河南的東部。lieto表示地點(diǎn)與地點(diǎn)之間相隔。如福建與臺(tái)灣。ShanghailiestothesouthofBeijing.上海在北京的南部。lieoff后不直接加方向詞，而是為某一地點(diǎn)，常為海岸等。常指水中島嶼等，意“相隔、相離”ManyislandslieoffChinaseastcoast.中國(guó)的東海岸有很多島嶼。SectionBWhatgrandbuildings!多宏偉的建筑啊！BecauseyellowwasasymbolofimperialpowerinancientChina.因?yàn)樵诠糯闹袊?guó)，黃色是帝王權(quán)力

8、的象征。asymbolof的象征；Thewhitebirdisasymboloffreedom.這白色的鳥是自由的象徵。Whatarethoseanimalsthatarecarvedonthestones那些刻在在石頭上的是什么動(dòng)物？Itssaidthattheyrepowerfulanimalswhichguardthewholenation.據(jù)說它們是守護(hù)整個(gè)國(guó)家的威猛動(dòng)物。兩句均為定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞都是animals，關(guān)系代詞可用that或which，且在從句中均作主語(yǔ)。練一練：.Iwillneverforgettheday_wespentinoldtownwithsmallhouses

9、.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whatIdidntseeyoulastnight.WheredidyougoIwenttoseeamoviecalledComingHome_wasdirectedbyZhangYimou.A.whoB.whomC.whenD.whichInancientChina,emperorsthoughtthattheythemselvesweretherealdragonsandthesonsofHeaven.在古代的中國(guó)，帝王們認(rèn)為他們自己是真龍?zhí)熳印ndthedragonhasbecomeasymboloftheChinesenation.而且龍已經(jīng)成

10、為中華民族的象征了。ItalsoplaysanimportantpartinChinesefestivals.它在中國(guó)節(jié)日中也扮演著重要的角色。playa/anpart=playa/anrole扮演一個(gè)角色，起作用，有影響；Televisionplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife.電視在我們的日常生活中起著重要的作用。SectionCTheseearlywallsthatweremadeofpackedearthandwoodworeawayintherainandwind.這些早期由成袋的土和木頭建立的城墻在風(fēng)雨中磨損了。that是連詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句從句。先行

11、詞是wall。wore為wear的過去式，wearaway消逝；磨損；消耗殆盡；wearout穿破；磨損；(使)筋疲力盡；耗盡；wearoff磨損；磨掉；逐漸減弱；逐漸消失；練一練：Watercanrocksafteralongtime,eventhoughtherockisharder.A.wearoffB.wearoutC.wearonD.wearawayThoseMingDynastyrulersdidnotexpectthatitwouldlaterbeusedtobringtouristsintoChina.那些明朝的統(tǒng)治者們不曾設(shè)想到后來萬(wàn)里長(zhǎng)城為中國(guó)帶來游客。that是連詞，引導(dǎo)

12、賓語(yǔ)從句。expect是動(dòng)詞，意為“期待，期望”，通常其后加名詞作賓語(yǔ)。常見句型：expecttodosth.期待做某事；expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事；expect+that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。練一練：.Youlooksad.WhathashappenedEveryoneustowinthematch,butwelost.A.expectsB.expectedC.hopesD.hoped.MaryistiredoflearningbecausesheistodobetterThanshecan,bothatschoolandathome.A.thoughtB.hopedC.he

13、lpedD.expected.Itsso.WhynotwritethereporttomorrowButIdontknowIcandoitifnotnow.A.whyB.whenC.howD.whereWhatsthetouristattractionandwhereisit這個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)是什么？在哪里？befamousfor因而出名；HangzhouisfamousforWestLake.杭州因西湖而出名。befamousas=beknownas作為而著稱；Luxunisfamousasawriter.魯迅作為作家而著稱。SectionDThehomeoftea,whichhasmoretha

14、n4000yearsofhistory,isChina.whichhasmorethan4000yearsofhistory是由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞tea，which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，而且定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞tea之間用逗號(hào)隔開，這種定語(yǔ)從句在句中起補(bǔ)充說明的作用，去掉之后意思依然清楚，此時(shí)的which不可用that代替，這種定于從句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而前面兩個(gè)話題所學(xué)的定語(yǔ)從句稱為限制性定語(yǔ)從句。PeoplethroughoutChinadrinkteadaily.中國(guó)人每天喝茶。throughout是介詞，意為遍及，在各處”，相當(dāng)于allover/around。Peopleth

15、roughouttheworldlovepeace.全世界人民都熱愛和平。TeafromChina,alongwithsilkandporcelain,begantobeknownbytheworldoverathousandyearsago.和絲綢、瓷器一樣，中國(guó)的茶葉在一千年多年前就被世人所知。alongwith意為“與在一起，與同樣地；除以外（還）”,相當(dāng)togetherwith/with；together/alongwith+名詞放在主語(yǔ)之后作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定就遠(yuǎn)原則。Theboyalongwiththetwinsgoestothelibrary.那個(gè)男孩和

16、雙胞胎一起去圖書館。練一練：Mycousinalongwithherparentsvisitmyhousethisafternoon.A.aregoingtoB.isgoingtoC.gotoD.goesto4.0verthepastcenturies,Chinesepeoplehavedevelopedtheiruniqueteaculture,includingteaplanting,tea-leafpicking,teamakingandteadrinking.在過去的幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，中國(guó)人就已經(jīng)發(fā)展了獨(dú)特的茶文化，包括種茶、摘茶、制茶和喝茶。練一練：Chinagreatchangesthep

17、asttenyears.A.experienced,inB.isexperiencing,overC.hasexperienced,overexperiences,during(2)including介詞，意為“包括，包括”.其后跟名詞詞，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。練一練：IvegotthreedaysholidayNewYearsDay.A.onB.inC.atD.including二.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句(II)l.who指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)不能省略，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.YesterdayIhelpedan

18、oldmanwholosthisway.*2.whom指人，為who的賓格形式，在句中只能作賓語(yǔ)。其前面沒有介詞時(shí)，也可用who/that代替，也可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。Theman(who/whom)youmetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主語(yǔ))Thisisthepen(which)heboughty

19、esterday.(which在句子中做賓語(yǔ))4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主語(yǔ))Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning(在句子中做賓語(yǔ))5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)，不可省略。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來

20、代替Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow*具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問題：1、只能使用that,不用which的情況：1）當(dāng)先行詞是：all,any,anything,everything,nothing或被它們修飾時(shí)。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou有什么

21、可以為你做的嗎？2）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。Thatisoneofthemostinterestingbooksthataresoldinthebookshop.那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。3）當(dāng)先行詞有：theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修飾時(shí)。例如：Mynecklaceisnottheonlythingthatsmissing.我的項(xiàng)鏈不僅是丟掉的東西。4）當(dāng)主句以who或which開頭時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞用that,不用which或who，以避免重復(fù)。例如：Whoisthegirlthatiswearingaredcoat正穿一件紅色外

22、套的女孩子是誰(shuí)？5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，用that。例如：Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutarereallywellknown.你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實(shí)很著名。2、只用which不用that的情況：1）關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)；ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived.2）?非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中；作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。Thatnecklace,whichyougavemeasapresent,waslostyesterday.3）先行詞本身是that時(shí)；Theclockisthatwhichtell

23、sthetime非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。（非限）Thereissomebodyherewhowantstospeaktoyou這里有人要和你說話（限制性）4）which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which可以作主語(yǔ)，也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，多數(shù)情況下意思是與andthis相似，并可以指人。H

24、edidverywellinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.在比賽中他做的很好，這使他的父母很開心。*關(guān)系代詞whom，which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將whom與which與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面，Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroomwhichwehadlivedinfortenyears.這個(gè)房間我們住了十年。*像listento,lookat,takecareof等固

25、定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開。例如：Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.三重點(diǎn)詞組：Itstwoyearssince+過去時(shí)的句子自從已經(jīng)有兩年了；livewithsb.和居?。籥bout5000yearsofhistory大約5000年的歷史；9.thenumberof的數(shù)量（飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂單）;10.thesecondlongestriver第二長(zhǎng)的河；11.thebirthplaceof的出生地/發(fā)源地；12.fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.給某人取某物；13.indetail詳盡地；14.liein位于

26、（之內(nèi)）；15.lieon位于（相鄰）；16.lieto位于（之外）；17.gothrough穿過；18.aheightof的咼度；19.alengthof的長(zhǎng)度；20.allovertheworld=aroundtheworld全世界；21.beworthdoingsth.值得做某事；22.theroofsofmostbuilding大部分建筑的屋頂；23.asymbolofimperialpower帝王權(quán)力的象征；24.carveonthestones刻在石頭上；25.guardthewholenation守護(hù)整個(gè)國(guó)家；26.therealdragonsandthesonsofHeaven

27、真龍?zhí)熳樱?7.becomeasymboloftheChinesenation成為中華民族的象征；28.playa/anpart=playa/anrole扮演個(gè)角色，起manyplacesofinterestmillionsoftouristsknowmuch/littleabout.,hasyearsofhistoryanumberof時(shí)謂復(fù)）；許多名勝古跡；數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的游客；對(duì)（不）太了解；有年的歷史；許多的/大量的（飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，做主語(yǔ)作用，有5.36.37.起;39.掉;41.42.43.影響；showsb,aroundpowerfulanimals

28、thePalaceMuseumpeoplescommentsthegreatestwondersoftheworldstretchfromToatreasureofChinesecivilizationabout8800kilometerslongtheWarringStatesPeriodjoinallthethesesmallerwallstogether帶某人參觀；強(qiáng)悍的動(dòng)物；故宮；人們的評(píng)語(yǔ)；世界最偉大的奇觀；從延伸到；中華文明的瑰寶；大約8800米長(zhǎng)；戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期；把所有這些小城墻連在joinwearawaytogetherfromseparateregardasthefirstempe

29、ror將連在一起；（使）磨滅，（使）磨損，（使）磨把把看作;第一個(gè)皇帝；分開;44.theMingdynasty明代；45.wearaway消逝；磨損；消耗殆盡；46.wearout穿破；磨損；（使）筋疲力盡；耗盡;47.wearoff磨損；磨掉；逐漸減弱；逐漸消失;48.befamousfor以而著名；49.divideinto把分成；50.touristattraction旅游景點(diǎn)；51.beinterestedin對(duì)感到興趣；52.befamousas=beknownas作為而著稱；53.thehomeoftea茶的故鄉(xiāng)；54.thethreemajordrinks三種主要飲品；55.a

30、longwith與在一起，與同樣地；除以外（還）956.teaplanting種茶；57.tea-leafpicking摘茶；58.teamaking制茶；59.teadrinking喝茶；60.soundsimilartothepronunciationof聽起來與的發(fā)音相似；61.animportantChineseexport中國(guó)的重要出口產(chǎn)品；62.themildclimate溫和的氣候；63.richsoil肥沃的土地；64.Chinesecharacter漢字；65.developtheiruniqueteaculture發(fā)展獨(dú)特的茶文化；四練習(xí)：A.選擇題：Zunyiisagre

31、atcityhasmanyplacesofinterest.A.whoB.thatC.whatD./TodayisSunday.Therearepeopleinthepark.A.muchB.thenumberofC.agreatnumberofD.alotLook,thereisaguideoverthere.HeisintroducingthevisitorsthePalaceMuseumdetail.A.ofB.onC.withD.inTaiwanliesthesoutheastofChina.ItsaplacethatisworthA.in,visitingB.in,tovisitin

32、gC.to,visitD.to,visitingIaskedKatetomemybook,butshebroughtmeherbook.A.takeB.fetchC.carryD.catchCouldyoupleasedescribeyourhometownA.indetailB.attentivelyC.difficultlyD.hardlyThisisthedictionaryMumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whomWewillgototheparkifittomorrow.A.isnt?rain?B.doesnt?rain?C.w

33、ont?rain?D.dont?rainItsworthyourtimewhenyouvisittheGreatWall.A.take?B.to?take?C.taking?D.taken10.1sthisuniversityyourelderbrotherwillchoosethisyearA.theoneB.thatC.whereD.whoInmostareasofnorthChina,thetemperaturealwayskeepszeroinwinter.A.underB.overC.onD.belowMynewcaronmywayhomeyesterday.A.breakeddow

34、nB.breaksdownC.brokedownD.wasbrokendownThebookIboughtyesterdayislost.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.whomPeopleswayoflifeinthenorthisquitedifferentfrominthesouth.A.thatB.theseC.isD.thisYouretootiredandthirsty.Stayhere.Illyousomewater.Thankyou.A.takeB.fetchC.wantD.carryWhichdoyouprefer,sodaorcoffeeIlikeofthem.Te

35、aismyfavorite.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.noneNotonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherintheclassroom,thatistosay,thestudentsaswellastheteacherintheclassroom.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;isWhatareyougoingtodothisweekendItogetherwithmyclassmatesgoingtoclimbMountTai.A.isB.amC.areD.wereTheJapanesecharacterfort

36、eaiswrittenthesameasitisinChinese,thoughitspronounceddifferently.A,mainlyB.exactlyC.mostlyD.probablyTom,hisclassmates,wenttothezooyesterday.A.withalongB.alongwithC.noD.camealongB.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Theoldhouse(surround)bytreesandmountains.Thefilmiswellworth(see).Canyouintroduce(you)Thereisadog(lie)ontheground.Thenewstudentsarenotusedto(be)awayfromhome.TheYellowRiveris(two)longestriverinChina.Now,moreandmore(tour)arecomingtoBeijingtovisittheGreatWall.Playingcomputergamesissoexcitingthatchildrenoftenlose(they)init.Wehavetostayathome