高一英語(yǔ)同步課件：Module 1 Europe - Reading（外研版必修3）

1、1situated adj.1)位于的；坐落在的The school is situated in the suburbs.這所學(xué)校位于郊外。2)處于境地的He is awkwardly situated.他處境困難。知識(shí)拓展be situated on/in/at. 位于的；坐落在的；處于地位(境遇、狀態(tài))的另外，be located at/in/on.及l(fā)ie/stand/sit in/at/on.也表示“位于的；處于的位置”。situate vt. 使位于；使處于situation n. 情形；境遇；(建筑物等的)位置situational adj. 位置的；處境的；形勢(shì)的；地/職位的即

2、學(xué)即用Microsoft is well _ to exploit the new market.Asituate BsituatingCsituated Dsituation答案：C2locate1)vt.確定的位置；探明；找到Locate the remains of a sunken ship.發(fā)現(xiàn)沉船殘骸。把設(shè)置(在)；使坐落于(常用被動(dòng))The restaurant is located near the museum.那家飯店開(kāi)設(shè)在博物館附近。2)vi. 安頓下來(lái)；定居The company hopes to locate in its new office by June.公司希

3、望六月份之前遷入新址辦公。知識(shí)拓展location n. 安頓；定位；位置；場(chǎng)所locative adj. 方位格的；表示位置的locator n. 探測(cè)器；定位器；雷達(dá)高考直擊(2008上海)Ideally_for Broadway theaters and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favourite with many guests.AlocatingBbeing locatedChaving been located Dlocated解析：“因?yàn)樘幱?極為方便就能到達(dá)的)百老匯劇院和第五大道的理想之地，紐約公園賓館成為大批客人

4、的首選之處。”句中l(wèi)ocated for.為表狀態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞，作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于Because it is ideally located for.。答案：D即學(xué)即用完成句子The offices are conveniently _ just a few minutes from the main station.答案：located3symbol n. 象征；符號(hào)Dove is the symbol of peace.鴿子是和平的象征。知識(shí)拓展symbolism n. 象征主義/手法symbolic adj. 象征性的；symbolize v. 象征；代表symbol of sth. 的象

5、征symbol for sth. 的符號(hào)、代號(hào)、記號(hào)symbolize vt. 象征；是的象征；代表詞語(yǔ)辨析symbol, mark, sign1)symbol符號(hào)、記號(hào)或象征，尤其指用有形實(shí)物代抽象的實(shí)體。2)mark標(biāo)記、斑點(diǎn)、痕跡、商標(biāo)、分?jǐn)?shù)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、刻度、記號(hào)，為某一特定目的而做的標(biāo)記或有意、無(wú)意留下的痕跡。3)sign符號(hào)、招牌、征兆、記號(hào)、手勢(shì)，代表有固定意義的符號(hào)或標(biāo)記。即學(xué)即用What is the chemical for copper?AsymbolBsignCmarkDsymbolism答案：A4produce vt. 生產(chǎn)；制造n. (土特)產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品That fact

6、ory produces cars.那家工廠生產(chǎn)小汽車。知識(shí)拓展producer n. 生產(chǎn)商；制造商；制片人productive adj. 多產(chǎn)的；富饒的；生產(chǎn)性的produce evidence 提出證據(jù)produce electricity 發(fā)電the agricultural produce 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品the native produce 土特產(chǎn)品production n. 生產(chǎn)；制造；(藝術(shù)、影視等)作品；產(chǎn)品flow line production 流水生產(chǎn)daily production 日產(chǎn)量詞語(yǔ)辨析produce, product, production單詞produceprod

7、uctproduction數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞詞義農(nóng)產(chǎn)品或沒(méi)有加工過(guò)的自然產(chǎn)品的總稱產(chǎn)物、產(chǎn)品，多指工業(yè)產(chǎn)品；亦可指任何體力勞動(dòng)或腦力勞動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的東西可以指生產(chǎn)的行為“生產(chǎn)、制造”，也可指產(chǎn)量或(藝術(shù)、影視等)作品，產(chǎn)品例句Things produced on a farm are produce.在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里生產(chǎn)的東西為農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。Machinery, cars, ships are all industrial products.機(jī)器、車、輪船都是工業(yè)產(chǎn)品。This book is the product of 5 years hard work.這本書是5年辛勤勞動(dòng)的結(jié)果。Produc

8、tion is up this month.本月產(chǎn)量提高了。The production of the crops was damaged by the storm.莊稼的收成被那場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴毀了。高考直擊(2009安徽)The play_next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.Aproduced Bbeing producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced解析：考查了不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。由句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next month可以看出指將來(lái)時(shí)間，又因?yàn)閜lay和produce是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選用不定式

9、的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案：C即學(xué)即用Can you_any proof(證據(jù))that you werent near the bank at the time of the robbery?Ahave BintroduceCproduce Dgain答案：C5project n. C計(jì)劃；項(xiàng)目；工程They formed a project to build a new school building.他們擬定了蓋一幢新教學(xué)樓的計(jì)劃。It is an irrigation project founded by the government.這是一個(gè)由政府出資的灌溉工程。知識(shí)拓展project /pr

10、dekt/ v. 投射，發(fā)射The slide was projected on the screen.幻燈片被投射在銀幕上。即學(xué)即用完成句子The housing development will go ahead next year.計(jì)劃中的住宅建設(shè)將于明年動(dòng)工。答案：projected6ancient adj. 古代的；從前的；古老的；古式的This temple dates back to ancient times.這座廟始建于古代。詞語(yǔ)辨析aged, old, ancient, elderly1)aged表示人的年齡，歲的，作后置定語(yǔ)，如a girl aged 15 一個(gè)十五歲的女

11、孩2)old表示人的年齡，歲的，old用在數(shù)詞后，如 a 15yearold girl一個(gè)十五歲的女孩3)ancient 古代的；古老的；年代久遠(yuǎn)的4)elderly年老的，作前置定語(yǔ)，只修飾人the elderly老年人即學(xué)即用用ancient, old或aged填空There are many_buildings in Rome while there are many modern ones in New York.The_man with an_hat is a professor from Beijing University.The girl_fifteen saved a boy

12、 seven years_.答案：ancientold/aged; oldaged; old1work on.1)從事(某工作)；可以譯為“創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；畫；制定；設(shè)計(jì)；研究”。Hes working on a new project which has to be finished by the end of the year.他們正致力于一項(xiàng)年底前必須完成的工程。They are still working on the research.他們還在搞研究。2)對(duì)做貢獻(xiàn)；對(duì)施加影響；對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響He might accept your suggestion if someone works on

13、 him properly.假如有人適當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)他做做工作的話他會(huì)同意的。She worked on her friends to help her.她游說(shuō)她的朋友幫助她。知識(shí)拓展1)wrok at.(1)學(xué)習(xí)；研究；寫作；致力于He wroked at his biology.他致力于生物的研究。(2)在上下工夫；設(shè)法解決問(wèn)題There is no easy way round the difficulty; youll just work at it.沒(méi)有很容易克服困難的辦法；你得努力想辦法。2)work out(.)(1)制定；擬制；定出We must work out a better m

14、ethod of saving paper.我們必須想出一個(gè)省紙的好辦法。(2)算出；估計(jì)出；解出題目He settled down at his desk to work out the exact figures.他在書桌旁安心地坐了下來(lái)，算出確切的數(shù)字。(3)理解；弄懂；看出；說(shuō)出；判斷I cant work out the meaning of the poem.我還沒(méi)弄懂這首詩(shī)的意思。(4)被用完；被耗盡The gold mine here is gradually working out.這里的金礦正在被開(kāi)采一空。注：work out在(1)，(2)，(3)句中為及物動(dòng)詞，而在(4

15、)中為不及物動(dòng)詞。高考直擊(2007江西)I have got a headache.No wonder. You_in front of that computer too long.Awork Bare workingChave been working Dworked解析：“我頭疼”；“難怪”。你一直在電腦前工作的時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)了?！爆F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作沒(méi)有間斷。答案：C即學(xué)即用We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite_as planned.Afind out Bgive outChand out

16、 Dwork out答案：D2because of (prep.) 因?yàn)?；由于；為了I didnt go out because of rain.因?yàn)橄掠?，所以我沒(méi)有出去。知識(shí)拓展because of的同義短語(yǔ)：due to 由于；作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)thanks to 多虧；由于；作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)owing to 由于；作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)as a result of 因?yàn)榈慕Y(jié)果，作狀語(yǔ)on account of 因?yàn)?；作狀語(yǔ)by reason of 由于；因?yàn)?；作狀語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)辨析as, because, because of, since, foras, because, because of, since和fo

17、r都有“因?yàn)?；由于”的意思，它們的用法及區(qū)別如下。1)as意為“因?yàn)?；由于”；語(yǔ)氣比because弱，所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的是不言而喻、為人所知的、顯而易見(jiàn)的原因和理由，其從句一般放在主句前。As it was late, we came back soon.由于時(shí)間很晚了，我們很快就回來(lái)了。As I am free today, Ill write to you.由于我今天有空，所以給你寫信。2)because意為“因?yàn)椤?；指直接原因，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，常表示必然的因果關(guān)系，引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句是全句意思的重心，它引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在主句的后面；回答以why引起的特殊疑問(wèn)句，只能用because。Tom d

18、idnt go to school because he was ill.湯姆沒(méi)上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×?。Why didnt John go to the park?約翰為什么沒(méi)去公園？Because he had to look after his little sister.因?yàn)樗谜湛此男∶妹谩?)because of表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)，后不能接從句，但能接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，此時(shí)它的詞性不是連詞，而是介詞。The football match was cancelled because of rain.由于下雨，足球賽被取消了。He didnt go to Beijing because of

19、that.由于那件事，他沒(méi)有去北京。Helen didnt attend the party because of her mothers coming.由于她母親來(lái)了，海倫沒(méi)有參加晚會(huì)。4)since意為“由于；既然”；所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的是已知為事實(shí)的理由和一種間接或附帶的原因，語(yǔ)氣比because弱，但比as強(qiáng)，其從句一般位于主句之前。Since it is raining, youd better take an umbrella with you.既然在下雨，你最好帶把雨傘。Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.由于我沒(méi)錢，所以我不能買食

20、物。5)for是并列連詞，用來(lái)附帶解釋或說(shuō)明前面一句的情況，有時(shí)它表示的理由是推測(cè)性的，它所引導(dǎo)的分句只能放在另一分句之后。The day breaks for the birds are singing.天亮了，因?yàn)轼B在叫。(表示推斷)It will rain, for my legs hurt.天要下雨，因?yàn)槲彝忍?。高考直?1)(2008北京)Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to_Ill see him tomorrow.Athough BunlessCwhen Dbecause解析：“你給弗雷德回 了嗎？”“不必了，因?yàn)槊魈煳覍⒁?jiàn)他。”此處

21、because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。答案：D(2)(2008山東)He found it increasingly difficult to read, _his eyesight was beginning to fail.Athough BforCbut Dso解析：“由于他的視力開(kāi)始下降，他越來(lái)越感到讀書有困難?！北绢}后句用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明前句，而非其他邏輯關(guān)系。答案：B即學(xué)即用Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _this was a memory she especially treasu

22、red.Aas BifCwhen Dwhere答案：A_ we have finished our work, lets have a rest.ABecause BForCAs DSince答案：DMy friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; _he could neither eat nor sleep.Aas a result Bafter allCany way Dotherwise答案：A3be known as 作為而出名；聞名My brother is known as a writer.我弟弟作為一名作家是很出名的。知

23、識(shí)拓展be famous for 以聞名be famous as 作為而聞名be known for 因而出名；聞名be known to 為所知become known 出名；變得有名make oneself known to sb. 向某人作自我介紹make sth. known to sb. 把某事向某人公布1)be known as 作為而出名；被認(rèn)為是；稱為They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate.它們被稱為眾議院和參議院。2)be known for 因而出名The islanders are kno

24、wn for their hospitality.島上的居民以好客聞名。This new theatre is becoming known for its good productions.這家新劇院因上演節(jié)目的質(zhì)量好而漸漸出名。即學(xué)即用Dont use words, expressions or phrases_only to people with specific knowledge.Abeing known Bhaving been knownCto be known Dknown答案：D4ever since 自從一直；從那時(shí)起；一直到現(xiàn)在They have been trying

25、 to find out how the fire began ever since.自那時(shí)以來(lái)，他們一直在設(shè)法查明起火的原因。知識(shí)拓展long since 很久以前；早已not long since 就在不久前since then 其后；從此一直since可用作連詞、介詞和副詞。1)since conj. 從以來(lái)；以后We have both changed since we parted.分別以來(lái)我們彼此都變了。It was three years since we had been there.我們不在那兒已經(jīng)三年了。2)since prep. 從以來(lái)I have worked in h

26、is factory since 1986.我自從1986年以來(lái)一直在這家工廠工作。3)since adv.(since then)(和完成時(shí)連用)以后；后來(lái)I have not seen him since.(那時(shí))以后我沒(méi)見(jiàn)到過(guò)他。高考直擊(2007山東)The book was written in 1946, _the education system has witnessed great changes.Awhen Bduring whichCsince then Dsince when解析：“這本書寫于1946年，從那以后教育體制發(fā)生了巨大變革?！币騼删溟g沒(méi)有連詞，可排除C項(xiàng)；根

27、據(jù)后面從句的時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，可選擇since。答案：D即學(xué)即用I hurried to answer the telephone and it was Machel, who had been one of my best friends _we were at primary school.Awhile BwhenCafter Dsince答案：D1About twothirds of Frances artists and writers live in Paris.三分之二的法國(guó)藝術(shù)家和作家住在巴黎。分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子超過(guò)一時(shí)，作為分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)

28、，即加s。one fourth 四分之一three fifths 五分之三two and three fifths 二又五分之三two thirdstwothirds 三分之二注意：分子與分母之間的連字符號(hào)可有可無(wú)。提示：二分之一 a half或one half四分之一 a fourth/one fourth/onefourth/a quarter/one quarter知識(shí)拓展百分?jǐn)?shù)一般讀作percent，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)百分?jǐn)?shù)代表的量是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞而定。At present about 38% of the Chinese popula

29、tion smoke.目前大約38%的中國(guó)人吸煙。(復(fù)數(shù))Fiftyfive percent of the area is covered by trees.這地區(qū)的55%是森林。(單數(shù))即學(xué)即用_of them were absent.ATwo nineths BTwo ninethCTwo ninths DTwo ninth答案：C2One of Barcelonas most famous landmarks is the church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Ga

30、udi.巴塞羅那最出名的一個(gè)標(biāo)志性建筑是圣家大教堂，由一個(gè)叫安東尼奧高迪的建筑師設(shè)計(jì)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，與先行詞之間一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是單個(gè)的名詞或代詞，也可以是句子的一部分或整個(gè)句子。除that外，能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞都能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。知識(shí)拓展在of which/whom之前可以使用表達(dá)數(shù)量或定位的數(shù)詞或代詞：1)all, none, both, neither, any, each, either2)基數(shù)詞，a few, several, many, a lot of, a large number,

31、 a great many, a great deal, a large quantity of3)the形容詞最高級(jí)，thelast, thefirst, the序數(shù)詞注意：the名詞of which/whom 相當(dāng)于whose名詞。The house whose windows.The house the windows of which.The girl whose mother.The girl the mother of whom.高考直擊(1)(2009全國(guó)卷)She brought with her three friends, none of_I had ever met before.Athem BwhoCwhom Dthese解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意為“她帶著她的三個(gè)朋友，他們?nèi)齻€(gè)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)人我曾見(jiàn)過(guò)?！?“表