名詞變復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則

1、下載文檔可編輯智博教育名詞變復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds,pig-pigs,pear-pears,ruler-rulers,bag-bags,tree-trees以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，力口-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,fox-foxesbrush-brushes,watch-watches，peach-peache，dress-dresses,dish-dishes.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawb

2、erriesbody-bodies,cherry-cherries,特別強調(diào)boy復(fù)數(shù)boys,toy復(fù)數(shù)toys（a,e,I,o,u原音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞直接加s.）以f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives,wolf-wolves,wife-wives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,this-these,that-those,I-we,he,she,it-theyfoot-feet,.tooth-

3、teeth,goose-geese.fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese6.不可數(shù)名詞不加s或es液體類和肉類；tea,offee,milk,soup,coke,juice,beer,water,rain,snow,beef,c不變化).hicken,fish,mutton.(fish,people,sheep,Chinese,二、一般現(xiàn)在時【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六

4、點起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩。行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./N

5、o,Imnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+dont(doesnt)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+

6、般疑問句。女口：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，力口-es,口：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,女口：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoft

7、en(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)

8、cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.Whatday(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子Danielwatc

9、hesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改為否定句）下載文檔可編輯Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（對劃線部分提問）JohncomesfromCanada.（對劃線部分提問）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般

10、疑問句，作否定回答）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否定句）五、改錯（劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）1.English?Isyourbrotherspeak2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時下載文檔可編輯1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句

11、在be后加not?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e力口ing，女口：make-making,taste-tasting如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：playrunswimmakegolike_write_skiread_

12、havesingdanceputsee_buy_lovelive_take_come_getstop_sit_begin_shop、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaugh

13、terdoing?She(listen)tomusic.Its5oclocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(并作肯定和否定回答)改一般疑問句3Implayingthefootballintheplayground.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）4Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問）四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在

14、的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingto+do;will+do.三、否定句：在be動詞(am,is,are)l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.Imnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoin

15、gtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時候。When例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnine.fW

16、henisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis

17、?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.你們打算什么時候見面。Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.Illgoandjointhem.（改否定）Igojointhem.Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問句）meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool

18、.(對劃線部分提問)sheafterschool?10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweeke

19、nds?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?ItsFridaytoday.Whatshe_(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.What(d0)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.I(plan)

20、formystudynow五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am禾口is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot二wasnt)are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=werent)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt+動詞原形，如：Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句

21、：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studi

22、ed不規(guī)則動詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat過去時練習(xí)寫出下列動詞的過去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygoma

23、kedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdoBe動詞的過去時練習(xí)（1）NameNo.Date一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Iatschooljustnow.Heatthecamplastweek.Westudentstwoyearsago.Theyonthefarmamomentago.YangLingelevenyearsoldlastyear.Thereanappleontheplateyesterday.TheresomemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephoneonthesofayesterdayev

24、ening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：Theywereinhispocket.否定句一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：Be動詞的過去時練習(xí)（2）NameNo.Date一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空IanEnglishteachernow.Shehappyyesterday.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancygoodfriends.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.Look,ther

25、elotsofgrapeshere.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildrensDay.Allthe下載文檔可編輯下載文檔可編輯studentsveryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：肯、否定回答：三、中譯英1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。2他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)(1)NameNo.Date一、用行為動詞的適當(dāng)形式

26、填空He(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat(eat)abirdlastnight.We(have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls(sing)and(dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換SuHaitooksomephotosa

27、ttheSportsday.否定句：一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句般疑問句：肯、否定回答：下載文檔可編輯行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)(2)NameNo.Date一、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he(fly)aki

28、teonSunday?Yes,he.GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymotherWhatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句一般疑問句：肯、否定回答：下載文檔可編輯三、中譯英格林先生去年住在中國昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場。他剛才在找他的手機。過去時綜合練習(xí)(1)NameNo.Date一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It(b

29、e)BensbirthdaylastFriday.Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen(milk)acowonFriday.Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)Jimsmother(plant)treesjustnow.they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,theyI(watch)acartoononMonday.We(go)toscho

30、olonSunday.二、中譯英我們上周五看了一部電影。他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動物園你上周在哪兒?在野營基地過去時綜合練習(xí)(2)NameNo.Date一、用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.Dontthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)They(make)akiteaweekago

31、.Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.WhatMikedoonthefarm?Hecows.(milk)二、中譯英他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒有六、形容詞和副詞的比較級復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用

32、：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格（口語中可用賓格）。2形容詞加er的規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加er；以字母e結(jié)尾，加r；以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副詞的比較級1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別（有be用形，有形用be;有動用副，有副用動）在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2副詞比

33、較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同（不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther）三、練習(xí)一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級oldyoungtalllongshortmallfatightnicestrongthingoodhighbigsheavylbeautifullowstlatewell二)、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears(old)thanme.earlyslowfafarTomisas(fat)asJim.Isyoursister(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.Whois(thin),youorHelen?He

34、lenis.Whosepencil-boxis(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.Maryshairisas(long)asLucys.Ben(jump)(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.Nancysing(well)thanHelen?Yes,sheFangfangisnotas(tall)astheothergirls.Myeyesare(big)than(she).Whichis(heavy),theelephantorthepig?Whogetsup(early),TimorTom?thegirlsgetup(early)thantheb

35、oys?No,they.Jimruns(slow).ButBenruns(slow).Thechilddoesnt(write)as(fast)asthestudents.三)、翻譯句子：1、誰比Jim年紀(jì)大？是你。isthanJim？are2、誰比David更強壯？是GaoShan.thanDavid?GaoShan.3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。pencilis,or？is,Ithink.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples,youroryour?My.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。asasyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友

36、Jim一樣年輕。HeasasJim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No,thanhim.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLingtothanSuYangeveryday.我跳得和Mike一樣遠(yuǎn)。IasasMike.Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的，他和我跑得一樣快。Tomthanyou?No,he.Heasas.11.多做運動，你會更強壯。moreexercise,youllsoon.我的科學(xué)很好，但是語文不好。IatScience.ButIdontwellinChinese.你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。youthekitethanW

37、angbing?No,Iitthan_.我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike.Allmythanme.我的姐姐起得比我早。Myupthanme.女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。thegirlstheboys?Yes,they她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。ShedoesntinPE.ButIdontthan.你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。_youfootballthanyourclassmates?No,theyasasme.19我母親比我父親年紀(jì)小。Mythanmy.她的毛衣和我的一樣重。sweaterasas.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點的。Mydress

38、too.Iwanttoaone.ImtallerthanMike.（該成用原級的比較）ImasasMike.七、Therebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中，主語是單數(shù)，be動詞用is;主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動詞根據(jù)最*近be動詞的那個名詞決定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be動詞后加not,一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運用

39、：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的運用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Whats+介詞短語？Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.atelescopeonthedesk.Heatape-recorder.abasketballin

40、theplayground.Shesomedresses.Theyanicegarden.Whatdoyou?areading-roominthebuilding?WhatdoesMike?anybooksinthebookcase?Myfatherastory-book.astory-bookonthetable.anyflowersinthevase?Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?Myparentssomenicepictures.somemapsonthewall.amapoftheworldonthewall.Davidatelescope.Davidsf

41、riendssometents.manychildrenonthehill.用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動詞填空1、Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2、Theresomemilkintheglass.3、Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、Thereapictureandamaponthewall.8Fill..5.16.5、Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、Thereatinof

42、chickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.Thereourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.hasintheblankwith“have,Ianicepuppet.Heagoodfriend.Theysomemasks.Wesomeflowers.Sheaduck.Myfatheranewbike.Hermotheravase.OurteacheranEnglishbook.Ourteachersabasketball.TheirparentssomeblanketsNancymanyskirts.Davidsomejackets.Myfriendsafoot

43、ball.TOC o 1-5 h zWhatdoyou?WhatdoesMike?Whatdoyourfriends?17.WhatdoesHelen_?18.Hisbrother_abasketball.19.Hersister_anicedoll.20.MissLi_anEnglishbook.八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨使用，后面不帶名詞。詞格性名詞性我的你，你們you的，你們的your他人稱代物主代詞主格賓形容詞Ime我mymineyou你yourshehimhishissheherit的itsts我們we我的our他（她，它）們theythem它）們的theirtheirs一.填寫代詞表her她hersit它ius們ours他（她，Iweyouitthemhisyourhers.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填