如何做好短文填空專題培訓(xùn)課件

1、如何做好短文填空一、考綱分析 “短文填空”實(shí)際上是“完形填空”題型的又一種表現(xiàn)形式，旨在考查考生能否結(jié)合題目的要求，以不同的形式來(lái)補(bǔ)全一篇文章。這類題目考查了學(xué)生的觀察力、分析力、判斷力、聯(lián)想力、閱讀理解能力和綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。本題共15分，占整份英語(yǔ)試題分值的12.5%（15/120）。近五年廣東省中考短文填空考點(diǎn)分分析二、題型分析1.題型特點(diǎn)： 1）文章不會(huì)太長(zhǎng)（130-200個(gè)單詞左右），第一行不設(shè)空。 2）詞匯難度不高，文章難度要略低于閱讀。2.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置： 重點(diǎn)考查單詞拼寫(xiě)、語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、語(yǔ)篇理解能力和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。 詞匯方面以實(shí)詞為主，即指名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。兼顧其它考點(diǎn)。3.

2、 提示方式：自由填詞型。4. 考生難點(diǎn)： 首先：?jiǎn)卧~拼寫(xiě)問(wèn)題。很多可能知道要填的單詞，但拼寫(xiě)往往出錯(cuò)。 其次：如何確定所填詞的詞性。有些空確實(shí)特別需要注意的是細(xì)節(jié)的把握：如名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，和動(dòng)詞形式的變化以及詞性之間的變換。 三、如何做好短文填空?（一）正確的步驟（二）適當(dāng)?shù)募记桑ㄈ┻m量的練習(xí)（一）正確的解題步驟:1. 瀏覽全文,掌握文章的大意; a. 進(jìn)行跳格閱讀. b. 注意文章時(shí)態(tài).2. 根據(jù)詞義,判斷詞形進(jìn)行填空;a. 先填上固定搭配與習(xí)慣表達(dá)等較易的空格.b. 不太明朗的空格要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)義反復(fù)推敲.c. 注意詞形變化（如：復(fù)數(shù)、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞等）3. 通讀全文,檢查核對(duì)

3、.It was . Mrs. Smith went to do some with her husband.第一招:金睛火眼(認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地觀察圖畫(huà),就可以直接在圖畫(huà)中找到答案或信息。 )Saturdayshopping It was oclock in the morning. Mr. Smith Then he left home and rode a to the station. sevenbike 第二招：有樣學(xué)樣（觀察上下文，找出能推斷 出答案的信息）(1) 一模一樣white Tina noticed that her mother had some_ hairs on her h

4、ead. Then she asked, “ Why do you have some white hairs, Mom?” When he got home, he open his bag. He wanted to get the keys. They were always there. But he couldnt find the keys this time A moment later he jumped into the room and was very happy. But when he put his hand into his pocket. He found hi

5、s_ right there. keys Children have to do a lot of every day not only at school but also at home. Some children have so much work to do that they often have to work late into the night before they can finish their homework.homework(2) 連詞推斷2. Hours, days, _ and months went by, but no birds came at all

6、.weeks Once a Frenchman was travelling in England. He knew very English. 第三招：放飛想象（答案可以在圖畫(huà)或文章中推測(cè)出來(lái)。）littleFRANCE When Tom got school, it was eight ten. The teacher had already begun her lesson. As soon as Tom came into the classroom, she got and said, angry(1) 介詞常與 名詞/動(dòng)詞/形容詞 進(jìn)行搭配 如 (2) 動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配 動(dòng)+

7、 do: 動(dòng)+ to do: 動(dòng)+ doing: (3) 其他類型的固定搭配如 bothand ; neithernor 第四招：講究搭配（根據(jù)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ)來(lái)填寫(xiě)）by bike, put up, be worried aboutmake sb. dodecide to doenjoy doing1. (2012中考）I almost have no time for my hobbies, _ as playing volleyball and ping-pong.2. Suddenly he _ up with a good idea and went out of his room.s

8、uchcame第五招：定位 （確定所填詞的詞性）(1) 缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則填名詞，_或者_(dá).例：1. _ makes children like the seaside so much? I think its the sand. 2. She studies in an art school, _ to music is her favorite. 代詞動(dòng)名詞What listening(2) 若賓語(yǔ)用的是“_+ to do形式”， 則填_例: 1. He was so afraid that he didnt know _ to do. 2. (2011中考）He wanted a pair

9、 of new shoes, but his family is so poor. He was thinking about _ to tell his mother about it. 疑問(wèn)詞what how(3) 缺謂語(yǔ)， 則填_. （2012中考）Im upset these days. I have a problem, and I do not _ how to deal with it.know動(dòng)詞(4)若兩個(gè)句子間要填一個(gè)空，則很可能是填_或者_(dá). 1. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt

10、very happy.but2. He came up to the man _ is sitting on the ground.who/that連詞從句引導(dǎo)詞第一招:金睛火眼（認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地觀察圖畫(huà),就可以直接在圖畫(huà)中找到答案或信息。）第二招：有樣學(xué)樣（善于從下文或前文找一模一樣的信息。）第三招：放飛想象（答案可以在圖畫(huà)或文章中推測(cè)出來(lái)。） 第四招：講究搭配（根據(jù)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)和短語(yǔ)來(lái)填寫(xiě)。 ）第五招：定位 （確定所填詞的詞性）確定語(yǔ)義，判斷詞形名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞&副詞 （二）適當(dāng)?shù)慕忸}技巧：.1.名詞：考查名詞的數(shù)（單復(fù)數(shù)形式、不規(guī)則的變化）以及名詞所有格。2.動(dòng)詞:考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)

11、態(tài)、不定式to do，動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞ing形式、過(guò)去分詞done、固定搭配等。實(shí)詞-動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞 、數(shù)詞虛詞-連詞、介詞、冠詞、感嘆詞3.形容詞：考查原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，部分形容詞和副詞同形的詞。4.副詞：考查原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，考查修飾動(dòng)詞、句子等。9.冠詞：考查a、an修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，和定冠詞the或固定搭配。5.代詞：考查不定代詞、物主代詞、人稱代詞的主格、賓格、反身代詞等，一般由意思判定。6.數(shù)詞：常考基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，或是分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法。 7.連詞：考查句子間的邏輯關(guān)系、填入的詞、要符合上下文邏輯即可。8.介詞：常考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。短文填空評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1.與所給答案

12、一致，或意思符合短文內(nèi)容要求且形式正確給滿分。2. 答案意思相符但形式錯(cuò)誤扣0.5分，大小寫(xiě)扣0.5分3. 意思不符不得分。短文填空解題策略. 跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文，把握大意。 . 復(fù)讀短文，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，確定詞義。 . 周密分析，上下兼顧，確定詞性。 . 依據(jù)搭配，遵循語(yǔ)法，確定答案。 . 全面考慮，仔細(xì)檢查，注重細(xì)節(jié)。 Dear Anne,How are you? I had great fun last Wednesday, 71_12th,2013. It was a traditional Chinese festival called Dragon Boat Festival that

13、day.This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 72 _greatest Chinese poets. He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(陰歷) ，278 BC. People there rowed the boats to 73 _him. 直擊中考（2013年）Junethesave農(nóng)歷5月初5，上下文提示語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法、最高級(jí)前面用the邏輯推理，上下文語(yǔ)境killedhimselfBut it was too

14、 late. They were very sad and then threw rice into the 74 _to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body. 75 _ then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 76 _ Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on. In the past we ate it only 77 _a year, but now we regarded it as o

15、ur daily food. We can have it any time we like.Fromriver/wateronceeating/having上文汨羅江提示固定搭配語(yǔ)境、固定搭配enjoy邏輯推理、語(yǔ)境Have you ever 78 _the dragon boat race on TV? It is another important part of this festival. Several teams row their dragon-shaped boats as 79 _as they can. The first team to reach the finish

16、 line wins.If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 80 _like to spend this festival with us?fastwatched/seenyouon TV語(yǔ)法、固定搭配語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)境row語(yǔ)法、固定句型would sb. like to do？When should we use a noun(名詞）?備考實(shí)錄 1. I hope you will make efforts to overcome all kinds of _ 2. Great _ have taken place in our ho

17、metown.3.The teachers _ encouraged him to study harder.difficultieschangeswords/help1. 空格前是不定代詞 (some,all, any, both, few)Conclusion:2. 空格前是數(shù)詞(one, two, three,first, second.)3. 空格前是物主代詞(my, our, her, his, their)4. 空格前是形容詞5. 空格前是冠詞（a, an, the )6. 空格前是名詞的所有格（sbs )7. 空格前是指示代詞(this/these; that/those)Con

18、clusion:都要考慮名詞 名詞有可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，注意可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，尤其是不規(guī)則的變化。When should we use a verb（動(dòng)詞）?I am _ forward to hearing from you again.After the storm, many big trees _down and litter were around.lookingfell1. 空格前是be動(dòng)詞（am, is ,are, was, were)Conclusion:考慮是用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)（be doing)還是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(be done)2. 空格前是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,should, may.)要用動(dòng)詞的原形Conclusion:3. 空格前是助動(dòng)詞（have, has, had)要用完成時(shí)態(tài)（have/has/had done )4. 空格前是 to（不定式)