今天我們講常見(jiàn)從句 課件-初高中銜接課程

1、今天我們講常見(jiàn)從句常見(jiàn)從句從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主句某個(gè)成分的句子。常見(jiàn)從句從句名詞性從句形容詞性從句副詞性從句常見(jiàn)從句修飾對(duì)象引導(dǎo)詞句中所作成分人Who主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)Whom賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)That主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)Whose定語(yǔ)As主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)物Which主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)That主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)Whose定語(yǔ)As主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)句子When whereWhy how狀語(yǔ)無(wú)實(shí)義If whether that不作任何成分常見(jiàn)從句名詞性從句：充當(dāng)名詞成分的從句常見(jiàn)從句主語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)的從句常見(jiàn)從句主語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：1、that在句中無(wú)詞義，只起連接作用；Example:That he i

2、s forgotten is a sad story.That the highest mountain is Qomolangma is a fact.That we will drink milk tea everyday will be realized.常見(jiàn)從句主語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：2、連接代詞、連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問(wèn)含義，又起連接作用，在主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分；Example:What we can do is to continue learning and improving ourselves.Who I love is the person who is indepe

3、ndent.Where I desire to go is (to) Japan and Italy.When we will bring an end to the lessons is on August 10th.How we can enrich our minds is just by reading.常見(jiàn)從句主語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：3、為避免句子“頭重腳輕”，常用形式主語(yǔ)it作形式主語(yǔ)放于句首，而把主語(yǔ)從句置于句末；Example:Its a problem that the students have too much homework.Its unbelievable that h

4、e sleeps 4 hours a day.Its of course that we are easily addicted to phone games.常見(jiàn)從句表語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)句子表語(yǔ)的從句常見(jiàn)從句表語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：1、that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that之后為一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)完整的陳述句，that不能省略，沒(méi)有具體的意思，不充當(dāng)句子成分；Example:It seems that he has suffered something painful. The problem is that the milk tea is so sweet.The news sounds that he

5、falsified the evidence.常見(jiàn)從句表語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：2、whether引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子與對(duì)應(yīng)的一般疑問(wèn)句意思相近，為一個(gè)句意完整、語(yǔ)氣不確定的陳述句，其中whether不能省略，意為“是否”，不能用if替換；Example:The question is whether you know yourself clearly. The difficulty is whether the theory is available.The doubt is whether the fingerprint belongs to him.常見(jiàn)從句表語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：3、連接代詞、連

6、接副詞引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，連接詞不能省略，并在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分；Example:The room is where we have lessons.The Double Seven Festival is when we express our love to our dears.The boy is who we are seeking for these years.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)句子賓語(yǔ)的從句常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：1、that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that在從句中不作任何成分，在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常被省去；Example:I think (that) everythin

7、g is in a certain balance.I remember (that) the grammar point is mentioned before.I doubt (that) he is a real gay in fact.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：2、who, whom, which, whose等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，意思相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，但要使用陳述語(yǔ)序；Example:I dont know who did this.I am unclear about whom the next victim is.He wants to know which drink yo

8、u prefer, milk tea or lemon water?Let me guess where you went last weekend.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：3、whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，仍保持陳述語(yǔ)序；Example:I wonder whether/if the answer is right.I am curious about whether/if the durian is delicious.He was not sure whether his answers were right.I cant confirm whether its 100% wr

9、ong.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：4、賓語(yǔ)從句中要注意時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，但是特殊情況特殊對(duì)待；Example:The teacher taught us (that) the moon moves around the earth.He tells me (that) he will leave this country and start to travel.They inform us (that) there happened a riot in the town before.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：5、think, believe, imagine, suppose等動(dòng)詞接賓語(yǔ)從句，表

10、達(dá)否定含義時(shí)，不對(duì)從句進(jìn)行否定，而是對(duì)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行否定；Example:I dont think it is right.I dont believe (that) there is a God in the world.I cant imagine it will happen.常見(jiàn)從句賓語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：6、部分動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)如like，hate，appreciate，depend on，see to等，一般不直接接賓語(yǔ)從句，需要借助it作形式賓語(yǔ)；Example:I like it that I can sleep 8 hours at least everyday.He hates it

11、that he has to work late everyday these days.I would appreciate it if you could consider me as your member.We shouldnt depend on it that everything can be assisted by others.You had better see to it that you have marked all the options.常見(jiàn)從句同位語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的從句常見(jiàn)從句同位語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：that連接同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)從句為一個(gè)句意完整的陳述句，

12、that不能省略，沒(méi)有具體的意思，不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用；Example:The fact that she betrayed him makes him sad.The story that the boy to kill dragon will be a new dragon is worth reflecting for us everyone.常見(jiàn)從句形容詞性從句（定語(yǔ)從句）：充當(dāng)形容詞成分、表示限定意味的從句常見(jiàn)從句形容詞性從句（定語(yǔ)從句）結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+殘缺從句；關(guān)系詞原則：從句缺什么，成分補(bǔ)什么；常見(jiàn)從句關(guān)系代詞what which that who whom who

13、se whatever whichever whoever 關(guān)系副詞when where why how whenever wherever 常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：1、關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以省略；Example:This is the milk tea (which) I favor best.The man is the boy (who) we are searching for.A song named Shua Ba Xi (which) we always hear is hot on the Internet these days.The type (who)

14、 I want to be is a independent person.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：2、含有-ever后綴的關(guān)系詞有泛指意味，不含-ever后綴的關(guān)系詞有特指意味；Example:The player whoever complete the challenge will receive an award.The player who win the final round will be rewarded.The phone whichever runs fluently is suitable for me.The phone which is of the highe

15、st quality is what I am thirsty for.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：3、定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)：whose +n.=the n. + of whom/which= of whom/which the n.Example:The teacher was a simple boy, whose past was full of sadness.The teacher was a simple boy, the past of whom was full of sadness.The teacher was a simple boy, of whom the past

16、 was full of sadness.This is a pathetic bird, whose wings are injured seriously.This is a pathetic bird, the wings of which are injured seriously.This is a pathetic bird, of which the wings are injured seriously.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：4、關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：先行詞是不定代詞；先行詞已經(jīng)有序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)或the only、the last等形容詞修飾；Example1:He

17、 is someone that tries to break the limitation of human.In the box there hides something that is key to the treasure.常見(jiàn)從句Example2:The first person that flew into the space is Gagarin.The fastest athlete that we know is Bolt.The only way that is available to the conflict is to think twice and analyze

18、 cautiously, rather than outputting severe moods.The last chance that we can grasp is merely on next Saturday.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的使用說(shuō)明：5、關(guān)系詞只能用which的情況：在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞表示先行句子的意義時(shí)；在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞以介賓結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)時(shí)。常見(jiàn)從句Example1:The bird waking early will get insect to eat, which is a saying widely known in China.The economic

19、 action reflects a significant signal to us, which means the international situation becomes more and more serious.The farmer was revenged by the snake, which deeply tells us (that) somebody bad is not worth empathy.常見(jiàn)從句Example2:If the mess moves at a high speed as the light, some rules in tradition

20、al science will not work, for which the proposal of theory of relativity is agreed to be great.We should stick to our learning, through which we can improve our quality and make ourselves wiser.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的注意點(diǎn)：1、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于與先行詞的關(guān)系的緊密程度；Example:The truth which is not known to all is that actua

21、lly he is the real and the most vicious criminal in the background.The truth is that actually he is the real and the most vicious criminal in the background, which is not known to all.常見(jiàn)從句定語(yǔ)從句的注意點(diǎn)：2、定語(yǔ)從句的主謂與先行詞一致；Example:The boy who is standing there seems like a Net stir.The boys who are standing t

22、here seem like Net stirs.The dog which plays plates is so cute and naught.The dogs which play plates are so cute and naught.The house which is built there looks luxurious.The houses which are built there look luxurious.常見(jiàn)從句副詞性從句：充當(dāng)副詞成分、描述一定狀況的從句常見(jiàn)從句?？嫉娜N狀語(yǔ)從句：讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句常見(jiàn)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 :表示退一步進(jìn)行說(shuō)明

23、的從句常見(jiàn)從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞:although, though, aswh-ever/however, no matter常見(jiàn)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：第一組：although, though, asalthough：只能用于從句句首表示讓步，且不能倒裝；Example:Although he is young, he has a series of underlying diseases.Although the description sounds beautiful, in fact, I dont feel (that) anything is true.Although it was

24、 tiring to clean the nursing home, in my view that is a worthful deed for the old there.常見(jiàn)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：第一組：although, though, asthough：既可以用于句首，也可以用于句中、句末，還可以用來(lái)倒裝；Example:Though lemon water is 4 yuan a cup, it really tastes good.I dont care what he says, though he speaks ill of me.He did believe, though l

25、ife was hard and painful, there would be a reward waiting for him.常見(jiàn)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：第一組：although, though, asas：只能用于從句句首表示讓步，且只能倒裝；Example:Boy as he is actually, he really appears quiet.Addictive as Lions Glory seems, we will still leave it away one day if we experience a long time.Poorly as you perform, I

26、may still admire you if your attitude is positive.常見(jiàn)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：第二組：wh-ever/however, no matterwh-ever/however：作狀語(yǔ)，可用于名詞性從句和副詞性從句；Example:Whoever you are, without certificate you cant attend the exam.However you performed, I dont get angry as long as you have tried your best to complete the thing.常見(jiàn)從句讓步

27、狀語(yǔ)從句：第二組：wh-ever/however, no matterno matter：作狀語(yǔ)，只能用于狀語(yǔ)從句；Example:No matter when you leave, I will always urge you to stay.No matter how you retrieve, it must be a failure in destiny.No matter what you see in your phone, there are always records left in the Internet.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：表示時(shí)間狀態(tài)的從句常見(jiàn)從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的

28、連詞:while, when, as常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：while：1、while從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；Example:While you were sleeping, he was always studying.While I was staying in the Xiaodian Town, I experienced an unforgettable time.(T)While I was going to the Xiaodian Town, I experienced an unforgettable time.(F)常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：while：2、主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的

29、時(shí)間包含在從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間中；Example:While he was standing outside the room, I just got to the class.I didnt realize it yet that it was awful while the corns were burnt.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when：1、一定程度上，當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，when=while；Example:When I was sleeping, the Santa Claus came in my room and put a little present in my s

30、tocking prepared for this time.=While I was sleeping, the Santa Claus came in my room and put a little present in my stocking prepared for this time.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when：2、主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一定包含在從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間中；Example:When I am sleeping, I always leave a piece of saliva.When I returned home, I sensed something surpr

31、ising.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when：3、有表示“恰好、剛好”的意思，有意外的感情色彩；Example:When I took out the cheat sheet, the head teacher happened to enter the examination room to inspect the discipline.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when：4、在固定句式中必須使用；Example:When it comes toWhen it comes to Double Seven Festival, we tend to recall that that day there spreads a story which is about a loyal couple, Niu Lang and Zhi Nv.When it comes to love, most of us just consider it merely in the angle of material, ignoring the angle of spirit.常見(jiàn)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：as：修飾時(shí)間時(shí)，表示“一邊一邊” ；Example:As I was e