中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 2022/8/28 Song of The Present PerfectThe song of the present perfect has come here to say youre fineIf you use it for something that started in the past thats still going at the present . Like when I say “Ive been your friend for years.”It means we met some years ago and w

2、ere still friends,my dear.The song of the present perfect has come here to say: Hey man!You can use it for something that happened in the past.but you dont need to explain exactly when ，like when I say: “Ive been to the UK.”It means I went there in the past but you dont know what dayIn the last few

3、minutes I have sung this tune somehow , you have heard a minute of this song up to nowI have lost my words and I dont know what I can sayI hope Ive made myself quite clear with it, now you can playThe song of the present perfect has come here that you can use at the time when a thing takes place but

4、 its time hasnt finished yet like when you say: “Ive been outside today” the night has not come yet-Its the same day so you can use it ,mateFinally, the present perfect is really handy(not a crime)when the action of the verb you are using has some effects in the present time like when I say: “Hey, l

5、ook what I have done!”I have just finished writing you this song and you can hear it now!2022/8/28Find out the sentences which uses the present perfect tense1.Ive been your friend for years.2.Ive been to the UK.3.Ive been outside today4.I have just finished writing you this song .1.Ive been your fri

6、end for years.2.Ive been to the UK.3.Ive been outside today4.I have just finished writing you this song .2022/8/28現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):have +done肯定式：否定式：一般疑問(wèn)式: 肯定回答： 否定回答：特殊疑問(wèn)式：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞Have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞？疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞？Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+havent/hasnt.2022/8/28Do you kn

7、ow when we use the Present Perfect Simple ?1.Something that started in the past and continues in the present.(表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作)2.Something that happened in the past at an indefinite (unknown) time.（表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去不定時(shí)間的動(dòng)作）3.The time(when the action happened) is not finished.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可和包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的（到說(shuō)話時(shí)仍未結(jié)束）表示一段時(shí)間的狀

8、語(yǔ)連用。）4.The action of the verb has effects in the present.（過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響）e.g.1.Sam has been ill for 2 days.2.Sam has been ill since 2 days ago.2022/8/28 1.for+ 時(shí)間段 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) , since+ 句子1.Something that started in the past and continues in the present(表示開(kāi)始于過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作)2.到目前為止 so far，until now, up to no

9、w.e.g. 1.So far he has learnt 10,000 words. 2.You have heard a minute of this song up to now.3.在最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)in the past few year, over the past few years, during the last three months,through centuries,等。e.g. Over the past 10 years, our economy has increased a lot. 2022/8/28【復(fù)習(xí)反饋1】sincesincefor Pract

10、ice is the sole criterion for testing truth .2.Something that happened in the past at an indefnite (unknown) time.（表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去不確定時(shí)間的動(dòng)作） e.g. 1. She has been to England have gone to去了某地（還沒(méi)回來(lái)） have been in在某地呆了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 2022/8/28have been to去過(guò)某地（去過(guò)已回來(lái)）用have/has been to/in, have gone to填空。1. Where is Jack? He _

11、 his country. 2. John _ England since he came back.3. How long _ you _this village? 4. The Smiths _ Beijing for years.5. _you ever _ America? Yes, I _ there many times.6.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2022/8/28has gone tohas been inhavebeen inhave been inHavebeen tohave been

12、 has gone to3.The time(when the action happened) is not finished.（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可和包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的（到說(shuō)話時(shí)仍未結(jié)束）表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。）e.g. 1. I have written 3 letters this morning. I wrote 3 letters this moring. 2022/8/28（說(shuō)話時(shí)在下午或者晚上）（說(shuō)話時(shí)在早上）與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但意義卻不同.（1） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在

13、造成的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都是在說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和事情，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:yesterday, last year, three days ago, just now, 等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,其時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以是since,for , just, ever, never, before, already, yet , so far, all ones life等1. I have already had lunch. I had lunch jus

14、t now. 2. He has already finished his homework. He finished his homework yesterday.3.I learned ten English songs. I have learnt ten English songs.2022/8/284.The action of the verb has effects in the present.（過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響）e.g. 1. I have already finished all the work. 2. Someone has broken the window

15、. 3.I have already lost the key. 4.I havent read that book yet . 5.I have just cleaned my hands. 6.Mom,I have finished my homework, so I can watch TV .2022/8/28表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與just（剛剛），already（已經(jīng)），never（從來(lái)沒(méi)有），ever（曾經(jīng)），before（以前），yet（還），once（一次），twice（兩次），many times（很多次），how many times（

16、多少次）2022/8/28副詞含義使用句式位置（通常）just剛剛ever在任何時(shí)候，從來(lái)，曾經(jīng)never從不before以前already已經(jīng)yet已經(jīng)，還任何句式多用于否定句，疑問(wèn)句任何句式，表示否定任何句式肯定句，陳述句否定句，疑問(wèn)句句中（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前）句中（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前）句中（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前）句末句中（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前）或句末句末2022/8/28【復(fù)習(xí)反饋2】neverjust Translation1. 我已經(jīng)買了一輛車。 I have already bought a car. 我已經(jīng)買了這車兩年了。 I have had this car for two years.2. 這個(gè)老人已經(jīng)去世了

17、。 This old man has died. 這個(gè)老人已經(jīng)去世很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間了。 This old man has been dead for a long time.2022/8/28注意: 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用. 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的概念：英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞的意義不能持續(xù)，表示的是一瞬間就結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，這些動(dòng)詞被稱為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有：come, leave, go, lose see, begin, start, arrive, become, die, buy, borrow, close, join, reach, fall等。2022/8/28 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

18、的轉(zhuǎn)換非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換 borrow buy put on catch a cold get to know get to sleep begin / start go out close open get to/arrive/reach die leave finish fall sleep become join come make friends marry/get married to 2022/8/28keephavewearhave a cold know sleepbe on be out be closed be open be in be dead be awa

19、y (from) be overbe asleep bebe in/be a member of be here be friendsbe married to1. 這塊手表我已經(jīng)買了5年了。 I have had this watch for 5 years.2. 這本書(shū)我已經(jīng)借了一周了。 I have kept this since a week ago.3.這本書(shū)我沒(méi)有借很久。 I havent this book for a long time.2022/8/28borrowed 注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，在肯定句中不能與 for和since引出的短語(yǔ)或者句子連用，但在否定句中可

20、以。Practice2022/8/28Have you master it ?I hope the present perfect for you is not a problem any more.2022/8/28Practice1. He _ for ten years. A. has been married B. married C. got married D. has married2. Students in Beijing _ away many books to the Hope Schools since 2009. A. have given B. give C. gave D. had given3. Julies father _ to London last month. He _ there three times. A. went; had gone B. has gone; has been C. went; has been D. has been; had gone2022/8/284. My sister has learnt English _. A. for twelve years ago B. since she was four C. twelve years ago D. at the age of four5. The as