中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)最新2022

1、第 PAGE9 頁(yè) 共 NUMPAGES9 頁(yè)中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)最新2022中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句1.語(yǔ)序無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句，賓語(yǔ)從句都必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主句+連詞+賓語(yǔ)從句(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+)”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：(1)連接詞+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接詞有： who, what, which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告訴我誰(shuí)知道答案嗎?The small children dont know what is in their stockings.這些小孩子不知

2、道襪子里有什么東西。I dont know which belongs to my father.(2)連接詞+名詞+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接詞有：whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問(wèn)我們班上誰(shuí)的書法最好。The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.教師問(wèn)我們房間里有多少人。(3)連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接

3、詞有：who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分)。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi.他還沒(méi)決定是否去無(wú)錫旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎?(4)連接詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接詞有：what, which, how many, how much, how等。如：D

4、o you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎?She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。2.連接詞(1)當(dāng)由陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that無(wú)詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如：He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。(2)當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：I dont know if /whether he still lives here

5、after so many years.但在以下情況下只能用whether：在具有選擇意義，又有or或or not時(shí)，尤其是直接與or not連用時(shí)，往往用whether(ifor not也可以使用)。如：Let me know whether /if he will e or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will e)I dont know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I dont know whether or not he does any washing.)I wonder whether w

6、e stay or whether we go.在介詞之后用whether。如：Im interested in whether he likes English.我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。Were thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔(dān)憂是否傷了她的感情。在不定式前用whether。如：He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。I dont know whet

7、her to go.我不知去否。He hasnt decided whether to go by bus or by train.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。如：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)宜用whether。如：Whether she will e or not is still a question.她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。The question is whether we can catch the bus.問(wèn)題是我們能否趕上公共汽車。 假

8、設(shè)用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，那么用whether。如：Please let me know if you like the book.可理解為：a. Please let me know whether you like the book.請(qǐng)告訴我你是否喜歡這本書。B. If you like the book, please let me know.你假設(shè)喜歡這本書，請(qǐng)告訴我。(3)假設(shè)賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，只需用原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。如：Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?初中英語(yǔ)中考知識(shí)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從

9、句(1)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由sothat, suchthat, so that引導(dǎo)。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat語(yǔ)such.that可以互換。例如：在由so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，so是副詞，與形容詞連用。其構(gòu)造是: “.so + 形容詞(副詞)+ that + 從句”。例如：He w

10、as so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，such是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞;名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。假設(shè)是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He ha

11、d such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有時(shí)上述兩種構(gòu)造是可以互換的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important matc

12、h that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)假設(shè)名詞前由many, much, little, few等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.初中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞

13、和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 。1. 在need，want，require, bear等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例:The house needs repairing(to be repaired).這房子需要修理。2. 形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式;而worthy后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例:The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)3. 動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語(yǔ)，不定式

14、和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系, 不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do與things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與I是主謂關(guān)系。)試比較：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此處用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明you不是post動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。)4.在某些“形容詞+不定式”做表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的構(gòu)造中，句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例:This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).5. 在too to構(gòu)造中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例:This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.6. 在there be句型中，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)，重點(diǎn)在人，