英文合同文本翻譯

1、漢英翻譯教程華橋外國語學(xué)院應(yīng)用英語學(xué)院商務(wù)合同翻譯 I. 商務(wù)合同的種類按格式繁簡的不同，分為正式合同 Contract協(xié)議書 Agreement確議書 Confirmation備忘錄 Memorandum意向書 Letter of intent中文的合同開頭一般先羅列當(dāng)事人的名稱、姓名、住所或營業(yè)場所，然后是合同正文，結(jié)尾是當(dāng)事人印章、授權(quán)代表簽字、職務(wù)及日期。英文合同一般以下面這類句式開頭：This CONTRACT is made this _day of_ in (place of signature) by and between (name of one party), a cor

2、poration duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at ( address ) ( hereinafter referred to as Party A) and (name of the other party) a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinaf

3、ter, referred to as Party B).II 商務(wù)合同的結(jié)構(gòu) 然后是 WHEREAS THEREFORE .It is hereby agreed as follows 或 WITNESSETH, WHEREAS. NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows.接著是正文 最后是證明部分： IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the

4、 parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.（雙方于文首日期簽署本協(xié)議，特此為證） 隨后還包括當(dāng)事人和見證人的簽字。 1.合同名稱 (Title) 如 Sales Contract, Technology Transfer Agreement, Share Purchase Agreement2. 前文（前言） (Preamble) 1) Date & place of signing 2) Signing parties, nationalities and princ

5、ipal place of business or residence address 3) Each partys authority (當(dāng)事人的合法依據(jù)） 如：a company duly organized and existing under the laws of . 商務(wù)合同的具體構(gòu)成 部分 4) Recitals or WHEREAS clause (定約緣由） WHEREAS, Seller is engaged in dealing of (product) and desires to sell (product) to Buyer, WHEREAS, Buyer desi

6、res to purchase (product) from Sellers, Now, THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows: Whereas Party A is willing to employ Party B and Party B agrees to do as Party As engineer in Beijing, it is hereby agrees as follows. 鑒于甲方愿聘請乙方,乙方同意應(yīng)聘為甲方在北京的工程師,雙方協(xié)議如下: In consideration of the mutual covenants and agre

7、ement herein contained, the parties agree as follows. 雙方考慮到在此提出的契約和協(xié)議, 同意如下條款.3. 正文（Body)定義條款 （Definition clause)基本條款（Basic conditions)一般條款（General terms and conditions)合同有效期限 （Duration)終止 (Termination)不可抗力 （Force Majeure)合同的讓與 （Assignment)仲裁 （Arbitration)適用法律 （Governing law) 訴訟管轄 （Jurisdiction)通知手續(xù)

8、 （Notice)合同的修改 （Amendment)其他 （Others)4. 結(jié)尾條款 （Witness clause)結(jié)尾語包括合同的分?jǐn)?shù)、使用的文字和效力等 （Concluding sentence)，有時還包括對合同進(jìn)行修改或補(bǔ)充的內(nèi)容和附件。簽名 （Signature)蓋印 （Seal) III 合同翻譯原則 準(zhǔn)確嚴(yán)謹(jǐn) 首先是用詞的準(zhǔn)確性。如： Shipping advice和shipping instruction表面上 差不多，但前者是“裝運(yùn)通知”，后者是“裝運(yùn)指示”。 符合規(guī)范 譯文必須要體現(xiàn)法律語言的特點(diǎn)和契約文體的特點(diǎn)。（略）1 多使用正式或法律上的用詞（formal &

9、professional） 試比較下列用詞terminate, stop commence, beginbe deemed to, be regarded as in lieu of, in place of prior to, before whatsoever, whatever commencement, start/begin； cease to do， stop to do； IV. 英文合同的語言特色by virtue of / due to because of ； at the close of the fiscal year，in the end of the fiscal

10、year； as regards/concerning, relating to， about； in effect， in fact； The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb. hold 或call，convene； ； miscellaneous, other matters/events； construe a contract , comprehend a contract， understand a contract; deem，consider， think/believe； 1） At the request of Par

11、ty B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 應(yīng)乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技術(shù)員幫助乙方安裝設(shè)備 (help)2） Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing. 甲方應(yīng)將病人遣返中國，負(fù)責(zé)病人回到北京的旅費(fèi)。（send back) 3) The term “Effective date” means the date on which thi

12、s Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto . “生效日”的意思是指本協(xié)議經(jīng)訂約雙方簽字的日子。（signed）注意合同本身的法律術(shù)語詞匯和一般用語的區(qū)別：examples一般文本含義法律文本含義Action行動措施或訴訟Limitation限制時效Prejudice偏見損害Royalties皇室、王權(quán)特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)；版稅Negligence疏忽過失Avoidance逃避宣告無效Satisfaction滿意清償、補(bǔ)償grace優(yōu)雅寬限期2 用語力求準(zhǔn)確、明白、嚴(yán)密 Party A shall send technicians at Par

13、ty Bs expense to train Party Bs personnel within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方應(yīng)于簽約后三十天內(nèi)派遣技術(shù)員培訓(xùn)乙方的人員，有關(guān)費(fèi)用由乙方承擔(dān)。 This Contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同的變更、修改和補(bǔ)充應(yīng)按雙方授權(quán)代表簽名蓋章的文件

14、，才能進(jìn)行。3 多使用老式詞匯 把here, there, where加后綴(after, by, in, of, on, to, under, upon, or with after here, there, or where) hereafter after this time; in the future 今后hereby by means of 茲 herein in this 此中，于此 hereinafter later in this contracthereinbefore in a preceding part of this contract hereof of this

15、hereto to this herebefore until now hereunder under this hereupon at this point; in consequence of this herewith with this thereafter afterwardsthereby by that means; in that connection therefrom from that therein in that; in that particularthereinafter later in the same contract thereinbefore in a

16、preceding part of the same contract thereon on that thereof of that; from that sourcethereto to that thereunder =under that thereupon then; as the result of that therewith with that or it whereas =considering that; but鑒于 whereby =by what; by which wherein =in what; in which whereof =of what; of whic

17、h whereon =on what; on which關(guān)于那，在其上In confirmation hereof we attach a bank statement. 為作這方面的確認(rèn)我們附上銀行結(jié)單。 The correspondence attached hereto form part of the Contract. 合同文件以及其來往文件均應(yīng)被視為本合同的一部份。All of the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be joint and several. 擔(dān)保人在本擔(dān)保書項下承擔(dān)的所有義務(wù)均應(yīng)是連帶的。Losses c

18、aused as a result thereof shall be borne by the violator. 由此而造成的損失，由違反者承擔(dān)。（belonging to that）In concluding a contract, the parties thereto shall implement the principle of good faith. （to that） 當(dāng)事人訂立合同，應(yīng)執(zhí)行誠實(shí)信用原則。In witness whereof, I set my hand. 我作為證人簽字。The undersigned hereby agrees that the new pr

19、oducts whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China. 下述簽署人同意在中國制造新產(chǎn)品，其品牌以此為合適。4 多用并列的同義詞any and all 全部terms and conditions 條件null and void 無效free and clear of 無cost and expenses 各種費(fèi)用rights and interests 權(quán)益able and willing 能夠并愿意covenants and agreements 合同、協(xié)議any duties, obligations or

20、 liabilities 所有責(zé)任applicable laws, regulations, decrees, directives, and rules 適用法律法規(guī)This Agreement made and entered into by and between ABC Co. and XYZ Co. ABC 公司和XYZ公司雙方簽訂本協(xié)議。All documents, letters, telegrams and telexes interchanged between both parties before the signing of the Contract shall bec

21、ome null and void automatically from the date on which the Contract comes into force. 雙方在簽約前交換的所有文件、書信、電報和電傳，應(yīng)從本合同生效之日開始自動失效。The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. (都表示“依照本協(xié)議的條款規(guī)定”。) 5 多用拉丁詞(loan words)比例稅率：用pro rate tax rate （要比pr

22、oportional tax rate多 ）從事慈善性服務(wù)的律師：pro bono lawyer，（不怎么用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance ）委托代理人：agent ad litem。善意 bona fide （good faith）反之亦然 vice versa單方的 ex parte （from one side）不可抗力 force majeure代替 in lieu of (instead of)事實(shí)上 de facto 不在現(xiàn)場的證明 alibi按比例的 pro rata6 多用情態(tài)動詞shall, should, may,

23、 will 在合同中用這些詞時要極其謹(jǐn)慎。權(quán)利義務(wù)的約見定部分構(gòu)成了合同的主體，這幾個詞如選用不當(dāng)，可能會引起糾紛。Shall 約定當(dāng)事人的義務(wù)（應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么時候），英語法律條文中，表示強(qiáng)制性的“必須”的語義時，要用shall，而不是should . may 旨在約定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利（可以做什么） must 用于強(qiáng)制性義務(wù)（必須做什么）. may not (或shall not) 用于禁止性義務(wù)（不得做什么）。 The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with t

24、he contract by friendly negotiations. Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the Peoples Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs. 雙方

25、首先應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商，解決因合同而發(fā)生的或與合同有關(guān)的爭議。如果協(xié)商未果，合同中又無仲裁條款約定或爭議發(fā)生后未就仲裁達(dá)成協(xié)議的，可將爭議提交有管轄權(quán)的人民法院解決。It is hereby agreed that Party B shall have no obligation to pay for the costs of such training, other than to pay for their traveling expenses to and from USA and their salaries.雙方特此協(xié)議, 乙方除支付受訓(xùn)人員赴美國的往返旅費(fèi)及其薪金外，不負(fù)擔(dān)此類培訓(xùn)費(fèi)用

26、.7 經(jīng)常用一些特殊的表達(dá)方式 一些在普通英語中很少出現(xiàn)的連詞經(jīng)常在合同中出現(xiàn)。如: Notwithstanding , provided that, subject to, for the purpose of , in respect of , in respect thereof , in the event of , in the event that, including but not limited to, unless and until, if and only if, unless otherwise, where in the case, until otherwise,

27、 otherwise or, be liable to, in Testimony whereof, in Witness whereof The works shall be measured, notwithstanding any general or local custom, except where otherwise specifically described or prescribed in the Contract.除合同另有規(guī)定外，即使有一般或當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)慣，工程也應(yīng)當(dāng)被計算。 Instruction given by the Engineer shall be in writ

28、ing, provided that if for any reason the Engineer consider it necessary to give any such instruction.若工程師認(rèn)為由于某種原因有必要發(fā)出任何指示，工程師應(yīng)以書面形式發(fā)出此類指示。Subject to the Clause 17, no variation in or modification of the terms to the Contract shall be made except by written amendment signed by the parties.根據(jù)第17條規(guī)定，合

29、同的任何變更或修改，必須以雙方簽訂的修改文本為準(zhǔn)。合同英語句法特點(diǎn)： 結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，句式較長，從句等附加成分多，但位置明顯，對主句意義進(jìn)行解釋、限制和補(bǔ)充。主要是為了體現(xiàn)莊嚴(yán)，另外為了避免歧義和引發(fā)爭端。 例如：貨物抵達(dá)目的港15天內(nèi)，買方可以憑有信譽(yù)的公共 檢驗(yàn)員出示的檢驗(yàn)證明向賣方提出短重索賠。The Buyers may，within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination，lodge a claim against the sellers for short-weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor. 買方須于本合同簽字并生效后30天內(nèi)通過出口地銀行開立以賣方為受益人的不可撤銷信用證支付全部貨款計30 000美元。Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract， the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for th