操作系統(tǒng)進(jìn)程調(diào)度模擬算法附源碼

1、進(jìn)程調(diào)度模擬算法課程名稱：計(jì)算機(jī)操作系統(tǒng)班級(jí)：信1501-2實(shí)驗(yàn)者姓名：李琛實(shí)驗(yàn)日期：2018年 5 月 1 日評(píng)分：教師簽名：一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康倪M(jìn)程調(diào)度是處理機(jī)管理的核心內(nèi)容。本實(shí)驗(yàn)要求用高級(jí)語言編寫模擬進(jìn)程調(diào)度程序，以 便加深理解有關(guān)進(jìn)程控制快、 進(jìn)程隊(duì)列等概念， 并體會(huì)和了解優(yōu)先數(shù)算法和時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)算法 的具體實(shí)施辦法。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)要求設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)程控制塊PCB 的結(jié)構(gòu)，通常應(yīng)包括如下信息：進(jìn)程名、進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)（或輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間片數(shù)） 、進(jìn)程已占用的 CPU 時(shí)間、進(jìn)程到完成還需要的時(shí)間、進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)、當(dāng)前隊(duì)列指針等。編寫兩種調(diào)度算法程序：優(yōu)先數(shù)調(diào)度算法程序循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法程序按要求輸出結(jié)果。三、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程分別用兩種

2、調(diào)度算法對(duì)伍個(gè)進(jìn)程進(jìn)行調(diào)度。 每個(gè)進(jìn)程可有三種狀態(tài)； 執(zhí)行狀態(tài)（ RUN） 、就緒狀態(tài)（READY&括等待狀態(tài)）和完成狀態(tài)（FINISH）,并假定初始狀態(tài)為就緒狀態(tài)。（一）進(jìn)程控制塊結(jié)構(gòu)如下：NAME-一進(jìn)程標(biāo)示符PRIO/ROUN進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)/進(jìn)程每次輪轉(zhuǎn)的時(shí)間片數(shù)（設(shè)為常數(shù) 2）CPUTIME-進(jìn)程累計(jì)占用CPU的時(shí)間片數(shù)NEEDTIME一進(jìn)程到完成還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)STATE-進(jìn)程狀態(tài)NEXT-一鏈指針注：為了便于處理，程序中進(jìn)程的的運(yùn)行時(shí)間以時(shí)間片為單位進(jìn)行計(jì)算；各進(jìn)程的優(yōu)先數(shù)或輪轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)間片數(shù)，以及進(jìn)程運(yùn)行時(shí)間片數(shù)的初值，均由用戶在程序運(yùn)行時(shí)給定。（二）進(jìn)程的就緒態(tài)和等待態(tài)均為鏈表結(jié)構(gòu)，共有

3、四個(gè)指針如下：RUN-當(dāng)前運(yùn)行進(jìn)程指針READY就需隊(duì)列頭指針就需隊(duì)列尾指針TAILFINISH完成隊(duì)列頭指針(三)程序說明在優(yōu)先數(shù)算法中，進(jìn)程優(yōu)先數(shù)的初值設(shè)為：50-NEEDTIME每執(zhí)行一次，優(yōu)先數(shù)減1 ， CPU 時(shí)間片數(shù)加1 ，進(jìn)程還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)減1 。在輪轉(zhuǎn)法中，采用固定時(shí)間片單位(兩個(gè)時(shí)間片為一個(gè)單位)，進(jìn)程每輪轉(zhuǎn)一次，CPUS寸問片數(shù)加2,進(jìn)程還需要的時(shí)間片數(shù)減2,并退出CPU,排到就緒隊(duì)列尾，等待下一次 調(diào)度。程序的模塊結(jié)構(gòu)如下：整個(gè)程序可由主程序和如下7 個(gè)過程組成：2INSERT1在優(yōu)先數(shù)算法中，將尚未完成的PCB按優(yōu)先數(shù)順序插入到就緒隊(duì)列中；INSERT2-在輪轉(zhuǎn)法中，

4、將執(zhí)行了一個(gè)時(shí)間片單位(為 2),但尚未完成的 進(jìn)程的PCB,插到就緒隊(duì)列的隊(duì)尾；FIRSTIN調(diào)度就緒隊(duì)列的第一個(gè)進(jìn)程投入運(yùn)行；PRINT-顯示每執(zhí)行一次后所有進(jìn)程的狀態(tài)及有關(guān)信息。CREAT創(chuàng)建新進(jìn)程，并將它的 PCB插入就緒隊(duì)列;PRISCH按優(yōu)先數(shù)算法調(diào)度進(jìn)程；ROUNDS CH按時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)法調(diào)度進(jìn)程主程序定義PCB 結(jié)構(gòu)和其他有關(guān)變量。實(shí)驗(yàn)代碼：Main.cpp#include#includeusing namespace std;typedef struct node進(jìn)程名進(jìn)程優(yōu)先級(jí)分配CPU勺時(shí)間片執(zhí)行時(shí)間 TOC o 1-5 h z char name20;/int prio;

5、/int round;/int cputime;/CPUint needtime;/進(jìn)程執(zhí)行所需時(shí)間char state;/進(jìn)程狀態(tài)int count;/記錄執(zhí)行次數(shù)struct node *next; / 鏈表指針PCB;int num;/ 定義三個(gè)隊(duì)列，就緒隊(duì)列，執(zhí)行隊(duì)列，完成隊(duì)列PCB *ready = NULL; / 就緒隊(duì)列PCB *run = NULL;/執(zhí)行隊(duì)列PCB *finish = NULL;/完成隊(duì)列/ 取得第一個(gè)就緒節(jié)點(diǎn)void GetFirst()run = ready;if (ready != NULL)run-state = R;ready = ready-nex

6、t;run-next = NULL;)/優(yōu)先級(jí)輸出隊(duì)列void Output1()(PCB *p;p = ready;while (p != NULL)(cout name t prio t cputime t needtime t state t count next;)p = finish;while (p != NULL)cout name t prio t cputime t needtime t state t count next;)p = run;while (p != NULL)(cout name t prio t cputime t needtime t state t c

7、ount next;)/輪轉(zhuǎn)法輸出隊(duì)列void Output2()(PCB *p;p = ready;while (p != NULL)cout name t round t cputime t needtime t state t count next;p = finish;while (p != NULL)(cout name t round t cputime t needtime t state t count next;p = run;while (p != NULL)cout name t round t cputime t needtime t state t count nex

8、t;)/創(chuàng)建優(yōu)先級(jí)隊(duì)列/創(chuàng)建優(yōu)先級(jí)隊(duì)列，規(guī)定優(yōu)先數(shù)越小，優(yōu)先級(jí)越低void InsertPrio(PCB *in)PCB *fst, *nxt;fst = nxt = ready;if (ready = NULL) / 如果隊(duì)列為空，則為第一個(gè)元素in-next = ready;ready = in;)else /查到合適的位置進(jìn)行插入if (in-prio = fst-prio) / 比第一個(gè)還要大，則插入到隊(duì)頭in-next = ready;ready = in;elsewhile (fst-next != NULL) / 移動(dòng)指針查找第一個(gè)比它小的元素的位置進(jìn)行插入nxt = fst;f

9、st = fst-next;if (fst-next = NULL) / 已經(jīng)搜索到隊(duì)尾，則其優(yōu)先級(jí)數(shù)最小，將其插入到隊(duì)尾即可in-next = fst-next;fst-next = in;else / 插入到隊(duì)列中nxt = in;in-next = fst;/ 將進(jìn)程插入到就緒隊(duì)列尾部void InsertTime(PCB *in)PCB *fst;fst = ready;if (ready = NULL)in-next = ready;ready = in;elsewhile (fst-next != NULL)fst = fst-next;in-next = fst-next;fst

10、-next = in; / 將進(jìn)程插入到完成隊(duì)列尾部void InsertFinish(PCB *in)PCB *fst;fst = finish;if (finish = NULL)in-next = finish;finish = in;elsewhile (fst-next != NULL)fst = fst-next; in-next = fst-next;fst-next = in;/ 優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度輸入函數(shù)void PrioCreate()PCB *tmp;int i;cout Enter the name and needtime ： endl;for (i = 0; i num;

11、i+)if (tmp = (PCB *)malloc(sizeof(PCB) = NULL)cerr malloc tmp-name;getchar();cin tmp-needtime;tmp-cputime = 0;tmp-state = W;tmp-prio = 50 - tmp-needtime; / 設(shè)置其優(yōu)先級(jí)，需要的時(shí)間越多，優(yōu)先級(jí)越低tmp-round = 0;tmp-count = 0;InsertPrio(tmp); / 按照優(yōu)先級(jí)從高到低，插入到就緒隊(duì)列cout 進(jìn)程名 t 優(yōu)先級(jí) tcpu 時(shí)間 t 需要時(shí)間 進(jìn)程狀態(tài) 計(jì)數(shù)器 endl;/ 時(shí)間片輸入函數(shù)void Ti

12、meCreate()PCB *tmp;int i;cout 輸入進(jìn)程名字和進(jìn)程時(shí)間片所需時(shí)間： endl;for (i = 0; i num; i+)if (tmp = (PCB *)malloc(sizeof(PCB) = NULL)cerr malloc tmp-name;getchar();cin tmp-needtime;tmp-cputime = 0;tmp-state = W;tmp-prio = 0;tmp-round = 2;tmp-count = 0;InsertTime(tmp);cout 進(jìn)程名 t 輪數(shù) tCPU 時(shí)間 t 需要時(shí)間 進(jìn)程狀態(tài) 計(jì)數(shù)器 prio -= 3

13、; / 優(yōu)先級(jí)減去三run-cputime+; /CPU 時(shí)間片加一run-needtime-;/進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完成的剩余時(shí)間減一if (run-needtime = 0)如果進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完畢，將進(jìn)程狀態(tài)置為F,將其插入到完成隊(duì)列run-state = F;run-count+;InsertFinish(run);flag = 0;else /將進(jìn)程狀態(tài)置為 W入就緒隊(duì)列run-state = W;run-count+; / 進(jìn)程執(zhí)行的次數(shù)加一InsertTime(run);flag = 0;flag = 1;GetFirst(); / 繼續(xù)取就緒隊(duì)列隊(duì)頭進(jìn)程進(jìn)入執(zhí)行隊(duì)列void RoundRun()

14、/ 時(shí)間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法int flag = 1;GetFirst();while (run != NULL)Output2();while (flag)run-count+;run-cputime+;run-needtime-;if (run-needtime = 0) / 進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完畢run-state = F;InsertFinish(run);flag = 0;else if (run-count = run-round)/ 時(shí)間片用完run-state = W;run-count = 0; / 計(jì)數(shù)器清零，為下次做準(zhǔn)備InsertTime(run);flag = 0; flag = 1

15、;GetFirst();int main(void)int n;cout 輸入進(jìn)程個(gè)數(shù)： num;getchar();cout 進(jìn)程調(diào)度算法模擬 endl;cout 1 、優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度算法 endl;cout 2 、循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法 endl;cout endl;cout 輸入選擇序號(hào)： n;switch (n)cout 優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度: endl;PrioCreate();Priority();Output1();break;cout 循環(huán)輪轉(zhuǎn)算法: endl;TimeCreate();RoundRun();Output2();break;case 0:exit(1);break;default:cout Enter error! endl;break;cout endl;return 0;四、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度時(shí)