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1、第七章企業(yè)外宣文本翻譯1,企業(yè)外宣的目的企業(yè)宣傳文本(Corporate Promotional Text)屬于信息文本 (informative text)和 呼喚文 本Vocative text),旨在宣傳企業(yè)產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)、展示企業(yè)良好形象、吸引潛在顧客、擴(kuò)大企業(yè)間的 交流合作、開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。2,英漢企業(yè)外宣特點(diǎn)企業(yè)宣傳文本與其他應(yīng)用文本一樣,具有相對(duì)固定的帶有本民族文化特色的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和結(jié)構(gòu)形 式。因此,英漢企業(yè)宣傳文本在內(nèi)容、語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和行文結(jié)構(gòu)上表現(xiàn)出巨大差異。2.1文本內(nèi)容漢語(yǔ)文本從文本內(nèi)容看,漢語(yǔ)文本往往長(zhǎng)篇大論,大量使用概念性或空洞夸張的套話,如“歷史悠久、 人杰地靈”等,并且習(xí)慣羅

2、列權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)證以及在國(guó)內(nèi)獲得的各種獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)等,殊不知這類(lèi)認(rèn)證和獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng) 并不為西方公眾所認(rèn)知,在對(duì)外宣傳中意義不大。而且,行文平鋪直敘,在一些枝節(jié)信息上重墨渲 染。另外,在產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明中將產(chǎn)品介紹與廣告宣傳相結(jié)合。具體表現(xiàn)如下:)信息雜陳,面面俱到,通常包含企業(yè)性質(zhì)、成立時(shí)間、歷史發(fā)展、產(chǎn)品類(lèi)別、服務(wù)項(xiàng)目、生 產(chǎn)規(guī)模、研發(fā)能力、財(cái)務(wù)狀況、員工人數(shù)、企業(yè)文化、獲獎(jiǎng)榮譽(yù)、輝煌成就、交流合作、社會(huì)服務(wù)、 目標(biāo)愿景,等等。)充斥意識(shí)形態(tài)濃厚的政治性內(nèi)容,如強(qiáng)調(diào)企業(yè)的國(guó)有性質(zhì),政治發(fā)展方向,獲得的榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),上級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的視察和親筆題詞等。例1:中國(guó)移動(dòng)秉承“正德厚生,臻于至善”的企業(yè)核心價(jià)值觀,以“做世界一流企業(yè),實(shí)現(xiàn)

3、從優(yōu)秀 到卓越的新跨越”戰(zhàn)略為指引,以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo),努力實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)與社會(huì)責(zé)任的高度統(tǒng)一, 致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)與環(huán)境方面的全面、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,為相關(guān)方不斷創(chuàng)造豐富價(jià)值, 實(shí)現(xiàn)和諧發(fā)展。例2:中國(guó)石油化工集團(tuán)公司(Sinopec Group)是1998年7月國(guó)家在原中國(guó)石油化工總公司基礎(chǔ)上重 組成立的特大型石油石化企業(yè)集團(tuán),是國(guó)家獨(dú)資設(shè)立的國(guó)有公司、國(guó)家授權(quán)投資的機(jī)構(gòu)和國(guó)家控股 公司。海外讀者從以上兩段企業(yè)介紹中可以獲得什么行業(yè)信息呢? 英語(yǔ)文本英語(yǔ)企業(yè)宣傳注重突出公司形象及產(chǎn)品,充分傳達(dá)實(shí)質(zhì)性信息,用事實(shí)和數(shù)字說(shuō)話。具體表現(xiàn) 如下:1)企業(yè)概況比較簡(jiǎn)短,通常包含企業(yè)性質(zhì)、成立時(shí)

4、間、業(yè)務(wù)范圍、產(chǎn)品類(lèi)別、員工人數(shù)、目標(biāo)2)敘述平實(shí)客觀,不渲染不夸飾,不帶政治色彩,都是讀者最為關(guān)心,最想了解的實(shí)質(zhì)信息,貼近讀者需求:如: Who we are (公司概況)、What we do (主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù))、How we do it (業(yè)務(wù)流程)、 Our people (公司員工)、Our clients (主要客戶)、Our culture and mission (公司宗旨與文化)、Our goal and commitment (奮斗目標(biāo))。例3ConocoPhillipsWho We AreAcross our 30 countries of operations, over

5、17,000 men and women work in a truly integrated way to find and produce oil and natural gas. Our technical capabilities, asset quality and scale, and financial strength are unmatched among independent exploration and production companies and uniquely position us to compete around the world.ConocoPhi

6、llips is committed to the efficient and effective exploration and production of oil and natural gas. Producing oil and natural gas and getting them to market takes ingenuity, technology and investment. Our innovative, collaborative efforts yield products that improve quality of life globally while p

7、roducing economic benefits with far-reaching influence.What We DoExploring for EnergyProducing EnergyGetting Energy to MarketCreating Innovative SolutionsDoing Business With UsPower in CooperationSustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development is about conducting our business to promote economic grow

8、th, a healthy environment and vibrant communities, now and into the future.In CommunitiesWe do more than create jobs and pay taxes in the communities where we operate. We listen. Our dedication as a community partner is evidenced in the local events we sponsor. It is also apparent in the conversatio

9、ns held between our local community liaisons and stakeholders.這是美國(guó)能源巨頭 ConocoPhillips公司網(wǎng)頁(yè)上的公司概況,信息分項(xiàng)說(shuō)明,一目了然。General Motors Company, one of the world s largest automakers, traces its roots back to 1908. With its global headquarters in Detroit, GM employs 209,000 people in every major region of the wo

10、rld and does business in more than 120 countries. GM and its strategic partners produce cars and trucks in 31 countries, and sell and service these vehicles through the following brands: Buick, Cadilac, Chevrolet, GMC. Daewoo, Holden, Isuzu, Jiefang, Opel, Vauxhall and Wuling. GM s largest national

11、market is China, followed by the United States, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and Russia. GM subsidiary is the industry leader in vehicle safety, security and information services.2.2修飾風(fēng)格漢語(yǔ)文本1)通常采用第三人稱,平鋪直敘,措辭正式,語(yǔ)氣莊重,如同新聞報(bào)道。2)辭藻華麗,講究工整對(duì)仗。例51912年2月,經(jīng)孫中山先生批準(zhǔn),中國(guó)銀行正式成立。從 1912年至1949年,中國(guó)銀行先后

12、行 使中央銀行、國(guó)際匯兌銀行和外貿(mào)專(zhuān)業(yè)銀行職能,堅(jiān)持以服務(wù)大眾、振興民族金融業(yè)為己任,穩(wěn)健 經(jīng)營(yíng),銳意進(jìn)取,各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)取得了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展。新中國(guó)成立后,中國(guó)銀行成為國(guó)家外匯外貿(mào)專(zhuān)業(yè)銀行,為國(guó)家對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展和國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。1994年,中國(guó)銀行改為國(guó)有獨(dú)資商業(yè)銀行。2003年,中國(guó)銀行開(kāi)始股份制改造。2004年8月,中國(guó)銀行股份有限公司掛牌成立。2006年6月、7月,先后在香港聯(lián)交所和上海證券交易所成功掛牌上市,成為首家在內(nèi)地和香港發(fā)行上市的中國(guó) 商業(yè)銀行。英語(yǔ)文本1 )在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和行文結(jié)構(gòu)上,使用通俗易懂、富于表現(xiàn)力的日??谡Z(yǔ)和富有鼓動(dòng)性的語(yǔ)言,產(chǎn) 品及服務(wù)描述簡(jiǎn)要準(zhǔn)確。2)大多采用第一

13、人稱Weour)的敘述視角,語(yǔ)氣親切,易于拉近與客戶的距離,用our customers和you (稱呼顧客),體現(xiàn)“顧客至上”的企業(yè)文化。例6For more than a century, we have consistently provided innovative, reliable, high-quality products and services and excellent customer care. Today, our mission is to connect people with their world, everywhere they live and work

14、, and do it better than anyone else. Weulfilling this visid n by fcreating new solutionsfor consumers and businesses and by driving innovation in the communications and entertainment industry. (AT&T概況)例7Working seamlessly across regions and disciplines, we are committed to delivering the unmatched p

15、ower of our global franchise to meet your full range of financial objectives. (Bank of America概況)3.平行文本對(duì)企業(yè)外宣英譯的啟示英漢外宣的文本特點(diǎn)是在不斷的實(shí)踐與運(yùn)用過(guò)程中形成的,在各自的語(yǔ)境中對(duì)本民族讀者具有 相當(dāng)?shù)母腥玖陀绊懥?,但是,一旦語(yǔ)境發(fā)生變化,如果將針對(duì)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的漢語(yǔ)文本原封不動(dòng)地譯 成英文,其宣傳促銷(xiāo)目標(biāo)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此,企業(yè)外宣英譯需要借鑒英語(yǔ)平行文本,對(duì)漢語(yǔ)原文進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)與調(diào)整,使之與目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)的 文化相吻合,適應(yīng)譯語(yǔ)讀者的閱讀習(xí)慣。結(jié)構(gòu)重組一般而言,一篇典型的英語(yǔ)企業(yè)外宣文本由三個(gè)

16、部分組成,即主旨 (message),主體(body)、結(jié) 尾(closure)。主旨部分開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山地說(shuō)明目的;主體部分提供具體信息;結(jié)尾部分呼應(yīng)開(kāi)頭,呼吁行 動(dòng)或邀請(qǐng)進(jìn)一步聯(lián)絡(luò)等。結(jié)構(gòu)大致為:企業(yè)總體介紹-主旨產(chǎn)品介紹主體1服務(wù)說(shuō)明-主體2.合作邀請(qǐng)-結(jié)尾例8Verizon is a global leader in delivering broadband, video and other wireless and wireline communications services to mass market, business, government and wholesale custo

17、mers. (1) Verizon Wireless operates America s largest and most reliable wireless voice and 3G netwrk. Verizon also provides communications, information and entertainment services over America most advanced fiber-optic network, and delivers innovative, seamless business solutions to customers around

18、the world.We believe strongly that our role in connecting people, ideas and opportunities is vital to meeting the challenges of the future (4).企業(yè)總體介紹-主旨(1)產(chǎn)品(業(yè)務(wù))介紹主體(2) (3) 目標(biāo)愿景結(jié)尾(4)例9Company ProfileEDS, the worlds most experienced outsourcing services company, delivers superior returns to clients t

19、hrough its cost-effective, high-value services model (1). EDS core portfolio comprises information technology and business process outsourcing services, as well as information technology transformation services (2). The two complementary, subsidiary businesses of EDS are A. T. Kearney, one of the wo

20、rlds leading high-value management consultancies, and UGS PLM Solutions, a leader in product data management, collaboration and product design software (3). We support the worlds leading companies and governments in 56 countries (4).Worlds No.1 in Application Management ServicesWorlds second largest

21、 IT Outsourcing companyEmployees: more than 126,0002006 revenues: 20.6 billionRanked 95th on the Fortune 500企業(yè)總體介紹-主旨(1)產(chǎn)品(業(yè)務(wù))介紹主體(2) (3)服務(wù)說(shuō)明-主體(4)用事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)說(shuō)明-結(jié)尾公司概況EDS公司是全球最富經(jīng)驗(yàn)的外包服務(wù)公司,本公司通過(guò)低成本、高質(zhì)量的服務(wù)模式,為客戶提 供超級(jí)回報(bào)。EDS的核心業(yè)務(wù)由信息技術(shù)、外包服務(wù)流程以及信息技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化服務(wù)構(gòu)成。EDS旗下的A. T. Kearney公司是全球領(lǐng)先的高級(jí)管理顧問(wèn)公司之一,UGS PLM Solutions公

22、司是產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)管理與合作以及產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)軟件領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。我們?yōu)槭澜缟?6個(gè)國(guó)家的知名大企業(yè)和政府機(jī)構(gòu)提供服務(wù)。以下是公司的幾組數(shù)字:管理服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)全球第一世界第二大IT外包服務(wù)商雇員:超過(guò)12萬(wàn)2006年收入:206億財(cái)富500強(qiáng)排名:第95位但是,很多企業(yè)的中文簡(jiǎn)介信息結(jié)構(gòu)比較散漫,結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,信息不集中:例9XXX公司是一家擁有生產(chǎn)、貿(mào)易與研發(fā)的綜合企業(yè)(1)。我們主要經(jīng)營(yíng)藥材、食品與飼料添加劑等,產(chǎn)品主要出口歐洲、美國(guó)、澳大利亞、中東、非洲等國(guó)(2)。我們尤其擅長(zhǎng)研制與出口維他命與抗生素的原材料(3)。我們的維他命以及相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的出口量達(dá)到1500公噸,能夠確保根據(jù)市場(chǎng)以及客戶的需求來(lái)按時(shí)安排訂

23、單、運(yùn)輸(4)。另外,我們的市場(chǎng)研發(fā)中心能給客戶提供信息資訊服務(wù)、告知客戶國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)品與市場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)狀,以便客戶能夠更多了解中國(guó)國(guó)情、做出更準(zhǔn)確的判斷與決策 。目前最熱銷(xiāo)的有抗壞血酸系列(維生素C、包衣維生素 C)(6)。我們將以卓越的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及完善的服務(wù)幫助我們的客戶在市場(chǎng)上獲得最強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力(7)。我們希望能夠與來(lái)自國(guó)內(nèi)外的新老朋友一起攜手共創(chuàng)美好的未來(lái)(8)。原文結(jié)構(gòu):第一段:企業(yè)總體介紹(1) (2) +產(chǎn)品(3) +服務(wù)承諾(4) (5)第二段:熱銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)品(6) +服務(wù)承諾(7) +合作邀請(qǐng)(8)譯文結(jié)構(gòu):第一段:企業(yè)總體介紹(1) (2)第二段:產(chǎn)品介紹(主打產(chǎn)品+熱銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)品)(3) (6)第三段

24、:服務(wù)承諾(4) (5)第四段:合作邀請(qǐng)(7) (8)譯文:XXX specializes in researching, manufacturing and marketing raw materials of pharmaceutical, food and feed additives. We mainly export to countries and regions including Europe, America, Australia, Mid-east and Africa.We are especially expert in the raw materials of vit

25、amins and antibiotics. Currently, our best-sellers are Ascorbic Acid Series ( such as Vitamin C, Coated Vitamin C )We are capable of arranging prompt manufacturing and shipment for orders as big as 1500 MT vitamins and related products. Moreover, our marketing center can provide our clients with spe

26、cific information on China s market so they can make more informed decisions.We are convinced that our commitment to quality and service will give you more competitiveness in the marketplace. We look forward to joining hands with businesses and individuals from both China and abroad to create a brig

27、hter future. (吳建,張韻菲)邏輯重構(gòu)漢語(yǔ)句子之間的意義銜接是隱性的。漢語(yǔ)行文中常會(huì)出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系不明晰、信息關(guān)聯(lián)弱、信息 冗余等現(xiàn)象,常有不同范疇的信息雜陳在一起。所以,翻譯時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息的銜接邏輯進(jìn)行重構(gòu),以便簡(jiǎn)潔明晰地傳遞實(shí)質(zhì)信息。具體策略為梳理調(diào)整,刪除冗余信息,重整結(jié)構(gòu),使行文更有邏輯性:例10公司成立近二十年來(lái),以科學(xué)管理創(chuàng)效益.以信譽(yù)服務(wù)求發(fā)展,始終把“用戶完全滿意”作為自己的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)理念,把“質(zhì)量滿意,價(jià)格滿意,服務(wù)滿意”作為營(yíng)銷(xiāo)基礎(chǔ),始終堅(jiān)持用戶至上、服務(wù)第一的 承諾,從而贏得了越來(lái)越多用戶的信賴,自 1994年至今公司銷(xiāo)車(chē)量連年遞增。譯文:Since its fou

28、ndation in 1994, the company has pivoted its development on excellent service. Always satisfying the customers in every aspect”, the company has won their trust, which has in turn contributed to the ever-increasing sales over the past nearly 20 years.(吳建,張韻菲)文化信息重構(gòu)漢語(yǔ)外宣文本里常含有不少中國(guó)文化里特有的表達(dá),這些表達(dá)常常無(wú)法、也不應(yīng)

29、當(dāng)直接翻譯成 英文,因此,需要對(duì)這些特有的文化信息進(jìn)行重構(gòu),主要策略是省略和具體化,介紹實(shí)質(zhì)性信息, 刪減或改寫(xiě)具有濃厚意識(shí)形態(tài)色彩的內(nèi)容,使譯文更加貼近英語(yǔ)讀者的需求。例11XXX公司在加快發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中,始終堅(jiān)持以科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo).累計(jì)投入億元資金以工哺農(nóng), 加快推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義新型農(nóng)村建設(shè),努力實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然、人與環(huán)境的和諧統(tǒng)一。劃線部分與目標(biāo)讀者群的關(guān)聯(lián)性很小,可讀性很差,因此:譯文:To achieve sustainable growth, XXX Company has invested about a hundred million yuan in agricultural progr

30、ams, which has contributed to the economy of local rural areas and the environment protection as well.修辭一般來(lái)說(shuō),漢語(yǔ)的詞義較籠統(tǒng)模糊,英語(yǔ)的詞義較具體清晰,漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)常出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)義重復(fù)的現(xiàn)象例12我們?cè)谧畲蟪潭壬媳WC客戶買(mǎi)得順心,用得安心,修得放心。譯文:We try our best to supply satisfactory service during the process of purchase, use and maintenance.例13多年來(lái),公司一貫奉行“用戶第一,質(zhì)量第一

31、,服務(wù)第一”的宗旨。譯文:Over the years, quality and service have always been the top priority for the company.漢語(yǔ)外宣文本常含有夸張、比喻等華麗的修辭,但是英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文體強(qiáng)調(diào)用詞樸實(shí)例14XXX公司將緊緊抓住每一機(jī)遇,千方百計(jì)拓展渠道,給國(guó)產(chǎn)汽車(chē)架起產(chǎn)與銷(xiāo)之間的金色橋梁, 讓每一品牌的國(guó)產(chǎn)車(chē)駛向成功,駛向輝煌。譯文:XXX Company is seizing every opportunity to open new sales channels, which are to be shared by all

32、 home-made car brands, promising success to each and every one of them.借鑒英語(yǔ)平行文本的表達(dá)方式根據(jù)平行文本的格式、語(yǔ)氣甚至用詞對(duì)原文進(jìn)行改寫(xiě),以盡量符合譯入語(yǔ)讀者的思維表達(dá)習(xí)慣。例15原譯:Bank of China has upheld the spirit of pursuing excellence throughout its near hundred-year history.借鑒AT&T概況中的兩句話:For more than a century, we have consistently provided

33、 innovative, reliable, high-quality products and services and excellent customer care.As we continue to break new ground and deliver new solutions, were focused on delivering the high-quality customer service that is our heritage.改譯:For more than a century, we (Bank of China) have consistently provided i

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