2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專題三冠詞學(xué)案新人教版

1、2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專題三冠詞學(xué)案新人教版2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專題三冠詞學(xué)案新人教版PAGE 2021屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分語法專項(xiàng)突破第一板塊構(gòu)建基礎(chǔ)詞法專題三冠詞學(xué)案新人教版專題三冠詞- 知 識(shí) 梳 理 -一、不定冠詞泛指某一類人、事、物，相當(dāng)于anyThe best way to learn a language is to live among its speakers. I know that the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especial

2、ly for an actress.泛指某人或某物,但不具體指明何人或何物，相當(dāng)于a certain或someA John called you just now。There is a car in the yard.表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，相當(dāng)于oneA bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.I need a student to help me。表示“每一”,相當(dāng)于perThe Chinese Export Commodities Fair is held in Guangzhou twice a year.The car is travel

3、ling at 100 miles an hour.用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”A second plan was devised and is now going forward.Please give me a second chance。抽象名詞表示一個(gè)具體情況，一個(gè)具體動(dòng)作Their performance became a success.Sometimes disappointment can make you feel like a failure.在一些物質(zhì)名詞前加不定冠詞，表示“一陣，一場(chǎng),一份,一種”There will be a heavy storm.I went

4、to buy a paper at the corner dairy.用在有形容詞修飾的一日三餐前We just had a big supper.He has a light breakfast every morning.用在有形容詞修飾的季節(jié)、日期前We had a very hot summer.We had a wonderful Sunday。與形容詞比較級(jí)連用，表示“一個(gè)更的”Young men climbed on buses and fences to get a better view.In recent years， the small town has enjoyed

5、a bigger boom than ever。用在so, as， too, how等修飾的形容詞之后,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前This is too small a room for us to live in.Russian is so difficult a language for us Chinese to learn。用在such, what, many， half等詞后,修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞He would be the last person who would do such a thing.What a beautiful flower it is！與mostadj。連用,修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名

6、詞表示“很，非?！盩hats a most expensive supper。We had a most enjoyable evening here。用于同源賓語中Live a happy life.二、定冠詞用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或物The cat, as well as the dog， is a lovely creature.特指雙方都知道的人或物，或再次提到上文提到過的人或物I like the novel you lent me last week.There was a chair by the window。 On the chair sat a young woma

7、n with a baby in her arms。 特指世上獨(dú)一無二的事物Which is the biggest, the sun， the earth or the moon?用在某些形容詞、過去分詞、v.ing形式前表示一類人或物The rich should help the poor。He fired me， but, soon he was among the unemployed.The dead no longer need。 We must do something for the living, including the injured。用在序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、only、v

8、ery、same前We made the same mistake at the same moment。You are the only one we are waiting for。We live on the twentythird floor， the highest floor of this building.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式前，表示一家人或某某夫婦The Smiths dropped in on some old friends on their vacation trip to New York.用在由某些普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家、機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體等專有名詞前the Peoples Rep

9、ublic of Chinathe United Statesthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland用在形容詞比較級(jí)前，表示“兩者中較的一個(gè)”The older of the two noblemen took a light。Of the two sisters, Lily is the younger。用在世紀(jì)、年代、時(shí)期或朝代的名詞前In the 1990s the area became a magnet for new investment。 We can compare the Han Dynasty to

10、the Romans。用在山河、海洋等名詞前The Changjiang River rolls on eastwards。用在西洋樂器名稱前She plays the violin, I mean the viola， really well.She was trying to teach him to play the guitar。用在身體部位名稱前，相當(dāng)于物主代詞(動(dòng)詞sb。介詞the身體部位)His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.用在方位或發(fā)明物前,但當(dāng)方位詞同of短語構(gòu)成方位副詞短語時(shí)，其前不用冠詞invent the co

11、mputer, in the east of BeijingTaiwan lies southeast of Fujian.用在表示具體的計(jì)量的名詞前by the hour， by the dozen特定意義的月份、季節(jié)和中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的名詞前通常加定冠詞the Spring Festival， the Dragon Boat FestivalI dont like the spring of Jinan.三、零冠詞的用法在專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞前Iron and steel plays an important role in industry。It is important to co

12、mbine theory with practice.復(fù)數(shù)名詞泛指一類人或物或表示不定量的人或物時(shí)Computers are widely used in every field of science and technology nowadays.在星期、月份、季節(jié)和節(jié)假日前The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn.If winter comes， can spring be far behind？在稱呼語前或表示獨(dú)一無二的頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞作表語、補(bǔ)語、同位語時(shí)She was appointed director of the

13、 factory. Doctor, Im not feeling myself today。Im captain of the class team.表示學(xué)科、三餐、語言、棋類和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前The teacher often plays chess with his students after class。I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.與by連用的交通和通訊工具前by train， by bus, by sea， by boatand連接兩種身份組成的一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，后者不用冠詞a worker and wri

14、ter名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞、所有格等限定詞時(shí)This is my address。I like this flower。as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作表語提至句首時(shí)Child as he is， he knows quite a lot about the history of China。四、冠詞用于習(xí)慣表達(dá)含有不定冠詞的習(xí)慣表達(dá)as a matter of fact， as a rule, all of a sudden， be at a loss, have a chance， have a good time， have a hand in， have

15、 a try, keep an eye on, be in a hurry, take a walk， take an interest in等I go to work by bicycle as a rule。I will have a try even though I should fail。We cant leave no one to keep an eye on things.Could we take a walk? I feel like a little exercise.Its not that difficult. As a matter of fact， its qui

16、te easy。My throat was dry. I was at a loss for words。含有定冠詞的習(xí)慣表達(dá)by the way， on the whole, in the end, on the way to, tell the truth， on the right / left， be in the habit of doing sth.， on the spot, the day before yesterday， in the distance, for the time being等My opinion is on the whole the same as yo

17、urs.To tell the truth, I dont think much of your plan。The doctor was on the spot a few minutes after the accident。We suddenly saw her in the distance。The situation is calm for the time being。不含冠詞的習(xí)慣表達(dá)at noon/night/dawn/midnight, at bottom， in order, in peace, at last, at present, at war， by way of，

18、day and night, without result， in trouble, in sight, from beginning to end, in advance, in danger, in case(of）, in fashion， in fact， take part in等The Prime Minister is scheduled to arrive at noon。Im so glad that weve found you at last!Day and night the waves dash against the rocks.Ive been in troubl

19、e since I was eleven years of age.It is a good idea to place your order well in advance.You have to admit that you are, in fact, in difficulties。有無冠詞意義不同的習(xí)慣表達(dá)eq blc（avs4alco1(go to school 去上學(xué),go to the school 去學(xué)校（不一定是學(xué)生)）eq blc（avs4alco1(go to bed 去睡覺,go to the bed 到床上去（不一定睡覺）eq blc（avs4alco1(in hos

20、pital 住院，in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里（不一定住院）)eq blc（avs4alco1（be in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，be in the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé))）eq blc（avs4alco1(in office 在執(zhí)政,in the office 在辦公室)）eq blc(avs4alco1(in sight of 能看見,in the sight of 在看來）)eq blc（avs4alco1（out of question 毫無疑問,out of the question 不可能的）)eq blc（avs4alco1(be at table 吃飯,be at the table 坐在桌旁)）eq blc（avs4alco1（in future 今后,in the future 將來)eq blc(avs4alco1(leave college 大學(xué)畢業(yè)，leave the college 離開