2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析

1、2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析2021年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)講解含解析形容詞和副詞知識點(diǎn)一、形容詞和副詞的基本用法1形容詞在句中的作用.(1)形容詞在句中可作定語、表語和補(bǔ)語。（2)形容詞在句中也可作狀語,用來表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。He was lying in bed，dead。（3）alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身體好）等常用作表語而不用作定語.如:He is an ill man。(錯(cuò))The man is ill.（對)She is a

2、n afraid girl.(錯(cuò)）The girl is afraid。（對)(4)two。year.old/200.metrelong/onethousand。word等復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞要用單數(shù)，一般只用作前置定語。如：Tom is a twoyear。old boy。2副詞在句中的作用。副詞在句中一般用作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,也可修飾整個(gè)句子.如：Obviously you are wrong.知識點(diǎn)二、常用連接性副詞的用法1though用作副詞時(shí)，常在句末，意為“然而，可是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義。2therefore“因此，所以”，表示結(jié)果.3meanwhile“與此同時(shí)，在此期

3、間”，表示前后分句的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。4moreover“另外,表示承接關(guān)系。5however“然而”，表示讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折，常用逗號與句子的其他成分隔開。6besides“另外;還有”，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系.7instead“相反，表示前后分句意義相反.知識點(diǎn)三、形容詞、副詞的比較級及最高級1平級比較（1)as形容詞/副詞原級as像一樣(2)asadj.a/an名詞as像一樣的(3）as mucha/an名詞as和一樣是（4）not as/so形容詞/副詞原級as.。.不如那樣Henry is a worker as good as Peter （is）Henry is as good a worker as

4、 Peter (is)Henry和Peter一樣都是好工人。It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science。人們普遍認(rèn)為，教學(xué)是一門科學(xué)，同時(shí)也是一門藝術(shù)。2比較級(1）the比較級。，the比較級。越，越The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.你越仔細(xì)，你犯的錯(cuò)誤越少。（2）the比較級of the two名詞,表示“兩個(gè)中較的。The taller of the two boys is my brother.這兩個(gè)男

5、孩中較高的是我哥哥。3比較級的修飾詞常見的修飾詞有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit， a little， any(否定句、疑問句中)，具體的數(shù)據(jù)等.He is much taller than Yao Ming。他比姚明高多了。但是very/quite/fairly一般不用來修飾比較級；最高級常用by far/much或序數(shù)詞作狀語.如:The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.4幾種帶有否定詞的比

6、較句型（1）no better than表示“和一樣；實(shí)際等于.例如：The patient is no better than he was yesterday。病人的情況和昨天一樣(不好）。(2）no more。than表示“同一樣不”.例如:A whale is no more a fish than a horse is。鯨和馬都不是魚。(3)no less。. than表示“和一樣；不遜于”。例如:The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.寫作技巧和其他藝術(shù)技巧一樣困難.5比較級

7、表達(dá)最高級含義（1）“否定詞比較級”有最高級的含義。Your story is perfect；Ive never heard a better one before.你的故事太完美了，我從來沒有聽到比這更好聽的故事。(2）比較級在以下幾種句式中均表示最高級含義.比較級thanany other單數(shù)名詞比較級thanall the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級thananyone else比較級thanany of the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級thanthe rest of復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞例如：朱莉婭是她班上最高的女生。（一句多譯）Julia is taller than any othe

8、r girl in her class。Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class。Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class。Julia is the tallest girl in her class.知識點(diǎn)四、倍數(shù)表達(dá)法1A is倍數(shù)比較級thanB2A is倍數(shù)as原級asB3A is倍數(shù)the名詞（size，length,height等）ofB4th

9、e名詞（size,length,height等)of A is倍數(shù)thatofB5A is倍數(shù)what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句長江是珠江的三倍長。（一句多譯)The Yangtze River is twice longer than the Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.The length of the Yangtze River is three times

10、that of the Pearl River。知識點(diǎn)五、形容詞作定語時(shí)的位置1通常置于所修飾的詞之前，但不定代詞的定語通常在后面。如：Someone strange is asking to see you。Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.2else常放在不定代詞和疑問代詞后面作定語。如：No one else can answer the question。3多個(gè)形容詞作定語時(shí)的詞序?yàn)椋捍笮　㈤L短、高低形狀/年齡、新舊顏色/來源、國籍、地區(qū)、出處/材料/用途。如：an exp

11、ensive Japanese sports car， those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.高頻考點(diǎn)一 形容詞、副詞的基本用法例1（2019江蘇卷)Unlike traditional gyms， app.backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.Acasual BregularCflexible Dtight【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：與傳統(tǒng)健身房不同，有軟件支持的健身房為人們提供了靈活的鍛煉選擇。casual“隨便的”；regular“有規(guī)則的”;fl

12、exible“靈活的”；tight“緊的”.【變式探究】（2018江蘇卷)Despite the poor service of the hotel， the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.Akeen BreluctantCanxious Dready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞。句意：盡管這家旅館服務(wù)差，但是經(jīng)理卻不愿投資對員工進(jìn)行足夠的培訓(xùn)。reluctant“不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的”符合句意。【變式探究】Fathers love for their kids seems to be a bit stric

13、t and tough； _， mothers love seems to be loving and caring.Aanyway BmeanwhileCmoreover Dotherwise【答案】B【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：父親對孩子的愛似乎有點(diǎn)嚴(yán)厲和強(qiáng)硬；相比之下，母親的愛似乎是富有愛心和體貼的.meanwhile“與此同時(shí),對比之下”，符合語境。anyway“盡管,而且；moreover“此外，而且”；otherwise“除此之外,否則”.高頻考點(diǎn)二 形容詞、副詞的比較等級用法例1It may not be a great suggestion。 But before _ is p

14、ut forward, well make do with it.Aa good oneBa better oneCthe best one Da best one【答案】B【解析】句意：它或許不是一個(gè)好建議，但在更好的建議被提出之前,我們先湊合一下。此處暗含比較，表示“一條更好的建議，是泛指，故選B?！咀兪教骄俊縄 think watching TV every evening is a waste of time - there are _ meaningful things to do。Aless BmoreCthe least Dthe most【答案】B【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為每天晚上看

15、電視是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,因?yàn)橛懈幸饬x的事可以去做.根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)用meaningful的比較級形式，故選B?！九e一反三】This is by far _ movie that I have ever seen。Aan inspiring Ba much inspiringCthe most inspiring Dthe more inspiring【答案】C【解析】句意：這是我曾看過的最鼓舞人心的電影了。by far 中用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級。根據(jù)that從句的描述可知，應(yīng)該選擇C項(xiàng)，即用最高級形式。D項(xiàng)，“the比較級常常要與由of構(gòu)成的短語連用。高頻考點(diǎn)三 形容詞、副詞辨析例

16、3【2018江蘇】Despite the poor service of the hotel， the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen B。 reluctantC。 anxious D. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解.句意:盡管旅館服務(wù)不好，經(jīng)理還不愿投入為員工提供足夠的培訓(xùn)。A。 keen敏銳的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的;D. ready準(zhǔn)備好的.故選B?！九e一反三】(2017天津）I want to see Mr。 Whit

17、e。 We have an appointment。 Im sorry， but he is not _ at the moment， for the meeting hasnt ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D【解析】句意：-我想見懷特先生，我們有約.-對不起，他現(xiàn)在沒空，因?yàn)闀h還沒有結(jié)束。A.忙碌；B。積極,活躍；C關(guān)心；D.有空.根據(jù)語境,故選D?！咀兪教骄俊緿avid is _ animal fur， so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the ho

18、use.Acurious about Ballergic toCsatisfied with Dfond of【答案】B【解析】(be) curious about“對好奇的;（be） allergic to“對過敏的”;（be) satisfied with“對滿意的”；（be） fond of“喜歡”。根據(jù)空格后面的so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house可知,戴維對動物皮毛“過敏”?！咀兪教骄俊縏he Forbidden City attracts a _ stream of visitors every day,

19、 especially during national holidays.Aconstant BmainCpowerful Dshallow【答案】A【解析】句意:紫禁城每天都吸引著絡(luò)繹不絕的游客，特別是在國慶節(jié)期間。A constant stream of visitors表示“絡(luò)繹不絕的游客”。Constant“持續(xù)不斷的”，符合句意.Main“主要的”;powerful“強(qiáng)有力的”；shallow“淺的。【舉一反三】Tony can hardly boil an egg， still _ cook dinner.Aless BlittleCmuch Dmore【答案】A【解析】句意：托尼

20、幾乎不會煮雞蛋,更何況做飯呢。still less意為“何況，更不用說”，符合句意。高頻考點(diǎn)四 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法例4This restaurant wasnt _ that other restaurant we went to。Ahalf as good as Bas half good asCas good as half Dgood as half as【答案】A【解析】句意:這家餐館還沒有我們?nèi)ミ^的其他餐館的一半好呢。本題為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法之一：倍數(shù)asadj.原級as比較成分?！九e一反三】Marys house in Nanchang cost much more than ours，thoug

21、h not half_Aso big Bmuch biggerCvery big Das bigger【答案】A【解析】此處表示“瑪麗在南昌的房子不到我們家房子面積的一半，卻比我們家的房子貴得多，完整的表示是“.。cost much more than ours，though it is not half as/so big （as ours)”?！咀兪教骄俊縏he new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one. Aas three times big as Bthree times as

22、big as Cas big as three times Das big three times as 【答案】B【解析】英語中常見的表達(dá)倍數(shù)的句型有：。. timesas adj。/adv。 （原級)as。.； 。.timesadj。/adv。(比較級)than.。 ； 。timesthe length/width/.of。故B項(xiàng)符合。1（2019江蘇卷)Unlike traditional gyms, app。backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise。Acasual BregularCflexible Dtight【答案】C【解析】考查

23、形容詞辨析。句意：與傳統(tǒng)健身房不同，有軟件支持的健身房為人們提供了靈活的鍛煉選擇。casual“隨便的”；regular“有規(guī)則的”;flexible“靈活的”；tight“緊的”.2(2019天津卷)A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is _ established。Aproperly BwidelyCoriginally Dtemporarily【答案】A【解析】考查副詞辨析。句意：狗的飲食習(xí)慣在正確地建立之前需要規(guī)則的訓(xùn)練。A項(xiàng)意為“正確地”;B項(xiàng)意為“廣泛地；C項(xiàng)意為“最初”；D項(xiàng)意為“臨時(shí).故選A.1（20

24、18江蘇卷）Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff。Akeen BreluctantCanxious Dready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞.句意：盡管這家旅館服務(wù)差，但是經(jīng)理卻不愿投資對員工進(jìn)行足夠的培訓(xùn)。reluctant“不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的”符合句意。1（2017江蘇）Only five years after Steve Jobs death, smartphones defeated _ PCs in sales。A.

25、controversial B. contradictory C。 confidential D。 conventional 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容詞辨析.A。 controversial有爭議的；B. contradictory對立的,相互矛盾的；C. confidential機(jī)密的，秘密的；D。 conventional傳統(tǒng)的。句意：喬布斯去世僅僅五年后，智能手機(jī)在銷量上就打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人電腦。故選D.2(2017江蘇） The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents

26、. But _ explanations are hard to find.A。 alternative B。 aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容詞。A。 alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的,有進(jìn)取心的;C。 ambiguous 有野心的，耗時(shí)的；D。 apparent顯而易見的。句意：恐龍的消失未必是由天文事件引起的,但是難以找到其它解釋。故選A.3(2017天津）I want to see Mr。 White. We have an appointment。 Im sorry, but he

27、is not _ at the moment, for the meeting hasnt ended.A。 busy B. active C。 concerned D. available【答案】D【解析】句意:-我想見懷特先生，我們有約.-對不起,他現(xiàn)在沒空，因?yàn)闀h還沒有結(jié)束.A。忙碌；B.積極，活躍;C關(guān)心；D.有空。根據(jù)語境,故選D。1（2016新課標(biāo),63）The title will be _（official）given to me at a ceremony in London?！敬鸢浮縪fficially【解析】句意：這個(gè)頭銜會在倫敦的典禮上正式地被授予我.修飾動詞應(yīng)用副詞

28、形式。2(2016新課標(biāo)，41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step back and identify(識別）those of _(great）and less importance。【答案】greater【解析】句意:如果你因?yàn)楣ぷ髫?zé)任而感到有壓力的話，那么你應(yīng)該暫緩一下，識別哪些事情更重要，哪些不太重要。由and連接兩個(gè)并列成分可知，great應(yīng)與less并列,故用比較級greater。3（2016新課標(biāo)，47)Recent studies show that we are far

29、more productive at work if we take short breaks _（regular)【答案】regularly【解析】句意：近期的研究表明,如果有規(guī)律地短暫休息,我們的工作效率會更高。形容詞通常在句中作定語或表語.此處修飾動詞短語take short breaks，需用副詞。4(2016新課標(biāo)，66）Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _（gradual）turned into chopsticks.【答案】gradually【解析】句意：小塊的食物用樹枝更容易吃到，這樣樹枝就逐

30、漸演變成了筷子。所填詞修飾動詞，所以用副詞形式。5（2016四川，62）Chinese scientists _(recent）had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.【答案】recently【解析】句意：最近，中國的科學(xué)家有機(jī)會研究一只帶著新出生的熊貓寶寶的野生雌性大熊貓。在句中作狀語應(yīng)用副詞形式。6(2016四川，63)She was a very _（care)mother.【答案】caring/careful【解析】句意：她是一位非常體貼的/細(xì)心的媽媽。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞形式。caring“體貼的，關(guān)心

31、他人的”和careful“細(xì)心的均符合語境。7(2016浙江，6）That young man is honest，cooperative,always there when you need his help.In short，hes _(rely)【答案】reliable【解析】句意：那個(gè)年輕人很誠實(shí),有合作精神，當(dāng)你需要他的幫助的時(shí)候，他總會在那里。簡而言之,他可以信賴。be 動詞后面要接形容詞作表語.8(2016浙江，18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _（many）in

32、the coming years?！敬鸢浮縨ore【解析】句意:我一直很喜歡你組織的所有的活動,并且希望未來的幾年里參加更多的活動。此處暗含比較意義，故用比較級形式。1.（2015江蘇,31）The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and （comprehension）review of the case.【解析】句意：警方?jīng)Q定對該案件進(jìn)行徹底和全面的審查。作名詞review的定語要用其形容詞形式。comprehensive 綜合的，廣泛的.【答案】comprehensive2。(2015浙江,14)Listening is thus

33、 an active, not a (passively）， behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.【解析】句意：聽是一種積極的,而不是消極的行為,它涉及聽、理解和記憶。與前面的形容詞active對應(yīng)，也要用形容詞形式，一起作名詞behavior的定語。passive被動的，消極的?！敬鸢浮縫assive3。(2015湖北，27）Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants

34、 to be （punctually).【解析】句意：盡管會議大廳距他的公寓很近，想準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到，他必須快一點(diǎn)。作系動詞be的表語要用形容詞形式。punctual準(zhǔn)時(shí)的?！敬鸢浮縫unctual4。(2015湖北,28)I dont think what he said is (relevance）to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point。【解析】句意:我認(rèn)為他說的與我們正在討論的主題無關(guān)。他跑題了.作系動詞is的表語要用形容詞形式。relevant有關(guān)的；貼切的.【答案】relevant5.（2015四川，7）Andy is content with the toy.It is the (good）he has ever got。【解析】考查最高級和比較級.句意：Andy對這個(gè)玩具很滿意，這是他曾得到的最好的玩具。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用最高級。【答案】best6.（2015四川，9)Little Tom sat