新概念英語第二冊語法精粹練習(xí)

1、新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（一）新見解二冊語法精髓一、一般此刻時一、一般此刻時：1組成：使用動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)須有變化。（1）直接加“s，”works，takes（2）以輔音加“y結(jié)”尾，變“y為”“i，”再加“es”,carrycarries（3）以“o,s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的”動詞加“es”,goesdresseswatchesbrushes2功能：（1）表此刻的事實、狀態(tài)或動作：eg:Birdsfly.Shelovesmusic.Marysparentsgetupveryearly.（2）表習(xí)慣性動作或職業(yè)，常與often，sometimes，us

2、ually，always，everyweek，seldom，occasionally，frequently等時間副詞連用。eg:Ialwaystakeawalkaftersupper.Shewritestomeveryoften.Tomandhisgirlfriendgoouttotakeapicnicoccasionally.（3）表客觀真諦，格言警語或事實：Theearthmovesroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Twoandtwomakesfour.Nomanbuterrs.人非圣賢，熟能無過

3、。（4）表未來：A在由when，after,before，as，assoonas，although，because，if，evenif，incase，till，until，unless，solongas,where,whatever，wherever等指引的狀語從句頂用一般此刻時表將來發(fā)生的動作。（黃金重點，全部考試都不放過它！）比方：Illtellherwhensheestomorrow.Evenifitrainsthisafternoon,Illmeetyou.Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepcool-headed.（不錯的句型，背下！）Illberighther

4、ewaitingforyouwhereveryougo.（很動人的句型?。〣準(zhǔn)時間表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件，用一般此刻時表達(dá)未來時見解。Theplaybeginsat6:30thisevening.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?Heleavesforthatcitynextweek.Accordingtothetimetable,theexpresstraintostartsatnineinthemorning.（依據(jù)時辰表，開往上海的特快列車清晨7點出發(fā)。）測試精編1.TheBrowns_anicecarandBrownsbrother_anicejeep.A.have/h

5、aveB.has/hasC.have/hasD.has/have2.Iftheirhouse_notlikeours,what_itlooklike?新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)A.is/isB.is/doesC.does/doesD.does/is3.-_youthinkhewille?-Ifit_tomorrow,hewillnote.A.Do/rainsB.Are/rainsC.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain4.Thelittlechild_notevenknowthatthemoon_aroundtheearth.A.do/moveB.do/movesC.does

6、/movesD.did/moved5.Manyastudent_fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom_tothecinemaA.are/goesB.is/goesC.are/goD.is/go新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（二）新見解二冊語法精髓二、此刻進(jìn)行時：is/am/are+此刻分詞1表示此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。如Thekettleisboiling.ShallImaketea?Dontyouthinkyoueattoomuch?Youreputtingonweight（體重增添）。Theworkersarebuildinganewbridgeacrossthe

7、river.2表現(xiàn)階段正進(jìn)行的動作。Heistakingphysicsthissemester（本學(xué)期）。Wearepreparingforourfinalexaminationthisweek.3go,e,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join,etc.用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)時表示馬上開始的動作。Look!Thebusising.看！車來了！Theoldmanisseriouslyill,andheisdying.isleavingforwithhermother.4與always,forever,continually,constantly等副詞連用

8、，表示說話人帶有感*彩：欣賞或厭惡。新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.（他老是想著他人。）Theboyiscontinuallymakingnoises.（這男孩不停地發(fā)出喧華聲。）Theteacherisconstantly(always)criticizingherforbeinglate.（老師向來在責(zé)備她遲到。）5下邊表示狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可以用于進(jìn)行時。（此條戒律請背10遍?。゜elieve（相信），doubt（思疑），see（看見），hear（聽見），know（知道），understand（理解），belong（屬于

9、），think（認(rèn)為），consider（認(rèn)為），feel（感覺），look（看起來），seem（看上去），show（顯示），mind（介懷），have（有），sound（聽起來），taste（嘗起來），require（要求），possess（擁有），care（關(guān)懷），like（喜愛），hate（厭煩），love（喜愛），detest（惱恨），desire（意欲）【簡單記憶】：永久不要說Imbelieving.或Heisseeingahouse.再簡單調(diào)點說，這些動詞后邊不要任意加-ing.可怕的是：我們在寫作及口語中常犯此類大錯！注意：haveaparty/thinkabout可以用進(jìn)行時，

10、由于這里have意為“舉行”；think意為“考慮”。測試精編：1.Howcanyou_Ifyouarenot_?A.listening/hearingB.hear/listeningC.belistening/heardD.behearing/listeningto2.Thegirlevenwonthaveherlunchbeforeshe_herhomework.A.willfinishB.isfinishing新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)C.hadfinishedD.finishes3.Thosewhohaveappliedforthepost（職位）_intheoffice.（本題超

11、前）A.arebeinginterviewedB.areinterviewingC.interviewingD.tobeinterviewing4.Theoldscientist_todomoreforthecountry.A.iswishingB.hasbeenwishingC.wishesD.hasbeenwished5.Ifhe_,dontwakehimup.A.stillsleepsB.isstillsleepingC.stillhasbeensleepingD.willbesleepingstill新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（三）新見解英語第二冊語法精髓（三）一般過去時。1表示過

12、去某個特準(zhǔn)時間或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或狀況。Wevisitedtheschoollastspring.IwenttoschoolbybikewhenIwasinmiddleschool.Chinawasfoundedin1949.2在表示時間或條件等的狀語從句中取代過去未來時。（參）Shetoldmethatshewouldnotgowithusifitrainedthenextday.Theywouldnotleaveuntilshecameback.Myfriendpromisedtomarrymeonceshemadeherfinaldecision.3一般過去時，此刻時和過去時的幾組差

13、別：（別認(rèn)為這很簡單，下邊的差別你不用然理解。）Herbrotherwasachemist（.已逝世）Herbrotherisachemist（.尚健在）新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)ThatsallIhadtosay（.話已說完）ThatsallIhavetosay（.言之未盡）Itwassonicetoseeyou（.分別時用）Itissonicetoseeyou（.會面時用）Janedidalotofworkthismorning.（已經(jīng)是當(dāng)日下午或夜晚）Janehasdonealotofworkthismorning.（還是上午）本句此刻達(dá)成時，此乃后話！測試精編I：（用所給動詞的正確

14、進(jìn)態(tài)填空）。1.YesterdayI_(think)thatyouwerenotin.2.usually_(sit)inthefrontoftheclassroom,butshe_(sit)atthebackthismorning.3.He_(tell)thenewstousthreedaysago.4.He_(begin)toteachChinesein1990.5.shewouldnottelephonemeifshe_(have)notime.測試精編II：1.They_thetripuntiltherainstopped.A.continuedB.didntcontinueC.hadn

15、tcontinuedD.wouldcontinue2.Thelocalpeasantsgavethesoldiersclothesandfoodwithoutwhichthey_ofhungerandcold.（without在這里表條件，你知道嗎？）A.woulddieB.willdieC.wouldbedeadD.wouldhavedied3.ItwasnotuntilthenthatIcametoknowthattheearth_aroundthesun.A.movedB.hasmovedC.willmoveD.moves新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)4.Whenallthosepres

16、ent（出席者）_hebeganhislecture.（重點題）A.sitB.setC.seatedD.wereseated5.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavewrittentoyou.ButinfactI_not.A.haveB.wouldhaveC.hadD.hadhad新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（四）新見解二冊語法精髓四過去進(jìn)行時：were/was+此刻分詞1表示過去某一時辰或階段正在發(fā)生的動作。Iwasplayingchessat8yesterdayevening.WhenIarrived,theywerewatchingTV.Theyweredoinghousew

17、orkthistimelastweek.2用于條件狀語從句中表示過去未來進(jìn)行的動作。Shetoldmetowakehimupifshewassleeping.IaskedmyfriendtowarnmeaboutitaslongasIwasdrivingtoofast.3過去某時將發(fā)生的事?？蓞⒄?（4）TheytoldmethattheywereleavingforNewYork.HewasgoingoutwhenIarrived.測試精編：1.Mybrother_whilehe_hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell/wasridingB.feel/wereridi

18、ngC.hadfallen/rodeD.hadfallen/wasriding2.He_hislegashe_inafootballmatch.A.broke/playedB.wasbreaking/wasplayingC.broke/wasplayingD.wasbreaking/played新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)3.-Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.-Ithoughtthathe_today.A.wascorningB.isingC.willeD.es4.Jackwasgoingoutoftheshopwhenhecollidedwithanoldwomanw

19、ho_in.A.eB.wasingC.hadbeeningD.hade5.MichikecouldntetothetelephonewhenMr.Smithcalledherbecauseshe_inthelab.A.hadbeenworkingB.hasbeenworkingC.wasworkingD.worked新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（五）新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（五）此刻達(dá)成時：have/has+過去分詞1表示過去所發(fā)生的動作對此刻的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常與yet，just，before，recently，lately（近來），ever，never等表時間的副詞搭配使用。He

20、hasntseenherlately.Ihaventfinishedthebookyet.2表示一個從過去某個時間開始，連續(xù)到此刻并可能連續(xù)下去的動作，常與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：sofar（迄今為止），uptillnow（直到此刻），since,foralongtime（很長時間），uptopresent（直到此刻），inthepast/inthelastfewyears（在過去的幾年里），thesedays（當(dāng)前）Hehasworkedherefor15years.IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIcamehere.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Theforeign

21、erhasbeenawayfromforalongtime.Sofar,Ihaventreceivedasingleletterfrommybrother.3某些非連續(xù)性動詞（即：動作開始便停止的動詞），在此刻達(dá)成時中不可以與表示一段時間狀語搭配。黃金重點：I常有的非連續(xù)動詞：die,arrive（抵達(dá)），join（加入），leave（走開），go,refuse（拒絕），fail（失?。?，finish，buy，marry，divorce（離婚），awake（醒），buy，borrow，lend.（背三遍！）II這種動詞其實不是不可以用此刻達(dá)成時，而是不可以接常由for指引的時間狀語。III但假

22、如用在否認(rèn)句中，非連續(xù)動詞的此刻達(dá)成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。Shehasgoneawayforamonth.（誤）Shehasbeenawayforamonth（正）Themanhasdiedfortwoyears（.誤）Themanhasbeendeadfortwoyears（.正）Howlonghaveyouboughtthebook?（誤）Howlonghaveyougotthebook.（正）4注意since的用法：Theyhaventhadanytroublesincetheycamehere.Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.新見解英語

23、第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Hehasbeenheresince1980.Hehasbeenheresincetenyearsago.5幾組比較：Hehasgoneto.他到上海去了。Hehasbeento.他去過上海。Shehasgone.她已走了。Sheisgone.她缺席了。（or她死了。）Thedoorhasbeenclosed.門關(guān)上了。（動作）Thedoorisclosed.門是關(guān)著的。（狀態(tài)）測試精編：1.Theprices_goingupallthetimeinthepastfewyears.A.keepB.keptC.havekeptD.arekeeping2.Forthewhole

24、periodoftwomonths,there_noraininthisarea.A.isB.willbeC.hasbeenD.havebeen3.TodayisJanesweddingday.She_John.A.havejustmarriedwithB.wasjustmarriedtoC.hasjustbeenmarriedtoD.justhasbeenmarriedto4.Nowondertheflowerhavewithered,they_anywaterforages.A.hadntB.haventC.haventhadD.hadnthad新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)5.Nowad

25、aysputer_awideapplicationwiththedevelopmentofproductionandscience.A.foundB.hasfoundC.findsD.hadfound新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（六）新見解二冊語法精髓第六章英語句型基本構(gòu)造精要：五種基本句型1主+謂（不及物動詞）Mancanthink.Thefireisburning.不可以忽略：常用不及物動詞有break,breathe,burn,smoke,swim,skate,appear,disappear,work,thinketc.2主+謂+表語（系動詞）Hebecameascientist.S

26、heisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.不可以忽略：常用系動詞：be,get,turn,feel,seem,appear,looktaste,sound,smell,bee,go,proveetc.3主+謂+賓（及物動詞）Welovepeace.Theywillpaintthedoor.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)常用動詞有：see,watch,need,love,like,study,answer,carry,etc.4主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)Weelectedhimpresident.Theypaintedthedoorwhite.Iadvisedthestudentst

27、orecitethetexts.王牌重點：常用作賓補(bǔ)的形式：（請將每個例句高聲朗誦一遍）（1）名詞：ThecouplenamedtheirbabyJohnson.（2）形容詞：Ikeepthedooropen.（3）副詞：Thenaughtyboyknockedthebottleover.（4）不定式：Heorderedhismentofire.（5）分詞：新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Heheardmesinging.Isawthevasebroken.（6）介詞短語：Theylookonhimasateacher.（7）名詞性從句：Iaskedhimwhathewasdoing.5（1）主

28、+謂+間接賓語+直接賓語Myfriendboughtmeagift.Ipassedhimthebook.（2）主+謂+直賓+介詞+間賓Myfriendboughtagiftforme.Ipassedthebooktohim.忘掉就意味著背叛常與介詞for搭配的動詞有：buy,make,doget,play,call,choose,cook,fetch,find,keeporder,save,etc.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)常與介詞to搭配的動詞有：bring,give,grant,hand,pass,lend,offer,pay,promise,sell,send,show,each,t

29、ell,throw,write,etc.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（七）七過去達(dá)成時：had+過去分詞1表示過去某個動作或某個詳細(xì)時間以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生、達(dá)成的動作?！斑^去的過去”。TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.TheplayhadbegunbeforeIgottothetheaterwithmyboyfriend.2過去達(dá)成經(jīng)常用于hardly/scarcely.when,nosooner.than等固定句型構(gòu)造中。（此乃超級重點句型，意為：“一就”）Shehadhardly/scarcelygonetobedwhenthebellrang.Noso

30、onerhadhearrivedattherailwaystationthanhemetherparents.（注意nosooner在句首時句型倒裝。）3intend（打算），mean（意味），hope（希望），want（想要），plan（計劃）等動詞的過去達(dá)成時用來表示本打看作而沒有做的事。Ihadintendedtocallonyouyesterday,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.（原想昨天去看你）新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)Theyhadplanedtoholdafootballmatchlastweek,buttheyh

31、adtocancelitbecausethebadweather.（原計劃上周舉行一場足球賽）測試精編：1.-Letshurry!Thepresidentising.-Oh,Iwasafraidthatwe_.A.alreadymisshimB.hadalreadymissedhimC.willmisshimalreadyD.havealreadymissedhim2.YourlettercamejustasI_myoffice.A.wasleavingB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.left3.I_mykeys,IcantrememberwhereIlastsawthem.A.

32、waslosingB.lostC.hadlostD.havelost4.Nobodyknewwheretheteacher_.A.hasgoneB.wouldhavegoneC.hadgoneD.wouldbegone5.Thesportsmen_trainingfor3hourswhenthecoachtoldthemtobreakoffforrest.A.havebeenB.areC.hadbeenD.were新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（八）新見解二冊語法精髓八一般未來時：shall/will+動詞八一般未來時：shall/will+動詞原形新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)1表示將要發(fā)生

33、的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Hewillgraduatefromthecollegenextyear.Weshallfinishourworkasquicklyaspossible.2未來時的其余構(gòu)造：（務(wù)必背下?。゜egoingtodosomething.打看作某事。（美國口語中常讀作begonna）Imgoingtobuyanewcoatthisfall.begoingto與will的比較：以下狀況須用willIllbesixteenyearsoldnextyear.Itwillbethe20thofAugusttomorrow.Whenhees,Iwillgivehimyourmessage.I

34、I.be+todosth.表示計劃安排做某事或用來征采建議。AmItotakeoverhiswork?Wearetomeetatthegate.III.beabouttodosth.馬上做某事。Thetalkisabouttobegin.新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)3重點增補(bǔ)：beonthepointofdoingsth.正要做某事setouttodosth.著手做某事setaboutdoingsth.開始做某事測試精編：1.-Themeetingisscheduledtobeginat7oclock.-But_adelay.A.itwillbeB.theredbeC.therewillbe

35、D.thereis2.Hellleaveforbeforeyou_nextweek.A.willebackB.willbebackC.ebackD.cameback3.Ournextmeeting_on1stDecember.A.hasbeenheldB.willholdC.istobeheldD.isholding4.Where_awill,thereisaway.A.therewillhaveB.hasbeenthereC.thereisD.therehasbeen5.It_beWednesdaytomorrow.A.isgoingtoB.willC.isabouttoD.isto新見解英

36、語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)新見解英語第二冊語法精髓及練習(xí)（九）一、過去未來時的組成：過去未來時的謂語為：would/should+動詞原形（would通用于全部人稱，should只用于第一人稱；should和would可縮寫為“；ds”houldnot和wouldnot的縮寫形式分別為shouldnt和wouldnt。）二、過去未來時的用法：1表示從過去某個時辰看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用于賓語從句中。Hesaidthattheywouldmeetmeatthestation.ItoldherIshould（或would）returnthebookinafewdays.Mr.Smithtoldmethathedbegintowritethebooksoon.測試精編：1.Ontelevisionlastnightthenewscasterannouncedthattheleader_onSaturday.A.isarrivingB.willarriveC.wouldbearrivedD.wouldarrive2.Hetoldusthathewouldbeginthedictationwhenwe_ready.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.wereD.are3.Myaunt