人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) unit 10 ive had this bike for three years.（section a grammar focus-4c）課件 （共51張）

1、Section A 3Grammar focus 4c 表示從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示“從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)”連用，如“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”、“since+過(guò)去時(shí)的從句”、“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”。且for與since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，for、since 把時(shí)間帶。e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years.= My uncle has worked at thi

2、s factory since ten year ago. Ivelivedheresince1990 自從1990年以來(lái)我就住在這里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears. 我三年沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)他了。 瞬間動(dòng)詞的肯定式不能和時(shí)間段連用。但其否定式可以和時(shí)間段連用。因?yàn)?，其否定式表示的是一種狀態(tài)，而狀態(tài)總是可以延續(xù)的。*He has come to Beijing for two years.He has been in Beijing for two years.*He has bought that book for three weeks.He has had that b

3、ook for three weeks.*He has joined the Army for one and a half years.He has been in the army for one and a half years.It is two years since he came to Beijing. It is three weeks since he bought that book.It is one and a half years since he joined the Army. *His grandma has died for nine months.His g

4、randma has been dead for nine months.It is nine months since his grandma died. 含有for，since的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法歌訣: 過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，for、since 把時(shí)間帶。歌訣 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，在肯定句中不能與for 或 since引出的短語(yǔ)(或句子)連用，但在否定句中是可以的，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞一旦被否定即成為狀態(tài)，而狀態(tài)總是可以延續(xù)的。如： I havent seen him for a long time. 我很久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到他了。 He hasnt come here for som

5、e time. 他有段時(shí)間沒(méi)來(lái)了。 I havent heard from her since she left. 自她離開(kāi)以后，我一直沒(méi)收到她的來(lái)信。 瞬間性動(dòng)詞 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 come be (in) buy have borrow keep leave be away die be dead stop be over begin / start be on open - be open close - be closed put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know go out be out finish be over fa

6、ll asleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 在表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的句子中，應(yīng)將短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為相同意義的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 初中英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的有： 短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞go, leave, movearrive, come, reachjoin, becomebuy, get (得到)be away (off), be out of be here , be in +某地be in, be a (an) + n.havefall ill (asl

7、eep)finish, endbegin , startbegin to learn (work, read, rain)go outget upborrowget to knowdielosebe ill (asleep)be overbe onlearn, work , read, rainbe outbe upkeepknow be deadbe lost短暫性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 此種用法中表示持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的 動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(否定句除外)。1. 這本書(shū)我買(mǎi)了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the bo

8、ok for five years. ( )句中動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 2. 你哥哥參軍多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( )Kitty has left Beijing for two days.Kitty left Beijing two days ago.Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days.Kitty has bought her purse since

9、 last year.Kitty bought her purse a year ago.Kitty has had her purse for a year.不能說(shuō): *He has come to Beijing for two years. *He has bought that book for three weeks. *He has joined the Army for one and a half years.*His grandma has died for nine months. He has got up for 5minutes.可以說(shuō):He has been in

10、Beijing for two years. He has had that book for three weeks. He has been in the army for one and a half years. His grandma has been dead for nine months.He has been up for 5minutes.The old man died two years ago.這個(gè)老人兩年前死了。The old man has been dead for two years.這個(gè)老人死了兩年了。He bought a car five years a

11、go.他五年前買(mǎi)了一輛轎車。He has had the car for five years.這輛轎車他買(mǎi)了五年了。Rewrite the sentences using for or since. (4a)1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. Jim has been in Japan for three days.2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago. They have not eaten for ten hours. They have

12、been very hungry for ten hours. (Although their last meal was ten hours ago, it isnt logical that they got hungry immediately after they had their last meal.)4aRewrite the sentences using for or since. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago.2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten

13、hours ago.They have been hungry for ten hours/since ten hours ago.Jim has been in Japan for three years.3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009.4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago.5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.I have had a camera since 2009.I have known Ann for three years/si

14、nce three years ago.Linda has been ill since Monday.4bFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold.2. They _ (never own) any pets, but they _ (always want) to have a dog.have

15、never beengohave never ownedalways want3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.have hadb

16、oughthavent beenmiss5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.has beenis4cFill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.1. Do you have a(n) _? How long have you had it?2. Do you own a(n)_? How long have you owned it?T

17、hingsHow longTonyfavorite book basketballfor two yearssince he was 10 years oldstudent1Student2【2012黔西南】He _ his hometown for twenty years. He really misses it!A. has been away from B. left C. has left D. is away from中考鏈接【解析】A 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。從“for+一段時(shí)間”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此，只能選擇A或C選項(xiàng)；而leave是瞬間性動(dòng)詞，不能持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，所以要將le

18、ave變成be away from，故選A答案。 真題鏈接( ) 1. Excuse me, where is Mr. Browns office?Sorry, I dont know. I _ here for only a few days. A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will workC( ) 2. My grandmother _ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here. Asees B. can see C. will see D. has seenD( ) 3. I _ many

19、new friends since I came here. A. make B. made C. will make D. have madeD( ) 4. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980 A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will writeC( ) 5. I _ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai. A. didnt hear from B. dont hear from C. wont hear from D. havent

20、heard fromD( ) 6. Not only Jam but also his parents _ a few interesting places since they came to China. A. will visit B. has visited C. have visited D. visited C( ) 7. Look at these stamps. I _ them for five years. Wow, they are wonderful. A. kept B. have kept C. have boughtB( ) 8. He _ for ten yea

21、rs. A. has been married B. married C. got married D. has marriedA( ) 9. My sister has learnt English _. A. for twelve years ago B. since she was four C. twelve years ago D. at the age of fourB( ) 10. She _ the book _ two days ago. A. has borrowed; since B. has kept; since C. kept; forBPractice 用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞

22、的正確形式填空。The old man _(live) here since 1992._ you _(visit) our factory yet?I _ (not see) you for a long time. You _(change) a lot.Im afraid I _(keep) you waiting for a long time.He _(know) the city since he was very young.has livedHavevisitedhavent seenhave changedhave kepthas known 選用 for和 since填空:

23、1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.forsincefor4. Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5. His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.sinceforsince 用for或since完成

24、下列句子。1. Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago. She has been there for three days.2. Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday.He has _.3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago. Ive _ _.been here since Tuesdayknown Sue since two years ago. / for two years4.I have a camera. I bou

25、ght it in 1989. _.5.Dave plays the piano. He started when he was seven years old._.I have had the camera since 1989Dave has played the piano since he was seven years old1. They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ have they been here? 2. The old man _ last year. He _ for a year. (die) （動(dòng)詞填空） 3. Th

26、is factory opened twenty years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years. Howlongdiedhas been deadhas been open按要求完成句子。 1. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 2. Ten years has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 20

27、02.A. when B. while C. before D. sinceExercises1.I borrowed the library book two days ago. I _ _the library book_ two days.2.The meeting started ten minutes ago.A. The meeting_ _ _ _ten minutes ago.B. The meeting_ _ _ _ten minutes.have keptforhas been onhas been onsincefor同義句3.My brother joined the

28、Party last year. A. My brother _ _ _the Party since last year. B. My brother_ _ _ party member since last year.4.He left Nanjing two years ago. He_ _ _ _Nanjing for two years. has been inhas been ahas been away from5. That dog died last month. That dog_ _ _since last month.6. He has had the bike for

29、 two years. A. Two years_ _since he _the bike. B. Its _ _since he_ the bike. C. He _the bike two years_.has been deadhas passedboughttwo years boughtbought ago1、They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ have they been here? 2、The old man _ last year. (die / dead) He _ _ _ for a year. (die / dead

30、) （選詞填空） 3、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義 句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years. How long diedhas been open has been dead 4、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour.5、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . has been

31、 away forjoinedago1、你來(lái)晚了，電影已放了10分鐘了。A: You are late. The film for 10 minutes.B: You are late. It ten minutes since the film .C: You are late. The film 10 minutes .has been onisbegan/startedbegan/startedago瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、狀態(tài)句型轉(zhuǎn)化練習(xí):Exercise2、我叔叔當(dāng)兵已經(jīng)有2年了。A: My uncle _ _ _ the army for 2 years.B: It _ 2 year

32、s _ my uncle joined the army. C: My uncle _ the army 2 years ago.3、Linda 已經(jīng)感冒4、5天了。A: Linda _ a cold _ 4 to 5 days.B: It _4 to 5 days since Linda _ a coldC: Linda _ a cold 4 or 5 days _ .has been inissincejoinedhas hadforiscaughtcaughtago4、他爺爺去世已經(jīng)有5年了。A: His grandpa _ _ _ for 5 years.B: It _ 5 years since his grandpa _.C: His grandpa _5 years _ .5、你來(lái)晚了，火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了20分種了。A: Youre late. The train _ _ _ for 20 minutes.B: It _ 20 minutes since the tra