新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Lesson41-Lesson46VocabularyCharter課件

1、Lesson41-Lesson46Vocabulary Charterrapture (1) Un. The state of being transported by a lofty emotion; ecstasy; intense delight 著迷; 狂喜， 極度的歡喜Phrase: with rapture(2) Often raptures, used in phrases be in raptures over/about sb./sth., go/fall into raptures over/about sb./sth.對(duì). 狂喜, 對(duì). 狂熱, 對(duì). 著迷, 對(duì). 欣喜若

2、狂eg. We listened with rapture to the famous scientists lecture. 我們凝神靜聽(tīng)那位著名科學(xué)家的講座。He gazed at the girl he loved with rapture.他喜不自勝的看著自己心愛(ài)的姑娘。Im in raptures about my new job.我對(duì)我的新工作喜不可言。She went into raptures at the news.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息她欣喜若狂。superior adj. Higher than another in rank, station, or authority； Of

3、a higher nature or kind; Of great value or excellence; extraordinary; Greater in number or amount than another; Above being affected or influenced; indifferent or immune; 上級(jí)的，在等級(jí)、地位或權(quán)威方面高于他人的；較好的，在質(zhì)量或品種方面較高的；價(jià)值巨大或品質(zhì)優(yōu)越的； 較多的，比其他事物數(shù)目或總量更大的； 突出的；不為所動(dòng)的，不受感動(dòng)或不受影響的；漠不關(guān)心的或無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的；eg. a superior officer 上級(jí)官員

4、a superior court 上級(jí)法院superior adj. Phrase: be superior to sth./sb.eg. This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week.這家西餐館比我們上星期去的那一家好。This machine is superior in many respects to that.這臺(tái)機(jī)器在很多方面比那臺(tái)好。The enemy forces were superior in numbers.敵軍在數(shù)量上占優(yōu)勢(shì)。 She speaks with a superior

5、air. 她說(shuō)話時(shí)帶著一股優(yōu)越感。A man should not only be superior to hardships, but also be superior to temptations. 一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該屈服于艱難困苦，而且也不應(yīng)該受引誘。inferior adj. Low or lower in order, degree, or rank； Low or lower in quality, value, or estimation；Second-rate; poor; Situated under or beneath；下級(jí)的，下屬的，在等級(jí)、程度或官階中低的或較低的；低等的，

6、較差的，在質(zhì)量、價(jià)值或估量大小上低的；次等的；較劣的；以下的，下面的eg. an inferior court 初等法院an inferior officer下級(jí)軍官inferior goods低檔貨inferior limit下限; 最小限度an inferior student劣等生inferior adj. Phrase: be inferior to sth./sb.eg. Captain is an inferior rank to major.上尉是低于少校的一個(gè)官階He felt inferior to his older sibling.他感到比他的兄妹們低一等。These g

7、oods are inferior to sample. 這些貨物質(zhì)地不如樣品。His work is inferior to mine.他的工作不如我的。virtually adv.(1) In fact or to all purposes; practically 實(shí)際上地, 實(shí)質(zhì)上地eg. The city was virtually paralyzed.這個(gè)城市實(shí)際上已陷于癱瘓狀態(tài)。My book has virtually finished. 我的書(shū)實(shí)際上已寫(xiě)完了。(2) Almost but not quite; nearly; pretty well 近乎, 幾乎, 幾乎是eg

8、. Virtually everyone gets a headache now and then.每個(gè)人幾乎都要不時(shí)地頭疼。The two answers are virtually the same.這兩個(gè)答案幾乎是一樣的。treat n. Something, such as ones food or entertainment, that is paid for by someone else；A source of a special delight or pleasure；款待, 請(qǐng)客，招待； 使人愉快的事， 樂(lè)事，一種特別的欣喜或樂(lè)趣來(lái)源eg. This is my treat.

9、這次由我請(qǐng)客。I stand treat. 我做東. It is a treat to meet you.見(jiàn)到你真高興。A day in the country is a real treat for a city person. 對(duì)一個(gè)生活在城市中的人來(lái)說(shuō)，在鄉(xiāng)下呆上一天真是一件樂(lè)事。Her birthday treat was a visit to the theatre. 她生日的開(kāi)心事是去劇院。 treat v. 款待, 請(qǐng)客，招待； 對(duì)待；談?wù)摚勁?；說(shuō)起Phrases: treat sb. to sth. treat sb. as treat with sb. = talk wit

10、h sb. treat of sth/ sb. = speak of, talk ofeg: It is pleasure to treat you to dinner. I treat him as my best friend. I can not bring it to a conclusion. I want to treat with you. we speak /treat of tramps contemptuouslyobstinate adj. Stubbornly adhering to an attitude, an opinion, or a course of act

11、ion; obdurate；Difficult to manage, control, or subdue; refractory；Difficult to alleviate or cure 固執(zhí)的，頑固的，固執(zhí)地堅(jiān)持某種態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)或一系列的行為；執(zhí)迷不悟的；難于控制的，難于管理、控制或壓制的；頑皮的；倔強(qiáng)的；難醫(yī)治的，難于減輕或治愈的eg. obstinate resistance頑強(qiáng)的抵抗an obstinate child不聽(tīng)話的孩子an obstinate headache難以治愈的頭痛obstinately adv.lure, tempt 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“引誘”的意思。Phrase

12、s: tempt sb to do sth；lure/tempt sb into (doing) sthlure 包含著“強(qiáng)烈的、不可抗拒的而且通常是有害的誘惑力”eg. Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth. 可能正是想尋覓一個(gè)幽靜的去處或者找個(gè)獵奇的機(jī)會(huì)的欲望引誘著人們進(jìn)入地球的深處。The hope of high profits lured him into q

13、uestionable dealings. 意欲獲取巨額利潤(rùn)誘惑他做了那些非法交易。It was not money that lured the adolescent husbandman to the cities, but the gay life. 把那個(gè)青年農(nóng)民引誘到城市的東西不是金錢(qián)，而是那里的歡樂(lè)生活。lure, tempt 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“引誘”的意思。Phrases: tempt sb to do sth；lure/tempt sb into (doing) sthtempt 也表示強(qiáng)烈的誘惑力，但更含有“被誘惑者雖然知道不該被誘惑，但無(wú)法或難以克制受到誘惑。”eg. The

14、 decks were soon covered with colourful rugs from Persa, silk from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful hand-made silver ware. It was difficult not to be tempted. 很快甲板上便布滿了波斯的彩色毛毯、印度的絲綢、 銅咖啡壺以及美麗的手工制作的銀器。對(duì)此不動(dòng)心是很困難的。The woman used all her wiles to tempt him into following her. 那女人用盡了自己的誘騙本領(lǐng)勾引著他尾隨

15、而去。The steaming apple pie tempted him to disregard his diet. 那熱氣騰騰的蘋(píng)果餡餅把他誘惑得不去顧及自己需要節(jié)食。undertaking n. A task or an assignment undertaken; a venture. A guaranty, an engagement, or a promise. The profession or duties of a funeral director.任務(wù)；承擔(dān)的任務(wù)；事業(yè); 保證、約定或許諾; 喪葬事宜，殯儀業(yè)喪葬指導(dǎo)者的職業(yè)和責(zé)任eg. welfare undertaki

16、ngs福利事業(yè)commercial undertaking商業(yè)企業(yè), 商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)educational undertaking教育事業(yè), 教育工作undertake v.eerie adj. Inspiring inexplicable fear, dread, or uneasiness; strange and frightening. Suggestive of the supernatural; mysterious. Frightened or intimidated by superstition.引起不可言狀的恐懼、害怕或不安的；奇怪和可怕的; 神秘怪異的; 神秘的 （因迷信而）恐

17、懼;被迷信嚇倒或膽怯的eg. Its eerier in a dark wood. 在黑暗的樹(shù)林里令人恐怖不安。an eerie shriek一聲怪叫insure v.投保 =make a contract that promises to pay a sum of money in case of accident, damage, loss, etc.insure sb/sth against給某人或某物保險(xiǎn)，以防萬(wàn)一Employers must insure their employees against accident.insurance n.保險(xiǎn)insurance company

18、保險(xiǎn)公司同義詞：assure v.向保證，使確信，它的賓語(yǔ)一定是人 -I assure you that Ill bring you happiness.ensure:保證，確保，賓語(yǔ)可以是物 -Hard work can ensure our success.guarantee:擔(dān)保 -I can guarantee the watch for ten months.recover vt.使得到補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)=make up for ,compensate for -Nothing can recover our health. vi.康復(fù) Phrase: recover fromThe pat

19、ient is recovered from the illness. 同義詞：regain:經(jīng)過(guò)努力而獲得什么- He regained his courage. 重新獲得勇氣restore 恢復(fù)(健康,原狀)vt-He has been restored. heal 治愈傷口-His wound has healed. 他的傷口已經(jīng)痊愈了。admittedly adv.公認(rèn)地=we are admitting that-Admittedly he is a great person.we are admitting that he is a great person.purchase vt

20、.買（比buy要正式，主要用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，還可以是名詞）-Can you purchase freedom with money?-I need not remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday. purchase money 買進(jìn)價(jià)格purchasing power購(gòu)買力not worth a days purchase.危在旦夕-His life is not worth a days purchase.shiver v.打顫，發(fā)抖=tremble整體的顫抖用shiver,部分的用tremble-He is shivering w

21、ith cold.-His hands are trembling.-His trembling voice betrayed his secret.Haul v.拖曳=pull with effort our force強(qiáng)調(diào)用力拉-Theyhauled the boat up the beach.同義詞：pull應(yīng)用范圍最廣,連續(xù)不斷的拉drag 拖拉,強(qiáng)調(diào)二者有摩擦力-The stone was so heavy that I had to drag it into the room.-After a days hard work, I dragged myself home.tug 飛快

22、地拖拉,強(qiáng)調(diào)幅度大，動(dòng)作快-Look, a thief tug the bicycle.tow 借助外力拖拉較大較重的物體-They towed the huge stone with a truck/lorry.agonizing adj. causing extreme physical or mental pain; causing extreme anxiety 精神緊張的，提心吊膽的She went through an agonizing few weeks waiting for the test results.We are faced with an agonizing ch

23、oice/decision/dilemma.agonized adj. 感到提心吊膽的agonize v.使精神緊張，使極度痛苦She agonized for days about whether she should take the job.agony n.=great pain極度痛苦，常用介詞inShe lay there screaming in agony.perch vi. 1)be on the high position位于（高處）-The little village perches among the hills.2)perch on 棲息-A bird perched

24、 on the branch of the tree at the moment.3)knock sb off his perch 打敗，擊敗-I knocked him off his perch yesterday.4) come off ones perch 不再驕傲自大=Put your pride in your pocket.不要妄自尊大-After his failure, he came off his perch.同義詞：stand v.高高地矗立Look, a great tree stands on the mountain.locate ,situate是正式用語(yǔ)，vt

25、. be located/situated介詞lieGDUFS is located/situated at the foot of Baiyun Mountain.precariously adv.危險(xiǎn)地，不穩(wěn)固地precarious adj. =unsafe, not firm, not steady :強(qiáng)調(diào)不安全，不穩(wěn)定，不穩(wěn)固-An actors life would be too precarious for me.演員的生活很不穩(wěn)定。同義詞：dangerous:強(qiáng)調(diào)很危險(xiǎn)-Playing with matches is dangerous.hazardous 碰運(yùn)氣的，冒險(xiǎn)的,具變

26、幻莫測(cè)之義-Climbing the high mountain is hazardous.adventurous:愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn)的，膽子很大的-Are you adventurous?perilous :語(yǔ)義程度比dangerous要高得多，強(qiáng)調(diào)被傷害或被傷害或被殺害的危險(xiǎn)-It is perilous to do so.這樣做會(huì)丟命的！vertically adv.垂直地vertical adj.反義詞：horizontally平行地horizontal adj.平等的I draw a line horizontally, and I draw another line vertically. p

27、ositively adv. 1)sure, of course, certainly, no problem.絕對(duì)地，He said quite positively that he would come, so Ive saved a place for him.2)completely 完全地That sales assistant was positively rude to me!3)in a good way I dont respond very positively - it just makes me angry.positive adj. 1)certain and wit

28、hout any doubt:Are you positive (that) you saw me switch the iron off?It was him - I saw him take it. Are you positive about that?“2) complete:a positive fool 3)hopeful and confident, or giving cause for hope and confidence:a positive attitude4) (of a medical test) showing the presence of the diseas

29、e or condition for which the person is being tested:陽(yáng)性的a positive pregnancy testHes HIV positive.5) being the type of electrical charge which is carried by protons: 正極6) (of a number or amount) more than zero:正數(shù)Two is a positive number.stuffy adj. 憋氣的，悶氣的同義詞: airlessThat small classroom must be stuf

30、fy.monotonous adj. lacking variety 枯燥的，乏味的I dont like the way of your teaching, it is monotonous.I hate the monotonous rhythm of travelling by train.同義詞： tedious adj.long and uninteresting.冗長(zhǎng)乏味的 Your article is tedious.dull = uninteresting I cant get along well with Mary, she is a dull girl.Look at

31、that dull person.tiresome = tiring 由于疲勞而厭倦I am a little bit tiresome after a long trip.lull vt. cause sb. to sleep催人欲睡The mother lulled her baby to sleep. lull vi.風(fēng)和日麗What a good day, the wind lulled! 風(fēng)和日利lullaby n.催眠曲snatch n. a brief part of something 短時(shí)，片段I tried to hear what they were saying, bu

32、t I only managed to catch a few snatches of conversation.in snatches 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地It rains in snatches. fumble v. to do something awkwardly, especially when using your hands 亂摸，摸索He fumbled the door open. 他摸索著把門(mén)打開(kāi)了。He fumbled in his pocket for the key. 他在口袋里摸索著鑰匙。inevitably adv. in a way that cannot be avoi

33、ded 必然地，不可避免地Eg: Their arguments inevitably end in tears.Human beings are mortal, so inevitably we make mistakes, no matter how wise and eminent you are.exhaust v.使精疲力盡I am exhausted.What exhausts you? 同義詞:wear out使磨損,使疲勞，Look, your dress is worn out. 瞧，你的衣服穿壞了。 After a days hard work, I am worn out

34、. 疲勞knock sb out 把某人打昏，使疲勞Thats a miracle that the old lady knocked the boxer out.打暈The arduous work knocked me out. 這項(xiàng)艱難的工作使我筋疲力盡。spacious adj. 寬敞的Our classroom is not so spacious as that one.I would like to lie in the spacious classroom instead of sitting here.seasick adj.暈船的airsick 暈飛機(jī)的carsick 暈車

35、的bus sick 暈公交車的 bicycle sick 暈自行車的 homesick 想家的。intimidate v. 恐嚇，恫嚇frighten, horrify, terrifyEg: They were intimidated into accepting a pay cut by the threat of losing their jobs.exhilarating adj. making you feel very excited and happy 使人高興的an exhilarating walk in the mountainsexhilarated adj. very

36、excited and happy Im exhilarated by your visit. 對(duì)于你的來(lái)訪我是高興極了。sip v. drink a little at a time. 呷，啜Phrase: take a sip of sth 喝一點(diǎn)Eg: Im really thirsty, would you mind my taking a sip of your coffee?You can take a sip of my coffee, but my cake only belongs to me.breathtaking adj. extremely exciting, bea

37、utiful or surprising 激動(dòng)人心的The view from the top of the mountain is breathtaking.We decided to go for a breathtaking trip.The picture takes my breath. 這幅畫(huà)太美了。The girl takes my breath. restrict vt.限制=keep within a certain limit.The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the coun

38、try.Phrase: restrict yourself to sth-He restricts himself to two cigarettes everyday.他每天限制自己抽兩只煙。abuse v. to use or treat someone or something wrongly or badly, especially in a way that is to your own advantage 濫用She is continually abusing her position/authority by getting other people to do things

39、for her.abuse n. = wrong usean abuse of privilege/poweruntold a.=too many to be counted 數(shù)不盡的-There are untold stars in the sky.-I am afflicted by/with untold anxieties.numerous a.無(wú)數(shù)的countless a.無(wú)數(shù)的-As human being ,we cant keep ourselves free from numerous / countless anxieties.perpetual a. continuin

40、g forever in the same way永久的，永遠(yuǎn)的(不休止的，一直持續(xù)下去的,用于不易受阻的)They are as poor as church mouse, they have to struggle against perpetual poverty.They lived in perpetual fear of being discovered and arrested.obscure adj. 1)unclear and difficult to understand or seeEg. Official policy has changed, but the reas

41、ons remain obscure.His answers were obscure and confusing.2)not known to many people:an obscure island in the Pacifican obscure 12th-century mysticobscurity n.默默無(wú)聞He was briefly famous in his twenties but then sank into obscurity.He rose from relative obscurity to worldwide recognition.radically adv

42、.徹底地,完全地=completely,entirely,thoroughly,fullyBarker introduced some radically new ideas.exclusive adj. 1) not share with others 獨(dú)占的，獨(dú)家的 Eg: The swimming pool is for my exclusive use. The newspaper offered a large sum of money to the person to get exclusive right to publish his article.2) expensive a

43、nd only for people who are rich or of a high social class 排外的，排它的Eg: The school is exclusive, only very clever children can go to it. 這所學(xué)校很排外，只有特別聰明的孩子可以在這兒上學(xué)。The store is exclusive, only very wealthy people can visit it. 這個(gè)商場(chǎng)很排外，只有特別有錢(qián)的人才能光顧。plead v. 找（借口），辯解plead ignorance: 一無(wú)所知Eg: The authorities

44、 plead ignorance.I pleaded that I was ill so I couldnt go to the party.plead that.pleadable 可辯護(hù)的Eg: This is a pleadable case.pleading n. 辯護(hù)，懇求pleader n. 辯護(hù)人beg vt. 肯求 （可憐地一再要求）beg sb. not to doask 請(qǐng)求，要求（期待肯定的答復(fù)）entreat: 請(qǐng)求（通過(guò)反反復(fù)復(fù)的請(qǐng)求，來(lái)說(shuō)服、軟化對(duì)方）implore 要求（迫切地、痛苦地要求）Eg: The poor man implored me for help.leisure n. 空閑 spare time leisure hours at leisure 悠閑自得的，空閑的Eg: Im quite at leisure if you want to me to help you.at ones leisure 在某人空閑的時(shí)候，在某人高興的時(shí)候Eg: Look me up, at your leisure. drop in me, at your leisure.At you