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1、高考英語單選寫作完型技巧講座第1頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五評分時(shí)詞數(shù)少于80和多于120的,從總分中減去2分;如書寫教差,以至影響交際,將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次;評分時(shí)應(yīng)注意內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性及上下文的連貫性。 第一擋(差)(1-6分) 未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù) * 明顯漏掉一些主要內(nèi)容,寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容 * 語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào),詞匯項(xiàng)目有限 * 較多語法或詞匯錯(cuò)誤,影響了對內(nèi)容的理解 * 缺乏語句間的連接成分,內(nèi)容不連貫高考書面表達(dá)評分原則第2頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五 高 考 英 語 單 項(xiàng) 選 擇 題 解 題 方 法 第3頁

2、,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五 命題趨勢: 1. 考查基礎(chǔ)語法知識. 2. 考查語法知識的運(yùn)用能力. 命題特點(diǎn):注重語境,強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用涉及知識面廣,涵蓋了冠詞形容詞副詞動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞定語從句及狀語從句等。動(dòng)詞一直是考查的重點(diǎn)。 近幾年加大了交際用語的考查。.語境設(shè)置更為真實(shí)自然巧妙。詞匯語法知識越考越活。解題策略歸納為以下四法: 1.題眼法。2.還原法。3.一致法。4.標(biāo)點(diǎn)法。第4頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五一. 題眼法 題眼法即語境分析法?!把邸敝傅氖穷}干中的解題關(guān)鍵信息,一旦抓住了它,就能掌握選擇的依據(jù)。在解題時(shí)同學(xué)們應(yīng)樹立全局觀和整體觀,認(rèn)真分

3、析語境準(zhǔn)確理解和把握信息并關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞句找出突破口。例如:第5頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五(1)-Is there fog in the evening? -There_be. Ill make a phone call to find it out.must B. would C. will D. might(2) Most of the Europeans refuse to accept GM food _Americansregard it as the fruit from high tech.when B. as C. while D. the moment

4、(3) Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Doctor Li _for Beijing to join in the fight against SARS, so we only had time for a few words.just left B. had just left C. is just leaving D. was just leaving(4) Is there any possibility of the film _in Paris International Festival.being tried out B. trying out

5、 C. tried out D. to try out(5) _, but he insisted that he _to school.A. Though he was ill; went B. Having been ill; wentC. Having been ill; should go D. He was ill;goDCDAD第6頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五二. 還原法 還原法,即句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析法。很多高考單項(xiàng)選擇題考點(diǎn)實(shí)為難度 較小的簡單句,但命題人往往通過加長句式,將陳述句改為疑問或感嘆等句型,使用插入語,采用倒裝和省略等手段使簡單的句式復(fù)雜化, 以增

6、加干擾因素。解題時(shí),同學(xué)們應(yīng)通過句型分析弄清題干的來龍去脈,還原簡單句的本來面目。主要有如下八種還原方式:1. 將疑問句還原成陳述句。例如:Whom is it up to _the matter?decide B. to decide C. deciding D. decided解析:將題干還原為陳述句:答案為:It is up to sb. to decide the matter. B第7頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五2 將感嘆句還原成陳述句。例如: _role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Os

7、car. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting 解析:將題干還原為陳述句: 因此答案為: 3 將被動(dòng)語態(tài)還原成主動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如: Our time should be made full use of _. A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study 解析:將題干還原為成主動(dòng)語態(tài): 因此答案為: She played an interesting role in the film.D We should make full

8、use of our time to study. D第8頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五4 將倒裝語序還原成正常語序。例如: Here is a note book, in which _ the names of the visitors. A. write B. written C. were written D. was written 解析:將題干還原為正常語序: 因此答案為: 5 將強(qiáng)調(diào)句式還原成一般句式。 例如: It was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident. A. because of her ca

9、relessness B. her being careless C. because she was careless D. she was so careless 解析:將題干還原為一般句式: 因此答案為:The names of the visitors were written in the note book.CHer being careless resulted in the terrible car accident.B第9頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五6 將先行詞還原到定語從句中。例如:The study you have been making _t

10、he ancient Chinese charactersis an instructive job.to B.for C. of D. from解析: 把定語從句 先行詞 the study 還原回從句中得出:因此答案為:7 刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu),將復(fù)雜句還原成簡單句。 例如:John plays football _, if not better than, David.as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as解析: 將插入語 if not better than 刪除得出:因此答案為:You have been making the study

11、 of the ancient Chinese characters.CJohn plays football as well as David.B第10頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五8 將省略句還原成完整的句子。例如: -Do you know what Tom does all day ? -I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he _ his lessons. A. is doing B. does C. spends in D. does doing 解析:將連詞as 后的從句還原完整,得出

12、: 此句中的 spends 可用 來代替. 因此答案為:doesDas he spends (in) doing his lessons. 第11頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五三. 一致法 一致法是另一種句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析法,即在解題時(shí)我們要注意句子前后的關(guān)系要一致,包括主謂一致,時(shí)態(tài)一致,代詞一致,比較對象一致等等,以此找到解題的突破口.例如:The man rushed out of the room, _into his car and started it hurriedly, _to get home as soon as possible. A. got; hop

13、ed B. getting; and hoped C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped 解析: C 從and 可知,此題考查三個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞rushed,got和started的并列, 時(shí)態(tài)要一致,所以第一空要填got,而第二空hoping是伴隨狀語.第12頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五2. Written in a hurry, _.Peter made many mistakes in the paperThere are many mistakes in the paperwe found some mistakes in the pape

14、rthe paper is full of mistakes解析:3. Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and _ to lose my face, I gave up this years civil service exam.didnt want B. not wanted C. not wanting D. not to want解析:分詞做狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語必須與主句的主語保持一致.此題中written in a hurry 的邏輯主語應(yīng)該是paper所以選擇主語一致的 項(xiàng)。此題考查and連接的兩個(gè)

15、并列狀語,前后形式要一致,not wanting ,與前面的thinking 一致,故選擇 D C第13頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五四. 標(biāo)點(diǎn)法 在解答單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的作用不可忽視.在做題時(shí) 一個(gè)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號可能就決定了一個(gè)題的答案.例如: 1. Our first destination was Indian Greek in Kansas._was then the frontier. A. That B. Which C. What D. Then 解析: 2. Everyone was on time for the meeting_Chris, whos

16、usually ten minutes late for everything. A. but B. only C. even D. yet 解析: AC 從前后句間的句號可知,后半句是獨(dú)立的句子而非從句,因此不可以在句首使用從屬連詞.故答案為 從破折號可知,符號后面的內(nèi)容是對前面句子的補(bǔ)充說明。故答案為第14頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五 3. They believe that the spirits are with the body of the dead person for three days; _theres always someone to stay

17、 with the dead body. A. during which time B. during which C. during when D. during this time 解析: 由分號可知后半部分應(yīng)該是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子. 故答案應(yīng)為D 總之,高考單項(xiàng)選擇題盡管只有十五個(gè)小題,但考查內(nèi)容涉及 面廣并突出了綜合性和語境化的特點(diǎn).解題時(shí),應(yīng)結(jié)合語境,認(rèn)真分 析句子,靈活運(yùn)用語法詞匯知識,通過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì),從而達(dá)到分析問 題和解決問題的目的.第15頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五鞏固練習(xí):( )1._, the earth moves around the sun .

18、 A. It is known that B. We all know C.What we know is D. As we all know( )2. During the test we were supposed to stay in our seats, keep our eyes on our work, _to anyone. A. but could not talk B. instead of speaking C. rather than speak D. and not to speak( )3. The country life he was used to_greatl

19、y since 1992. A.change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed( )4. No progress was made in the trade talks as neither side would accept the conditions of _. A. others B. the other C. either D. another( )5.-It is 30 years since we last met. -But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _we

20、got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. whenDDBBB(標(biāo)點(diǎn)法)(一致法)(還原法刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu))(題眼法)(還原法刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu))第16頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五( )6. When _ help, one often says “Thank you .” or “It is kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered( )7. _ he was the last man I wanted to see, I

21、 did all in my power to help him. A. As B. Now that C.Though D.However( )8. Who did the teacher _the article? A. have written B. have write C. had written D. has writing( )9. Its fun to see all the food I have made _in such a short time. A. eating B. to be eaten C. being eaten D. eaten( )10. The spe

22、ech _, a lively discussion started. A. being delivered B. was delivered C. be delivered D. having been deliveredDCBDD(一致法)(題眼法)(還原法)(還原法刪除附加結(jié)構(gòu))(一致法)第17頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五重 基 礎(chǔ)Conclusion細(xì) 分 析巧 運(yùn) 用第18頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五第二擋(較差)(7-12分) 未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù) * 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容 * 語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào),詞匯項(xiàng)目有限 * 有語法或

23、詞匯錯(cuò)誤,影響了對內(nèi)容的理解 * 較少使用語句間的連接詞,內(nèi)容缺少連貫性高考書面表達(dá)評分原則 第19頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五第三擋(適當(dāng))(13 18分) 基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 *雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容,但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容 * 應(yīng)用的語法和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的要求 *有一些語法和詞匯錯(cuò)誤,但不影響理解 *應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接成分,使全文內(nèi)容連貫。高考書面表達(dá)評分原則第20頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五高考書面表達(dá)評分原則 第四擋(好)(19 24分) 完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù) * 雖漏掉一兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn),但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容 * 語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)

24、要求 * 語法或詞匯應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確,有些錯(cuò)誤主要 是嘗試較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致, * 應(yīng)用簡單的語句間的連接詞, 使全文緊湊第21頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五 第五擋(很好)(25-30分) 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù) * 覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容 * 應(yīng)用了較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯 * 語法或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤.但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜語法結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致;具有較強(qiáng)的語言應(yīng)用能力 * 有效地使用了語句間的連接成分, 使 全文緊湊高考書面表達(dá)評分原則第22頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五厭倦點(diǎn):語言繁瑣、層次不清,令人感到單調(diào)、乏味詞匯有錯(cuò)誤,句子結(jié)構(gòu)單一、重復(fù)表

25、達(dá)不地道、漢語味太濃書寫潦草、令人無法辨認(rèn)、無法評價(jià)興奮點(diǎn),也就是你作文中的亮點(diǎn):語言簡潔、層次清晰選詞精確,句式多變內(nèi)容連貫,表達(dá)地道,無明顯錯(cuò)誤書寫規(guī)范,卷面整潔閱卷教師的厭倦點(diǎn)和興奮點(diǎn)第23頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五英語作文訓(xùn)練的三大步首先, 文從字順的初級階段其次, 多悟思變的過渡階段最后, 文質(zhì)兼美的高級階段第24頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五文從字順的初級階段語言錯(cuò)誤多,漢語式的句子多多數(shù)考生寫的作文要點(diǎn)很全面,但是由于英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識不扎實(shí),語言不規(guī)范,也往往失分嚴(yán)重。最突出的語言錯(cuò)誤有以下幾種:(1)主謂不一致。 Father

26、 and I am going to visit her. My uncle often go to the cinema himself. (2)時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)混用。 The meal is so nice that we all enjoyed it very much. The old man knocked down by the car and injured badly. (3)句子成分殘缺。 But the car which painted red didnt stop. The young man running in the street fast. He wouldnt ab

27、le to work out the problem. We all against all forms of terrorist activities.第25頁,共30頁,2022年,5月20日,0點(diǎn)9分,星期五句子表達(dá)多樣性的途徑 高考英語書面表達(dá)新的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求考生使用高級詞匯、復(fù)雜句式、過渡性詞語和不同的表達(dá)方式,從而增加文章的可讀性和表現(xiàn)力。a)改變句子的語序,通過倒裝某成分、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句等手段實(shí)現(xiàn)句子形式的多樣化,使句子跌宕起伏,文章生動(dòng)活潑。a.He got up very early to catch the bus.b.The girl, hungry and th

28、irsty, went back home.c.We met at the school gate and went there together early in the morning.d.Tom knew his mistakes only then.e.The news that our football team had won came soon.f.It began to rain just at ten oclock.g.Our brave Ah Fu had saved my little sister.h.We were glad to see the crops and vegetables growing well.多悟思變的過渡階

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