定語從句高考考點(diǎn)例析 新課標(biāo) 人教

1、定語從句高考考點(diǎn)例析2021/8/8 星期日1定語從句的定義在英語中，如果修飾或限制一個名詞或代詞的成分是一個從句，這樣的從句就叫定語從句。一般說來，在句子起修飾或限制作用的都是由形容詞所充當(dāng)，故，定語從句又稱為形容詞性從句。 2021/8/8 星期日2相關(guān)概念：先行詞； 關(guān)系詞先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞（組）。關(guān)系詞：連接定語從句和主句并在定語中起作用的詞，代表被修飾的先行詞，在定語從句做一個句子成分。2021/8/8 星期日3指出關(guān)系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：I think a good teacher is someone _ is easy going and treat

2、s his students as friends.Beijing is the city _ has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.Kunming is a beautiful city _ flowers are seen all the year round.I dont know the reason _

3、 many students like Zhou Jielun.thatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy2021/8/8 星期日4關(guān)系代詞、副詞用法一覽表關(guān)系代、副詞所指人或物用法thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy人或物物人人人或物時間地點(diǎn)原因主語、賓語（可?。┲髡Z、賓語（可?。┲髡Z、賓語（口語）賓語（可?。┒ㄕZ時間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語2021/8/8 星期日5考點(diǎn)一：that和which的不同Is there anything that I can do for you?Notes:先行詞為不定代詞everything，little，much，al

4、l，anything，nothing，或受其修飾時，要用that .This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.Notes:當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，要用that. 2021/8/8 星期日6Thats the only thing that we can do now.Notes:先行詞被the only，the very，the last 修飾時，用that。They were talking about the persons and things that they

5、 saw in the factory.Notes:先行詞同時指人和指物時，用that。Which is the car that was made in Beijing?Notes: 當(dāng)要避免與疑問詞which重復(fù)時，用that.2021/8/8 星期日7 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.Notes:引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，用which Language is the most important tool without which people cant communicate wi

6、th each other.Notes:直接放在介詞后做賓語時，用which2021/8/8 星期日8考點(diǎn)二:關(guān)系副詞的運(yùn)用1. I will remember the day when I left my hometown for ever.2. I often think of the days that I spent in Shanghai last summer. 3. This is the place where he works.4. This is the place that we visited last month.5. I know the reason why sh

7、e studies so well. 6. This is the reason that he gave to the teacher for being late this morning.2021/8/8 星期日9先行詞雖然表時間、地點(diǎn)、原因，但在定語從句中不時充當(dāng)時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因狀語，而是做句子的主語或賓語，使用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)。使用關(guān)系副詞必要的兩個條件： 先行詞表時間、地點(diǎn)、原因 現(xiàn)行詞在從句中充當(dāng)狀語2021/8/8 星期日10考點(diǎn)三：介詞+關(guān)系代詞The sun gives us heat and light, without which we cant

8、 live.Notes:介詞+which:先行詞指物，在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。 e.g.: The students to whom Ms Zhang is giving lessons are lovely and active.Notes:介詞+whom:先行詞指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。 2021/8/8 星期日11*關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定 Mr. Smith bought a new house on which he spent all his money.Notes: 依據(jù)從句中動詞的習(xí)慣搭配。1949 was the year in

9、 which the P.R.C. was founded.Notes: 依據(jù)現(xiàn)行詞的習(xí)慣搭配。2021/8/8 星期日12*關(guān)系代詞前的介詞如何確定e.g.: The gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.Notes: 依據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思確定。e.g.: There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.Notes:非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+ 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。2021/8/8 星期日13注意：Is this the book which/that you are looking for ? （ T ） Is this the book for which you are looking ? （ F ）遇固定詞組時，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置。 ( 該句中介詞fo