高中英語 語法定語從句課件 新人教

1、2021/8/11 星期三1定語從句The attributive clause2021/8/11 星期三2引導定語從句的關系代詞的用法： that which who whom whose 1. that在從句中作主語或賓語，指人和物。 A plane is a machine that can fly.主語The noodles that I ate were delicious.賓語Lets ask the man that is reading the book over there.主語The girl that we saw yesterday is Jimsister.賓語2.

2、Which在從句中作主語或賓語，指物。They planted the trees which didnt need much water.主語2021/8/11 星期三3The fish which we bought were not fresh.賓語3. who whom 在從句中分別作主語和賓語，代指人 (口語中who也可作賓語)。The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.The boy who broke the window is called Michael. The person to whom

3、you just talked is Mr. Li. Mr. Read is the professor to whom you should write.主語賓語賓語4. whose 在從句中作定語，指人或物Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. (whose=the teahers)This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of . (whose=the boys)主語2021/8/11 星期三4This is the book whose c

4、over is blue.(whose=the books)關系代詞whose還可以在從句中與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose1. The earthquake_ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lost

5、their homes in 1906 earthquake3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.which / thatwho/thatWhich/that2021/8/11 星期三54. A house _ is built on sand may fall down in a earthquake. 5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake .6. Harry is the boy _ mother is o

6、ur maths teacher .which / thatwho/whom/thatwhose引導定語從句的關系副詞的用法： why, when, where 關系副詞 先行詞在從句中的作用when(=at/in/on which) 表示時間的名詞 時間狀語where(=in/at which) 表示地點的名詞 地點狀語why(=for which) reason 原因狀語2021/8/11 星期三61.where 表地點，只能跟在表示地點的名詞后，它在定語從句中做地點狀語This is the school where (=at which) I used to teach.What is

7、 the name of the town where (=in which) we stayed last night.2. when表示時間，只能跟在表時間的名詞后。Tell me the time when the train leaves.I will never forget the day when I joined the army.Do you remember the days which/that we spent on the farm?3. why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引導定語從句。I dont know the reason why he left here

8、.2021/8/11 星期三7用where, which, when, whose, why, that填空1. Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play _ , of course, made the others unhappy.2. I shall never forget the days _ I lived in the country with my parents.3. The factory _ his brother works lies in the south of the city.4. They took

9、care of the old man _ son lost his life in the fire.5. I dont know the reason _ he didnt come.6. Is that the reason _ he gave to you?whichwhenwherewhosewhywhich2021/8/11 星期三87. Hangzhou is a city _ there is a beautiful lake. Hangzhou is a city _ have a beautiful lake.8. This is the factory _ my fath

10、er works. This is the factory _ we visited yesterday.9. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. I still remember the day _ we spent together.wherewhich/thatwherewhich/thatwhenwhich/that2021/8/11 星期三9 that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用that而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) yo

11、u can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This is the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被the only,

12、 the very, the same, the last修飾時。2021/8/11 星期三10(5). 當先行詞既包括人又包括物時eg. They talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.(6)如果兩個從句，其中一個關系代詞引用which, 另一個用that 避免重復。He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.(7)主句是there be 結構，修飾其

13、主語的定語從句用that.There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank.(8)先行詞為what, 關系代詞用that.What that is on the table belongs to me.有時為了避免重復而使用that 引導的定語從句。Which is the car that hit the boy?Who was the man that she danced with?2021/8/11 星期三11Compare the following pairs of sentences and find the difference

14、s between them.My daughter, who studies in the United States, rang me yesterday.My daughter who studies in the United states rang me yesterday.She told me something that happened yesterday.She told me something untrue, which made me angry. 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句表意起限定作用，若被省去，原句意義不完整。起說明補充作用，若被省去，原句意義不受影響。功

15、能修飾先行詞修飾先行詞或整個主句形式無逗號與主句分開有逗號與主句分開可以用that引導不能用that引導2021/8/11 星期三121. He gave me a pen he bought yesterday.2. He gave me a pen, which he bought yesterday.Look at the following sentences and tell the differences of the Attributive Clauses.關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時可 以省略。關系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語不可以省略。2021/8/11 星期三13w

16、hich在非限定性定語從句中可以代表主句中的一部分甚至全部內容，而不僅限于一個名詞或代詞，這時which引導的從句修飾整個主句。He changed his mind, which made me very angry.They rely on themsevles, which is much better.He has to work on Sundays, which he doesnt like.在非限定性定語從句中，which還可以作定語。He is studying economics, which knowledge is very important today.Tom spe

17、nt four years in college, during which time he learned German.在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。I passed him a large glass of whisky, which he drank immediately.Can you see a woman in a hat, whom Mr. Li is speaking to?2021/8/11 星期三14在非限定性定語從句中，限定詞（如some, any, none, all, both, several, enough,many及fe

18、w）可與of which或of whom連用。Its a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.Weve tested three hundred types of boots, none of which is completed waterproof.He has two brothers, both of whom are living in Beijing.PractisingChoose the best answer.1.Do you remember the deer farm we visited tw

19、o months ago? A. why B. when C. that D. how 2.Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, was really terrible. A. when B. where C. that D. which2021/8/11 星期三153.John said hed been working in the lab for an hour, _ was true. A. that B. whichC. whoD. what4.Anne always spoke highly of her co

20、lleagues in the movie, _, of course, made the others very happy. A. who B. whichC. thatD. what 5.Chongqing is the city _ she lived when she was young. A. where B. whichC. whenD. how 6.Do you know the reasons _ he came back? A. how B. whichC. thatD. why 2021/8/11 星期三16一、as引導限制性定語從句主要結構有： the sameas;

21、asas; suchas; soas主句中出現(xiàn)the same, as, such, so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語。1.Its the same person as we wanted to find yesterday . 我們昨天要找的是同一個人。2.Do you have such books as we like ? 你有我們喜歡那種書嗎？4.She will marry as healthy a man as she can find . 她將嫁給她能找到的任何一個有錢人。5.There is so warm a house as we want to

22、 live in . 這里有如此暖和的房子，我們都想住在里面。當 the same修飾先行詞時，引導定語從句的關系代詞可用as, 也可用that。用that表示他所引導的內容與先行詞所講的事物是同一個；用as既可表示“同一”又可表示“同類”。This is the same bicycle that I have lost.這是我丟失的那輛自行車。This is the same bicycle as I have lost.這輛自行車跟我丟的那輛一樣。2021/8/11 星期三17二、as引導非限制性定語從句 as引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句內容，從句可置于句首，句中或句尾 1. As

23、 everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history . 每個人都知道，中國是一個有著悠久歷史的美麗國家。 2.The earth , as we know , moves round the sun . 地球，我們都知道，圍著太陽轉。 3.Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as we all know. 湯母工作努力，并且樂于助人，這一點我們都知道。 非限制性定語從句中的謂語為被動式時，常用as做主語be said/known/announced/repor

24、ted/mentioned/expected/discussed.As is known to all , TaiWan is part of China . as引導非限制性定語從句，有“如，似，正像”的含義，因此，下列句式多用as as has been said above 如上所說 as anybody can see 正像每個人所看到的那樣 as we had expected 正如我們所預料的那樣1.Things are not always as they appear. 事情并不一直像他們表面那樣。2.The boy has as much progress as we had

25、 expected. 正像我們所預料的那樣，這個男孩取得了大的進步。2021/8/11 星期三18關系代詞做介詞的賓語時(prepwhich/whom)關系代詞whom, which 在從句中做介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放在先行詞和從句之間。為了使關系代詞緊跟他所修飾的詞，也可以把介詞放在從句中有關動詞的后面。The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner.b. 含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，借此仍放在動詞之后。Is this the watch which he is looking for？2021/8/11 星期三19c. 關系代詞that 在從句中做介詞賓語時，介詞不能放在它的前面，只能放在從句中有關動詞的后面The city that she lives in is very far away.d. 關系代詞whose 也可以在從句中與它所修飾的名詞一起做介賓短語The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.2021/8/11 星期三20Good bye!2021/8/11 星期