高中英語選擇性必修一 2021 unit 1 預(yù)習(xí)·新知早知道

1、 .匹配詞義單詞匹配第一組1academicAadj.清晰的；清楚的；有區(qū)別的2distinct Badj.學(xué)業(yè)的；學(xué)術(shù)的3liquid Cadv.顯而易見；看來；顯然4apparently Dadj.至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的5crucial En.液體 adj.液體的；液態(tài)的6substance Fn.目標(biāo)；目的adj.客觀的7boil Gn.物質(zhì)；物品；事實(shí)根據(jù)8objective Hvt.&vi.(使)沸騰；煮開；燒開 騰；沸點(diǎn)9property Iadv.主要地；一般地10mostly Jn.性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)；房地產(chǎn)答案15BAECD610GHFJI第二組1chartAn. 學(xué)說；理論2c

2、ircumstance Bn.usually pl. 條件；環(huán)境；狀況3theory Cn. 圖表vt. 記錄；制定計(jì)劃4gentle Dn.(pl. geniuses) 天才；天資；天賦5genius En. 教授6professor Fadj. 溫柔的；文靜的7patent Gn.方法；技巧；裝置；儀器8device Hn. 專利；專利證書；獲得專利 adj. 有專利的；受專利保護(hù)的答案15CBAFD68EHG短語匹配1commit oneself to doA冒生命危險(xiǎn)2insist on B堅(jiān)決要求3risk ones life C承諾；保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或安排等)4come to

3、 power D擔(dān)任；任職5take up a position E總結(jié)；概括6sum up F(開始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)答案16CBAFDE.默寫單詞第一組1vital adj.必不可少的；極其重要的；充滿生機(jī)的2evaluate vt. 評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)3obtain vt. (尤指經(jīng)努力)獲得；贏得vi. (規(guī)章、習(xí)俗等)存在；流行4acknowledge vt. 承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等)；(公開)感謝5defeat n. 失??；挫敗vt. 擊??；戰(zhàn)勝6conclude vt. 推斷出；得出結(jié)論；使結(jié)束vi. 結(jié)束；終止7insist vi.& vt. 堅(jiān)持；堅(jiān)決要求8analyse/analyze vt

4、. 分析第二組1flee vt.& vi. (fled, fled)2flow vi. 流動(dòng)；流 n. 流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)3found vt. 創(chuàng)建；建立；把建立在4infer vt. 推斷；推定5encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到n. 邂逅；遭遇6sum vi. 總結(jié)；概括n. 金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和7draft n. 草稿；草案vt. 起草；草擬.選詞填空evaluates, defeats, obey, insisted, analyse, vital, concluded, acknowledging, obtained, mostly1Whats worse, some d

5、rivers do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.2She evaluates people by their clothes.3In spite of many defeats, they still had plenty of fight left in them.4My brother worked hard and obtained a scholarship.5First of all, he told me, I couldnt write what other people had said without acknowledg

6、ing them.6The teacher tried to analyse the cause of our failure.7She insisted that we (should) stay at her house instead of going to a hotel and that her house was more comfortable than a hotel.8She uses her car mostly for driving to work.9He concluded from her fluttered look that she had spent the

7、money.10Its vital that we are as fresh as possible for those matches.語法填空之派生詞1We are committed(commit) to improving services now.2Schools award scholarships for high academic(academy) achievement.3He tried to take an objective(object) view of the situation.4His discovery was considered as the botani

8、cal(botany) find of the century.5How many people buy food in an organized, scientific(science) way?6After a heated discussion, they failed to arrive at a conclusion (conclude)7The students in our class are mostly(most) northerners.8He was apparently (apparent) much surprised at the news that the ama

9、teur athlete beat the professional one who ranked top ten.9Work has begun on the construction(construct) of the new airport.10She has made remarkable(remark) progress in her writing skills.11We can build up the speed gradually(gradual) and safely.12Who is your favorite English novelist(novel)?1This

10、years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (cowinner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了屠呦呦(共同獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素，這是一種治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵新藥。2Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China

11、on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking 屠呦呦，一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家，1930年12月30日出生于中國(guó)寧波，1955年畢業(yè)于北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。3In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中國(guó)政府組建了一支以探索治療瘧疾新方

12、法為目的的科學(xué)家隊(duì)伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入選的研究人員。4Their project got stuck.他們的計(jì)劃陷入了困境。5According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort.屠呦呦說，青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)是團(tuán)隊(duì)努力的結(jié)果。詞語助讀lead to the discovery of.導(dǎo)致的發(fā)現(xiàn)hundreds of thousands of lives成千上萬人的生命die from死于；因而死become a vital part of成為的重要組成部分(1)whose引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為T

13、u Youyou，其中名詞短語a crucial new treatment for malaria是artemisinin的同位語。a committed and patient scientist一位堅(jiān)定而有耐心的科學(xué)家graduate from畢業(yè)于with the objective of.目的是among the first researchers chosen首批入選的研究人員in the beginning一開始evaluate 280，000 plants評(píng)估280 000種植物(2)after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。(3)where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Hainan。(4

14、)不定式短語作目的狀語。(5)that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞treatments。suggested doing.建議做某事a collection of dried wormwood leaves大量的干艾葉get stuck進(jìn)入僵局；陷入困境acknowledge defeat接受失敗by chance偶然draw out the extract提煉提取物more than 190 times 190多次insist on doing.堅(jiān)持做某事make sure確保(6)過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞liquid。(7)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾名詞sentence。(8)t

15、hat引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作謂語動(dòng)詞concluded的賓語。(9)that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞substance。(10)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(11)most of whom引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞patients。(12)which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞medicine。according to (表示依據(jù))根據(jù)；按照eq o(,sup2(21)not just不僅僅eq o(,sup2(22)prove the great value of traditional Chinese medicine證明中醫(yī)的巨大價(jià)值(13)upon doing.一就；that引導(dǎo)賓

16、語從句。(14)it為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world。課文呈現(xiàn)TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE6 October 2015This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (cowinner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a

17、crucial new treatment for malaria(1)Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives， and has led to improved health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600，000 die from it.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malar

18、ia, and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone.Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist， was born in Ningbo, China on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.After she graduated(2), she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medi

19、cine in Beijing.In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.In the beginning， Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common(3), to study malaria patients.In 1

20、969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease(4)Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical properties.From their research, they disco

21、vered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria(5)One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.Tus team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect.They

22、 then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this(6) to treat malaria, but this did not work, either.Their project got stuck.However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance， she found one sentence suggesting a different wa

23、y to treat the wormwood(7)She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties(8)Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract， she found a substance that worked(9)After failing more than 190 times， the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team me

24、mbers even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe(10)Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients，most of whom recovered(11)This medicine, which was called artemisinin(12), soon became a standard treatment for malaria.According to Tu Youyou, the discovery

25、of artemisinin was a team effort.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize(13), she said, “The honour is not justeq o(,sup2(21)mine.There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicineeq o(,sup2(22).It is indeed an honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world(14)”譯文參考屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)2015今年