高中英語選擇性必修四 Unit 2　Section B　Learning About Language 課件

1、 Section BLearning About Language.知識體系圖解 重點詞匯 1.frog n.2.arrow n.3.getaway n.4.kayaking n.5.golf n.6.strait n. 7.monument n.蛙;青蛙箭;箭頭 適合度假的地方 皮劃艇高爾夫球運動海峽 紀念碑(或館、堂、像等);歷史遺跡8.n.部長;大臣;外交使節(jié)9.vt.給命名(或題名);使享有權(quán)利10.vi.& n.(dived/dove,dived) 潛水;跳水;俯沖11.n.自由;不受影響的狀態(tài)12.n.領(lǐng)域;領(lǐng)土;范圍13.vt.倡議;贊助;主辦n.(法案等的)倡議者;贊助者14.

2、n.自由15.n.樣本;樣品ministerentitledivefreedomdomainsponsorlibertysample重點短語1.prime minister 2.peak season 3.consist of 4.all the way 5.各種各樣的6.反對7. 更不用說8.由于首相;總理高峰季節(jié)由組成一直a variety ofbe againstnot to mentiondue to重點句式Be careful,however,not to go to popular islands during peak season,unless you want to wres

3、tle with other tourists!復習過去分詞 重點語法.釋義匹配1.entitleA.to jump into deep water with your head and arms going in first2.diveB.to give someone the official right to do or have something3.freedomC.the right to do what you want without being controlled or restricted by anyone4.sponsor D.a small part or amou

4、nt of something that is examined in order to find out something about the whole5.sampleE.to support a person,organisation or activity by giving money,encouragement or other help答案1.B2.A3.C4.E5.D.完成句子1.伙伴們決定共同努力,在最后期限前完成項目。The partners agreed to to meet the project deadlines.2.杭州是一個主要的度假目的地,吸引著來自世界各地

5、的游客。Hangzhou is a premier holiday destination, tourists from all over the world.3.聽出美國口音很簡單。It is rather an American accent.make a joint effortwhich attractsstraightforward/simple to recognise4.他們飛往那里以便能及時參加開幕典禮。They flew there in order that they might be the opening ceremony.5.數(shù)十萬人走上街頭慶祝這一時刻。 peopl

6、e went to the streets to mark the occasion.in time to attendHundreds of thousands of重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習1.Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage.(P16)中國的少數(shù)民族往往有權(quán)獲得政府的特別資金,以幫助保護他們的文化遺產(chǎn)?！驹~匯精講】entitle vt.給命名(或提名);使享有權(quán)利

7、He read a poem entitled “Salt”.他朗誦了一首題目為鹽的詩。You will be entitled to your pension when you reach 60.你到60歲就有資格獲得養(yǎng)老金。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】If one side failed to honour the contract,the other side should be entitled to cancel it.如合同一方不按合同條款行事,另一方則有權(quán)中止合同。The novel is entitled Pride and Prejudice.那本小說叫傲慢與

8、偏見重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習 重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習2.Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities,including diving,kayaking,and rock climbing.(P16)到海灘的游客可以參加許多活動,包括潛水、皮劃艇和攀巖。【詞匯精講】dive vi.潛水;跳水;俯沖The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving.他到希臘度假的主要目的就是去潛水。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】It was so hot tha

9、t we dived into the swimming pool to cool off.太熱了,我們一頭跳進游泳池里,涼快一下。He dived into his bag and took out his wallet.他把手伸入提包,拿出了錢包。Seagulls swim well,but they do not often dive for fish.海鷗游泳非常棒,但它們不經(jīng)常為捕魚而潛水。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習 重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習3.Unfortunately,elephants are endangered in Thailand,but special

10、parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.(P16)不幸的是,泰國大象瀕臨滅絕,但已經(jīng)建立了一些特殊的公園來保護大象的安全和自由?！驹~匯精講】freedom n.自由;不受影響的狀態(tài)Their efforts helped those people gain their freedom.他們的努力幫助那些人獲得了自由。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習【詞匯拓展】Men are not saints;how can they be free from faults?人非圣賢,孰能無過?The prize money fr

11、eed him from debts.這筆獎金使他免于負債。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習 重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習4.Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain,and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty.(P16)游客可以在它們的自然領(lǐng)域看到這些令人驚奇的生物,并幫助大象保護它的健康和自由。【詞匯精講】sponsor vt.倡議;贊助;主辦Please could you sponsor me for my sc

12、hools campaign?我們學校在舉行募捐活動,請問您能贊助我嗎?The conference was sponsored by our company.會議是由我們公司贊助的。Coca-Cola is to be named as the new sponsor of the League Cup later this week.可口可樂公司將在本周晚些時候被指定為聯(lián)賽杯的新贊助商重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習 重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習Be careful,however,not to go to popular islands during peak season,unle

13、ss you want to wrestle with other tourists!(P16)但是,要小心,在旺季不要去熱門島嶼,除非你想和其他游客擁擠!【句式剖析】本句是一個復合句。主句Be careful not to.是祈使句,unless意為“除非”,引導的是條件狀語從句。You are forbidden to leave the room unless you apologise for what you have done.你被禁止離開房間,除非你為你所做的事道歉。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習【句式拓展】(1)If.not和unless兩者都可表示否定的條件,有時可換用。C

14、ome and have tea tomorrow unless I phone.= Come and have tea tomorrow if I dont phone.要是我沒有打電話,明天就來喝茶。You wont catch the train unless you hurry.=You wont catch the train if you dont hurry.你要是不趕快,你就趕不上火車了。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(2)在下列情況下,通常要用 if.not 而不用 unless:當從句所引出的情況不是表示主句情況發(fā)生的一種例外,而只是一種可能,并且這種可能正是導致主句情況

15、發(fā)生的主要原因時,英語習慣只用if.not,不用unless。Ill be surprised if he doesnt win.如果他不贏,我會感到驚奇。Shed look nicer if she didnt wear so much make-up.要是她不過分打扮,本來會更好看的。Ill be sorry if they do not come tomorrow.如果他們明天不來,我將感到非常遺憾。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習當從句內(nèi)容與已知事實相反時(即引出虛擬條件時),通常要用if.not,而不用unless。If he werent so silly,he would und

16、erstand.他要不是那樣傻的話,他就會明白了。(實際上他很傻)If I hadnt stopped her,she would have jumped down.要不是我阻止了她,她就跳下去了。(實際上我阻止了她)重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習unless有時可引出一個過去未曾實現(xiàn)的假設想法,對前面主句進行補充說明(此時必須置于主句之后,且前面常用破折號而不用逗號)。I couldnt have got to the meeting on timeunless I had caught an earlier train.我不可能及時趕到會場,除非我趕上了較早一班火車。(事實是“我”沒有及

17、時到會)此句若將unless改為if.not,則成為:I couldnt have got to the meeting on time if I hadnt caught an earlier train.如果我沒趕上較早一班火車,我就不可能及時趕到會場了。(事實是“我”及時到會了)重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習復習過去分詞過去分詞由“動詞原形+ed”構(gòu)成。部分動詞的過去分詞有特殊形式變化,需要牢記。它既保留了動詞的某些特征,又具有形容詞和副詞的特征。1.過去分詞作動詞過去分詞作謂語,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(have/has+過去分詞

18、)、過去完成時(had+過去分詞)和被動語態(tài)(be+過去分詞)的句子中。The director,who shared a dorm-room with Jack in the Film Academy,has already made four films.這位導演已經(jīng)執(zhí)導了四部電影,在電影學院求學時杰克與他同住在一間寢室。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習Its generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes.人們普遍認為人們按照他們的做事方式行事是

19、由于性格和態(tài)度的原因。He told me he had worked alongside Frank and Mark and they had become friends.他告訴我他與弗蘭克和馬克一起工作過,并且成了朋友。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習2.過去分詞作定語(1)過去分詞作定語時和被修飾的名詞具有“動賓關(guān)系”。單個過去分詞作定語一般置于被修飾的詞語之前,過去分詞短語作定語時一般置于被修飾的詞語之后。Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.清華大學

20、建于1911年,培養(yǎng)了一大批杰出的人士。There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano,giving travellers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.每天都有導游帶領(lǐng)游客前往這座高度活躍的火山,讓游客有機會看到大自然最強大的一面。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(2)及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表示被動的動作,不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表示已經(jīng)完成的動作。The strong wind blew the fallen leaves into th

21、e sky.(表示完成)大風把落葉吹到了天空中。Most of the countries in Europe are developed countries.(表示完成)歐洲大部分的國家是發(fā)達國家。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(3)動詞不定式的被動式、動詞-ing形式的被動式和過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別動詞不定式的被動式作定語表示一個未來的動作;動詞-ing形式的被動式作定語表示的動作正在發(fā)生或是與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生;過去分詞作定語表示的動作或是在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生,或是沒有一定的時間性。Will you attend the meeting to be held next w

22、eek?你要參加下周召開的會議嗎?The building being put up will be our library.正在建的大樓將是我們的圖書館。A great number of students questioned said they were forced to practise the piano.許多被詢問的學生說他們被迫練習鋼琴。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習3.過去分詞作賓語補足語(1)表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞,如:see、watch、observe、look at、hear、listen to、feel、notice、think等。The manager was

23、satisfied to see many new products developed after great effort.經(jīng)理很滿意地看到在付出巨大努力之后很多新產(chǎn)品被研發(fā)出來。He found his hometown changed greatly.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(2)表示“致使”意義的動詞,如:have、make、get、keep、leave等。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。Dont leave those

24、 things undone.不要把那些事情擱著不做。(3)使役動詞have接過去分詞作賓語補足語有兩種情況:過去分詞所表示的動作由他人完成;過去分詞所表示的動作由句中的主語所經(jīng)歷。He had his house painted white.他讓人把房子刷成了白色。(讓別人做的)He had his leg injured when riding a bike.他騎自行車時傷了腿。(自己的經(jīng)歷)重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習(4)“with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)“with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,過去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語補足語,這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。

25、The murderer was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.兇手被帶進來了,他的雙手被綁在背后。(表方式)With water heated,we can see the steam.水一被加熱,我們就會看到水蒸氣。(表條件)With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解決,我們都回家了。(表原因)She stood in front of him,with her eyes fixed on his face.她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他。(表伴隨)重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習

26、4.過去分詞作狀語過去分詞(短語)作狀語,說明謂語動詞的動作和狀態(tài),其邏輯賓語是句子的主語,也就是說過去分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系。由于過去分詞(短語)具有副詞的某些特征,因此在句中可以作原因、時間、條件、讓步、伴隨或結(jié)果等狀語。Translated into English,the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.翻譯成英語后,這個句子的詞序全變了。Encouraged by the progress he has made,he works harder.受到所取得進步的鼓舞,他工作更努力了。He

27、finally arrived,tired out from such a long walk.他終于到了,走那么長的路累得他筋疲力盡。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習5.過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或主觀心理感受,相當于形容詞的作用。注意: 表示感覺的一些過去分詞(surprised、disappointed、excited、pleased 等) 及其他一些過去分詞(dressed、drunk、devoted、lost、known、married、bent、recovered、separated 等)?？捎米鞅碚Z,表示狀態(tài)。其中有些只表狀態(tài),毫無被動意義。重點詞匯重點句式重

28、點語法隨堂練習You are requested to remain seated during take-off.在飛機起飛時,請大家坐好。Everyone was surprised to see the buildings finished so soon.看到這些建筑這么快就建成了大家都感到很驚奇。Tom was disappointed to hear his suggestions had been turned down.湯姆聽到他的建議被拒絕后很失望。重點詞匯重點句式重點語法隨堂練習.單詞拼寫1.The interviews were given to a random (抽樣) of students.答案sample2.A se