醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)課件資料：Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemia

1、Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemiaMargaret M. Showel and Mark Levis*文章大意abstract摘 要1 insights into the pathogenesis of AML over the last several decades have led to the development of a relatively sophisticated classification scheme that allows more nuanced risk stratification to guide trea

2、tment choices過(guò)去幾十年對(duì)AML的發(fā)病機(jī)制的認(rèn)識(shí)逐漸加深，相對(duì)復(fù)雜的分類體系得以提出，差別細(xì)微風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分層是更精細(xì)的治療得以進(jìn)行2improvements in stem cell transplantation have allowed many more patients to take advantage of this highly effective therapeutic technique.提高造血干細(xì)胞移植技術(shù)的發(fā)展使其能在更多地患者中實(shí)行Abbrevations精細(xì)分類Acute myeloid leukemia with intermediate-riskkaryo

3、typeFLT3/isocitrate dehydrogenaseNPM1Acute myeloid leukemia with favorable-riskkaryotypeC/EBPaAcute promyelocytic leukemiaCore-binding factor leukemiaAcute myeloid leukemia with unfavorable-risk karyotypeMyelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukemiaAbbrevations01020304AML，急性髓細(xì)胞性白血病;APL，急性早幼粒細(xì)胞白血病;ATRA，全反式維甲

4、酸，全反式維甲酸;CBF，核心結(jié)合因子;C / EBP，CCAAT - 增強(qiáng)子結(jié)合蛋白;DNMT3A，DNA甲基3A;GVHD，移植物抗宿主病;IDH，異檸檬酸脫氫酶;LSC，白血病干細(xì)胞;MDS，骨髓增生異常綜合征;MRD，微小殘留病;MUD，匹配的無(wú)關(guān)供者;OS，總生存期;PML，早幼粒細(xì)胞白血病;RAR融合基因，維甲酸受體;RIC，降低強(qiáng)度調(diào)節(jié);SCT，干細(xì)胞移植。常見(jiàn)詞匯張林杰 20120106601組成；構(gòu)成02展現(xiàn)；提出；闡述；證明03假想；假設(shè)04重要的VOCABULARY組成；構(gòu)成Consisting ofCompriseIncludingcomposed ofContainI

5、nvolveEmbrace01組成；構(gòu)成02展現(xiàn)；提出；闡述；證明03假想；假設(shè)04重要的VOCABULARY展現(xiàn)；提出；闡述；證明Manifest inDemonstratePropose Suggest PresentAddress01組成；構(gòu)成02展現(xiàn)；提出；闡述；證明03假想；假設(shè)04重要的VOCABULARY假想；假設(shè)PositHypothesisAssumeSuppose01組成；構(gòu)成02展現(xiàn)；提出；闡述；證明03假想；假設(shè)04重要的VOCABULARY重要的Be central toConsiderableSignificantVitalCrucial01目前02因?yàn)?304此外

6、；另外VOCABULARY目前At presentCurrentlyFor instantBy/So far01目前02因?yàn)?304此外；另外VOCABULARY由于；因?yàn)镺wing toBecause ofSinceAs01目前02因?yàn)?304此外；另外VOCABULARYOriginallyGraduallySubsequentlyNot surprisinglyUltimately01目前02因?yàn)?304此外；另外VOCABULARY此外；另外Beyond thatIn additionFurthermoreEven soMoreoverOtherwise/likewise詞根與記憶楊懌

7、 201201001Vocabulary Learning-genesisLeukemo/genesisLeukemo-:leukemias variantPatho/genesisPatho-:disease, any disease ofVocabulary LearningMyelo-Myel/o/blast/ic Myel/o: bone marrowBlast/o: productive cell; embryonic cell-Ic: pertaining toMyel/o/dys/plasiaMyel/o: bone marrowdys-: abnormal-plasia: fo

8、rmation, molding, developmentVocabulary Learningant-,anti-anti/emeticanti-infectiousanti/microbialanti-leukemicant/agonistsVocabulary Learningpediatrics vs pediatricped/o: child-atrics: medical specialtyPediatrics: n.Pediatric: adj.Vocabulary Learningrelapsele-: again, backlapse: go back to bad beha

9、viore.g., at least half of these patients eventually relapse and ultimately die without SCT.BiologyPediatric disease accounts for only 6% to 7% of AML cases and has a biology somewhat distinct from that of adult disease.some superfluous wordsNucleophosmin.AnthracyclineHaploidenticalPhrase Learning王赫

10、男 201201010Medical Termsoverall survival (OS) antecedent myelodysplasia (MDS/AML) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) Medical Termsdisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) core-binding factor (CBF) leukemias Semanticsophisticated classification scheme nuanced r

11、isk stratification consolidate remission into cure consolidation therapy Semanticacuity and severity of illness at diagnosis. a differentiation block a growth factor pathway mutation combined with a differentiation block led to AML AML results from a differentiation block of hematopoietic progenitor

12、 cells along with uncontrolled proliferation.Something about latinex vivoin vivoin vitroDe novo長(zhǎng)難句部分張靖承 2012010661 The leukemia stem cell (LSC) theory posits that rare stem cells with self-renewal capacity give rise to partially differentiated progeny that comprise the bulk of the leukemia but posse

13、ss only limited proliferative potential and do not have the capacity to initiate or maintain disease白血病干細(xì)胞理論假設(shè)，只有少部分具有自我更新能力的干細(xì)胞才會(huì)增殖產(chǎn)生部分分化的后代，然而這些后代細(xì)胞雖造成了白血病的癥狀，但是由于它們保留的增殖潛能有限，所以沒(méi)有能力來(lái)觸發(fā)并維持疾病的癥狀。2Despite its limited clinical application thus far, this stem cell hypothesis provided a crucial framewor

14、k in which to incorporate a growing body of genomic data, beginning with the identification of recurrent chromosomal abnormalities associated with certain disease subtypes盡管這個(gè)猜想至今為止在臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的應(yīng)用中還是有限的，這個(gè)干細(xì)胞猜想給我們搭起了一個(gè)很重要的框架，整合了越來(lái)越多的基因數(shù)據(jù)。這個(gè)基因數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)從識(shí)別那些經(jīng)常發(fā)生的染色體異常而導(dǎo)致的特定疾病亞型開始。3Considerable effort has been made

15、 to identify a clinically relevant population of“minimal residual disease” (MRD), which is leukemia identified at very low levels undetectable by standard methods currently used to define remission.我們?cè)诖_定臨床相關(guān)的“最小殘余疾病”問(wèn)題上已經(jīng)做了非常大的努力，用那些以常規(guī)方法檢測(cè)無(wú)法檢測(cè)出的，殘余致病細(xì)胞量特別少的白血病例作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，來(lái)標(biāo)定緩解的程度。感受先找動(dòng)詞認(rèn)準(zhǔn)修飾的句子到底修飾的是哪個(gè)詞醫(yī)學(xué)

16、論文翻譯心得與技巧滕悅 20120100501020304提前閱讀中文文獻(xiàn)對(duì)該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行一定了解給專業(yè)單詞一個(gè)固定的翻譯善用翻譯軟件改換中英文的語(yǔ)序和邏輯基于理解的翻譯Click toadd titleClick toadd titleClick toadd titleClick toadd title1. 提前閱讀中文文獻(xiàn)對(duì)該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行一定了解百度百科文獻(xiàn)題目：Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemia中國(guó)知網(wǎng)、維基百科、google學(xué)術(shù)1. 提前閱讀中文文獻(xiàn)對(duì)該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行一定了解對(duì)可能遇到的癥狀、并發(fā)癥、研究手段、治療方法等有一定的了解明確專有名詞的翻

17、譯方法了解哪些詞不需要翻譯OS：Overall survival5年OS2. 給專業(yè)單詞一個(gè)固定的翻譯Acute myeloid leukemia（AML）：急性髓細(xì)胞性白血病急性髓細(xì)胞白血病急性髓性白血病Prognosis:3. 善用翻譯軟件單詞：金山、有道、歐路、靈格斯翻譯：百度、谷歌Google翻譯完你看不懂，然而你翻譯完別人也看不懂4. 改換中英文的語(yǔ)序和邏輯基于理解的翻譯Although pediatric AML occasionally presents in tandem with inherited syndromes that manifest in childhood,

18、children overall have fewer comorbidities and tolerate intensive therapy better than adults. Owing to these distinctions, this article will focus on AML in adults.In large part, though, the steady gains in long-term survival in AML have come from advances in SCT methods and also from a better understanding of which patients benefit from intensive SCT, which derived from greater insight into the pathogenesis of