工程流體力學詞匯英漢對照

1、工程流體力學詞匯英漢對照Aabsolute pressure絕對壓力acceleration加速度acceleration of gravity重力加速度acceleration of transport遷移加速度acoustic wave聲波adhesive forces粘滯力, 附著力adiabatic flow絕熱流動airfoil翼型angle of attack沖角angular velocity角速度apparent shear stresses表面剪切應(yīng)力apparent stresses表面應(yīng)力Archimedes law阿基米德定律atmospheric pressure大氣

2、壓axial-flow軸向流動Axisymmetric around cylinder no circulation ideal flow軸對稱繞圓柱體無環(huán)流理想流動Bback pressure背壓baroclinic fluid斜壓流體barometer氣壓計barotropic fluid正壓流體Bernoullis equation伯努利方程blade葉片body-force質(zhì)量力boundary condition邊界條件boundary layer邊界層，附面層boundary layer separation邊界層分離boundary layer thickness附面層厚度bul

3、k modulus體積模量bulk stress體積應(yīng)力bundle of streamline流束buoyant force浮力butter layer過渡層CCauchy-Reimam condition柯西黎曼條件center of pressure壓強中心coefficient系數(shù)coefficient of compressibility壓縮系數(shù)coefficient of eddy viscosity渦流粘性系數(shù)coefficient of viscosity粘度粘性系數(shù)cohesive forces粘附力combined boundary layer組合邊界層completely

4、 rough zone of turbulent pipe flow紊流粗糙管平方阻力區(qū)component velocity合速度compressibility壓縮性compressiblefluid可壓縮流體conservation equation of energy能量守恒方程conservation equation of mass質(zhì)量守恒方程conservation of mechanical energy機械能守恒conservation of moment of momentum動量矩守恒conservation of momentum動量守恒continuity連續(xù)性conti

5、nuum連續(xù)介質(zhì)continuum hypothesis連續(xù)介質(zhì)假設(shè)control surface控制面control volume控制體（積）convective acceleration遷移加速度convergent-divergent nozzle縮放噴嘴converging nozzle收縮噴嘴correction coefficient修正系數(shù)critical pressure臨界壓強critical Reynolds number臨界雷諾數(shù)critical speed of sound臨界聲速critical state臨界狀態(tài)cross section橫截面curvature r

6、adius曲率半徑curved shock曲面波cylindrical coordinate system柱坐標系Ddeformationvelocity變形速度density密度detachment脫體differential pressure差壓，壓差，壓力降dimensionless number無量綱數(shù)displacement thickness位移厚度distribution分布disturbance wave擾動波doublet偶極子drag coefficient阻力系數(shù)dynamic pressure動壓強dynamic similarity動力相似性dynamic visco

7、sity動力粘度Eeddy zone渦流區(qū)eddying flow渦(紊旋)流efficiency效率elastic wave彈性波elevation head位置水頭energy of turbulence湍能enthalpy焓entropy熵equation of continuity連續(xù)性方程equation of energy能量方程equation of moment of momentum動量矩方程equation of motion運動方程equation of state狀態(tài)方程equilibrium平衡Eulerian equation歐拉方程Euler method歐拉方法

8、Eulers formula歐拉公式Ffield場flow coefficient流量系數(shù)flow meter流量表，流量計flow net流網(wǎng)flow pattern流型fluctuating pressure脈動壓力fluctuatingstress脈動應(yīng)力fluid流體fluid dynamics流體動力學fluid field流場fluid machinery流體機械fluid mechanics流體力學fluid particle流體質(zhì)點fluid statics流體靜力學free surface自由表面friction coefficient摩擦系數(shù)friction drag摩擦阻

9、力frictionless fluid無粘性流體Ggasconstant氣體常數(shù)gasdynamics氣體動力學gaugepressure表壓力geometricpressure幾何壓力geometricsimilarity幾何相似gradual contraction漸縮gradual enlargement漸擴Hharmonicfunction調(diào)和函數(shù)headloss壓頭損失heat transfer傳熱Helmholtz equation亥姆霍茲方程heterogeneous fluid非均質(zhì)流體homogeneous fluid均質(zhì)流體horizontal force水平力horizo

10、ntal line水平線hydraulic diameter水力直徑hydraulically smooth zero of turbulent pipe flow紊流光滑管區(qū)hydrostatics流體靜力學hydrostatics force流體靜壓力hydrostatics stress流體靜應(yīng)力hypersonic flow高超音速流動 (m5)Iincompressible fluid不可壓縮流體inertial coordinate system慣性坐標系initial condition初始條件input輸入intensity of turbulence紊流（強）度interfa

11、ce分界面internal energy內(nèi)能internalfriction內(nèi)摩擦inviscidfluid無粘性流體irrotationalflow無旋流動irrotationalmotion無旋運動isentropicprocess定熵過程isotropic flow均質(zhì)流動isotropicfluid均質(zhì)流體KKarman qotex street卡門渦街kinematic energy動能kinematic moleculer theory分子運動論kinematic similarity運動相似性kinematicviscosity運動粘度Kutta-Joukowski theore

12、m庫塔儒可夫斯基定理LLagrange method拉格朗日方法Lagrangian viewpoint拉格朗日觀點laminar boundary layer層流邊界層laminar flow層流laminar sublayer層流底層Laplace operator拉普拉斯算子Laplaces equation拉普拉斯方程Laval nozzle拉伐爾噴管lift升力linear acceleration線性加速度linear velocity線速度liquid液體liquid fluid流體local acceleration當?shù)丶铀俣萂Mach angle馬赫角Mach cone馬赫錐

13、Mach number馬赫數(shù)mass質(zhì)量mass flowrate質(zhì)量流量material derivative隨體導數(shù)mean-time-average velocity時均速度mechanical energy機械能mercury水銀minorloss局部阻力mixing-lengththeory混合長理論moment of momentum動量矩momentum integral relation動量積分關(guān)系式momentum thickness動量厚度moody diagram莫迪圖move velocity平移速度multi-phase flow多相流流動NNavier-stokes

14、 equation納維斯托克斯（N-S）方程near wall region近壁區(qū)Neutons viscosity law牛頓粘性定律Newtonian fluid牛頓流體no sources and sinks無源無匯node節(jié)點non-steady flow非定常流動non-uniform非均勻流動nonviscous fluid非粘性流體normal direction法向normal line法線normal shock wave正激波normal stress法向應(yīng)力Ooblique shock斜激波one-dimensional compressible flow一維可壓縮流動o

15、ne-dimensional flow一維流動one order tensor一階張量open channel flow明渠流動open system開口系統(tǒng)order of magnitude量級orifice孔口orifice plate孔板output輸出Pparallel flow層流流動parameter參數(shù)particle path質(zhì)點軌跡path line跡線perfect gas理想氣體pipe flow管流Pitot-static tube皮托靜壓管Pitot tube皮托管plane flow平面流動plane jet平面射流point of inflextion拐點poi

16、nt of transition過渡點potentional energy勢能Potential flow勢流power功率Prandtl mixing length普朗特混合長度Prandtl number普朗特數(shù)pressure differential壓差pressure drag壓差阻力pressure field壓強場pressure force壓力pressure gage壓強計pressure gradient壓強梯度pressure head壓強水頭pressure wave壓力波Qquantum mechanics量子力學quasi-static process準靜態(tài)過程qu

17、asi-steady theory準定常理論Rradial velocity經(jīng)向速度ratio of specific heats比熱比real fluid粘性流體real gas真實氣體，實際氣體rectangular coordinate system直角坐標系reduced Navier-Stokes equation簡化納維斯托克斯方程Reynolds number雷諾數(shù)resonance共振Reynolds stress雷諾應(yīng)力rotation velocity旋轉(zhuǎn)速度rotational flow有旋流動rough-pipe zone of flow流動的光滑管區(qū)roughness

18、粗糙度Ssame mass flow均質(zhì)流secondary flow二次流流動separation point分離點sharp-crested weir尖頂堰shear stress剪切力shear deformation剪切變形shock wave激波similarity相似性sink匯siphon虹吸管skin(orwall) friction表面（或壁）摩擦（力）small perturbance小擾動sonic barrier聲障sonic flow聲速流動sound wave聲波source源specific force of gravity比重specific heat比熱spe

19、ed of sound聲速spherical coordinate system球坐標系Stokes viscosity law斯托克斯粘性定律stress tenser應(yīng)力張量stress應(yīng)力stagnation point駐點stagnation pressure駐點壓強stagnation temperature駐點溫度standard atmosphere標準大氣壓static pressure靜壓強steady flow定常流動strain rate tensor變形速度張量streamline流線stream function流函數(shù)streamline form流線形streamt

20、ube流管Strouhal number斯特勞哈爾數(shù)subcritical flow亞臨界流動subsonic flow亞聲速流動supercritical flow超臨界流動supersonic flow超聲速流動surface force表面力surface tension表面張力Ttemperature gradient溫度梯度tensor張量theory of similarity相似性理論thermalconductivity熱傳導率thermal field溫度場thin-plate orifice flowmeter薄孔板流量計total drag總阻力total flow總流量total pressure總壓強traction force拉力transformation轉(zhuǎn)換transonic flow跨音速流動transporttheorem輸運定理triangular weir三角堰turbo-machinery渦輪機械turbulent boundary layer湍流(紊流)邊界層turbulent energy湍流(紊流