高一英語《MUGrammarandusage》-精講版課件

1、Grammar and usageattributive clausesHarry Pottera boy with glassesa boy who is brave and wearing glassesa brave boyattributeWhat is the man?He is an astronaut. An astronaut is a person.He works and travels in space.An astronaut is a person . He works and travels in space.whoWho is the man?He is a he

2、ro astronaut. His name is Yang Liwei.He is a hero astronaut . His name is Yang Liwei.whoseHow did he come to space?He was sent into the sky by a space craft.Space craft is a vehicle.（運(yùn)載工具） It can travel in space.Space craft is a vehicle _ can travel in space.that / whichWhen did he come to space?He

3、came to space on Oct. 15 , 2003.It was the day _ he was sent into the sky.when Where does he work and live in space?space capsuleHe works and lives in a space capsule.It is a place _ an astronaut works and lives. whereattributive clause 定語從句定語從句（Attributive Clauses）1. 定義：2. 先行詞：定語從句（Attributive Clau

4、ses）1. 定義：又稱形容詞性從句，在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞，起定語作用。2. 先行詞：定語從句（Attributive Clauses）1. 定義：又稱形容詞性從句，在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞，起定語作用。2. 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。relative pronouns（關(guān)系代詞）: which, who, whom, that, whose在定語從句中作主語、賓語、定語和表語relative adverbs（關(guān)系副詞）: when, where, why在定語從句中作狀語relative words（關(guān)系詞）:引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞usage of the relative pron

5、ouns and the relative adverbs關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的使用which/ that 指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略)Space craft is a vehicle ( can travel in space).The space craft (that/ which you see on TV) is made in China. which /that who / that指人,在定語從句中作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）An astronaut is a person (who/that works and travels in space).The

6、astronaut (who/that Harry Potter met in space) is Yang Liwei . whom指人,在定語從句中作賓語 可省略，比who作賓語更正式The astronaut (whom Harry Potter met in space) is Yang Liwei . whose指人或物,作定語 (不可省略)He is the character of the book. His name is Harry Potter.He is the character of the book (whose name is Harry Potter).I ha

7、ve read the book (whose character I like very much).where 指代的是表地點(diǎn)的先行詞，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。 (1) This is the school _ I visited yesterday.which / that(2) This is the school _ I worked three years ago.whereI visited the school yesterday.I worked in the school three years ago.when 指代表示時間的先行詞， 在定語從句中作時間狀語（1）I ca

8、nt forget the days _ I stayed with you last summer.(2) I still remember the days _ I spent on the exams.when(which/ that)I stayed with you on the days last summer.I spent the days on the exams.why指代表原因的先行詞，在定語從句中作原因狀語Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？This is the

9、 reason _ he gave us?which / thatRead the article on P. 9 and underline the attributive clauses in it.Complete the article with relative pronouns on P.11.“that” is usually used in the following situations.I am sure she has nothing that you can borrow.Ive read every book that is borrowed from the lib

10、rary. (1) 先行詞為everything, nothing, anything, all, none, few, little, some 等不定代詞時。(2) 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, each, much, few, little等修飾時。Ive read all the books that are about this matter. This is the first book that he has read.This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.This is t

11、he very book that belongs to him.(3) 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。(4) 先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。(5) 如果有兩個定語從句，其中一個關(guān)系代詞已用，則另一個用thatThe teacher who teaches us physics is the man that is standing by the gate. (6) 當(dāng)先行詞為人與動物或者人與物時：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.(7)

12、當(dāng)句中已經(jīng)有who這個詞時，為避免重復(fù)：Who is the man that is talking to you?1.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_ awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears. (2002上海春) A.is B.areC.havebeen D.hasbeen2.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork? (2002上海春) A.heexplainedB.whatheexplained C.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained

13、高考鏈接 3. Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.（2006北京）A. who; 不填 B. who; 不填 C. who; who D. 不填; 不填4. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens

14、 of thousands of pounds.（2006江蘇）A. who B. that C. as D. which 5. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.（2006浙江）A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has servedAntecedentSubjectObjectPossessiveNotepersonswho/thatwhom/who/thatwhoseA relative pr

15、onoun can be omitted when it is used as the object in an attributive clausethingswhich/thatwhat/thatwhose/of whichRelative pronouns used in attributive clauses高考鏈接1. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. （2007全國）A. then B. there C. while D. where 2. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy. (2007北京) A. that B. which C. what D. whom高考鏈接3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _sight matters more than hearing. (2007天津) A. when B. whose C. which D. where 高考鏈接4. T