七(上)英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)

1、知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：1. 動(dòng)詞搭配： would like to do = want to do 想做某事 like to do/doing= enjoy doing 喜歡做某事 be keen on 熱衷于/be good at 擅長(zhǎng)于 sth. /doing sth. try (not) to do 設(shè)法；努力（不）做某事 go doing sth. (swimming/skiing/jogging) 去進(jìn)行活動(dòng)2. 適當(dāng)形式： My hobby is v-ing.= v-ing is my hobby. (單個(gè))動(dòng)名作主，謂三單 one of the 最高級(jí) n. (pl.) 范圍: one of

2、 the best swimmers in the world look (link. v) + adj. 看起來(lái)怎么樣3. 介詞搭配： at school在學(xué)校; in/with glasses戴著眼鏡; on the right/left在右/左面; at the beginning of在開始時(shí); at the end of在末尾; in the middle of 在中間; be friendly to 對(duì)友好; work as 擔(dān)任一、Wh -questions(特殊疑問(wèn)句): What-sb./sth./do; Where-place; When/What time-time Wh

3、o/Whom -sb.(主/賓); Whose-所屬s How(方式,方法,程度); How old-age How many/ much number (c.n. pl.) /price (u.n.) How long- (時(shí)間,物體)length; How far 距離; How often-頻率; 二、冠詞：a/an(不定冠詞); the (定冠詞) 1. an用于元音音素前 an honest boy ；a用于輔音音素前 a university student, a useful book 2. a/an(不定冠詞)表示泛指; the (定冠詞)表示特指 3. a/an有“一”的意思

4、 , 相當(dāng)于one 4. 不用冠詞和必須用冠詞情況：語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：1. 不用冠詞詞組： at school/work在校/在工作; at breakfast在吃早餐, go to bed上床睡覺(jué); by+交通工具bus/car, on foot, 但in the car/on this bike, have dinner /lunch 吃晚/午飯; 2. 介詞搭配： find out查出, the same as和相同(反義詞be different from), pick up(接載,撿起), except for除了之外, be late for遲到, work on忙于, a lady wi

5、th(有, 具有) white hair, in穿著 + green(顏色), on weekdays, at the weekend3. 省略介詞情況:on the/ones way to(接home, here, there時(shí)省略to, 類似:get to, walk to4. 同義轉(zhuǎn)換： walk home=go home on foot, 到達(dá)get to, arrive in/at, reach 穿著(put on動(dòng)作, wear狀態(tài), be in+顏色), 雙賓語(yǔ):make sth. for sb.= make sb. sth. give sb. sth.= give sth. t

6、o sb. 一兩個(gè)小時(shí)one or two hours=one hour or two知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：5. 不可數(shù)名詞用量詞表示數(shù)量(復(fù)數(shù)在量詞上體現(xiàn) )3 bottles of water 熟記常用不可數(shù)名詞: 物質(zhì)名詞, 液體, music, information, news6. 動(dòng)詞搭配： enjoy doing, continue/begin doing/to do開始做, It takes (sb.) sT to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人(時(shí)間)做某事知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、用法 1. 經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): always, usually/often, sometime

7、s(區(qū)別sometime, some time), seldom, never; every day/week, once/twice a week/year 提問(wèn)以上時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用how often 2. 自然現(xiàn)象、客觀真理 3. 主語(yǔ)的情況、信息二、 結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 陳述句： 非三單人稱：動(dòng)詞原形 三單人稱：原形+s (直接+ s; 輔音+y,改ies; +es; have改has） 詞尾s發(fā)音：清輔音后發(fā)s, 濁輔音/元音后發(fā)z, z/s后發(fā)iz 2. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+ do/does not + 動(dòng)詞原形 3. 疑問(wèn)句: Do/Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：處理，處置等候，等待顯

8、示，出示匆忙去/上船在另一邊戴手銬上/下(車)醒來(lái)熬夜生某人的氣考慮，思考摔倒獨(dú)自擔(dān)心howdeal with= whatdo with wait for (sb.)show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.hurry to/aboard, (be) in a hurryon the other side of in handcuffs get on (get off)wake upstay up late be/get angry with sb. think about fall over on ones own=by oneself=alone worry abou

9、t= be worried about1. 含介詞詞組:知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：15. sth. happened to sb.= take place16. in time on time按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)17. go to university無(wú)冠詞，泛指狀態(tài)18. in the future19. compare to20. right away= at once21. at the same time發(fā)生及時(shí)上大學(xué)在將來(lái)把與比較立刻，馬上同時(shí)2. see sb. doing sth. 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事(區(qū)別于see sb. do sth.看見(jiàn)全過(guò)程，已完成)3. be/look like (prep.)像

10、 喜歡v.4. as as 和一樣, 中間跟adj.和adv.原級(jí) as soon as possible盡快5. change ones mind(s)6. too many/much/+ c.n./ u.n much too+ adj.7. ought (not) to do.= should do sth. 應(yīng)該做某事8. eitheror 或者或者, 要么要么(選擇性) 連接并列成分, 連接兩并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)遵循靠近原則9. tell a lie說(shuō)謊 反義詞tell the truth10. tell/ask sb. (not) to do 告訴/請(qǐng)求某人(不)做某事11. 提建議句型:

11、 Why not do sth.= Why dont you do sth.? What/How about doing sth.? Lets do sth. Shall we/I do sth.?知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、用法：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)二、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（過(guò)去時(shí)間） yesterday (morning, the day before yesterday), last week/year, 一段時(shí)間+ago, in 1996，在when從句中與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。 They were talking loudly when the teacher came in.三、結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 陳述句：

12、所有動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式 be(was, were) 規(guī)則變化：+ed,輔音+y改ied, 雙寫輔+ed 不規(guī)則變化（熟記常用不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式） ed發(fā)音：清后發(fā)t, 濁、元后發(fā)d, td后發(fā)id 2. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+ did not (didnt) + 動(dòng)詞原形 3. 疑問(wèn)句: Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形?語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：1. 常用重點(diǎn)句型： 1) It is adj. (for sb.) to do sth. （對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)）做某事是怎樣的。 可替換句型：To do sth. is adj. (for sb.) 2) doing sth. is my hobby. 動(dòng)名詞(v-ing) 作主語(yǔ) 可替換句

13、型：My hobby is doing sth.2. notbut不是而是 連接兩并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)遵循靠近原則 as well as (除外)也，還 連接兩并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)靠前原則3. be able to do sth.能夠做某事=can/could do sth. need to do sth. 需要做某事4. 詞形變化 1)用于adj./adv.比較級(jí)前表示程度的副詞: much(得多), a lot, a little, even, far 2) billions of 數(shù)以億計(jì)的 區(qū)別于13 billion 3) make friends with sb. 和交朋友 4) get/bec

14、ome excited link v. + adj.5. the answer to the question 的答案 all over the world 全世界6. one/ones 可用于代替前文所出現(xiàn)的c.n. (pl.) 區(qū)別于it(同一事物）7. 例如：for example(句子), such as(詞、詞組)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一、when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候 1. when從句可放在主句前和后,當(dāng)位于主句之前時(shí), 句中要用逗 號(hào)隔開。 2. when 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài)要呼應(yīng)。 注意：從句中通常不用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。呼應(yīng)口訣:主將從現(xiàn)

15、; 主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn); 主過(guò)從過(guò); 主情態(tài)/祈使從現(xiàn)二、used to do sth. 過(guò)去常常做某事(暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣) 否定句：didnt use to do. 疑問(wèn)句：Did 主語(yǔ)use to do?語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：1. 近義結(jié)構(gòu)辨析： 1) people(人們,人群 集合名詞,無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)) human being(人類,有復(fù)數(shù)) 2) die of死于(死因), die out 滅絕 3) be famous for因而著名, be famous as作為而出名(稱號(hào),職業(yè)) 4) sb. be interested in對(duì)感興趣, sth. be interesting有趣的 5) 充滿: be f

16、ull of(狀態(tài)), be filled with(動(dòng)作) 6) 表示“用”prep. in+語(yǔ)言say it in English, with+工具write with a pen 7) 因?yàn)?because+從句because it rained, because of+ sth. because of the rain 8) look at看, look after照顧=take care of, look up查找, look over檢查 9) It takes sb. sT to do sth. sb. spends sM/sT on sth./ (in) doing sth.

17、costs sb. sM It costs sb. sM to do sth. 10) neithernor既不也不(否定性), eitheror或者或者(選擇性) (靠近原則) bothand(兩者都,即也) 復(fù)數(shù)人稱謂語(yǔ) 11) 也: too(肯定句末, 前有逗號(hào)), either(否定句末,前有逗號(hào)), also(居中,be/情態(tài)+ also; also+行為動(dòng)), as well(句末, 無(wú)逗號(hào)) 12) a number of一些,若干(謂復(fù)), the number of的數(shù)量(謂單)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：2. 含介詞詞組: at work在工作, dig(-dug) out挖掘出, acco

18、rding to根據(jù), around the world全世界(in the world, on the earth), be useful for對(duì)有用, Thank you for sth./doing sth.(回答Its my/a pleasure.), be afraid of害怕, far (away) from離遠(yuǎn), in shape/size/colour在形狀/尺寸/顏色方面changeinto使變成3. onethe other一個(gè)另一個(gè), someothers一些另一些知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：一、指示代詞this, that, these, those 1.2.由指示代詞構(gòu)成

19、的疑問(wèn)句, this/that用it回答,these/those用they回答3. that / those可以代替前面提到的名詞,以免重復(fù),this / these不可以4.在打電話時(shí),常用that 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方,用this 作自我介紹,代替you 和I 二、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞1.可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)的形式,也可以直接用數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量,可以與some, many, a/an, a lot of, a number of連用, 提問(wèn)數(shù)量用how many； 復(fù)數(shù)形式變化: 1)+s; 2)以o(piano, radio, photo+s), s(s), x, sh, ch結(jié)尾+es; 3)以f/fe結(jié)

20、尾變v+es; 4)特殊變化: man, woman, tooth, foot, child, goose; 5)單復(fù)數(shù)同形: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese2.可數(shù)名詞只有單數(shù)形式,不可以直接用數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量(表示數(shù)量用適當(dāng)?shù)牧吭~,復(fù)數(shù)體現(xiàn)在量詞上); 可以與some, much, a lot of, a great deal連用, 提問(wèn)數(shù)量用how much近遠(yuǎn)單thisthat復(fù)thesethose知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：1. 詞組： 接近晚上 看起來(lái)像/看起來(lái)怎么樣 希望做某事 在將來(lái) 迷路 生病 用光,用完 從現(xiàn)在起 實(shí)現(xiàn), 成真 洗澡towards eveninglo

21、ok like/lookhope to doin the futureget/be lostget sickrun out offrom now oncome truetake/have a bath2. 含介詞詞組： 在上著陸 在前面 代替 而不是 到達(dá) land on in front of instead of rather than get to知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：部分和平地破碎地在太空圍繞轉(zhuǎn)同意某人(的看法/意見(jiàn))在白天/在晚上part ofin peacein piecesin spacego aroundagree with sb./to do sth./on sth.in the day

22、time/at night3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測(cè): 肯定句: must一定,必定- may可能, 也許 -might 否定、疑問(wèn)句: can/cant一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、用法：表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(將來(lái)時(shí)間): tomorrow (morning, the day after tomorrow), next week/month, in + 一段時(shí)間, in 2012二、結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句： 1.will/shall(第一人稱I/We) +動(dòng)詞原形:純粹表示將要發(fā)生;年齡猜測(cè) 2. am/are/is going to +動(dòng)詞原形: 打算(按計(jì)劃/安排即將要發(fā)生)對(duì)有跡象即將發(fā)生的事情的預(yù)測(cè)(

23、天氣) 否定句: 1. wont/shant +動(dòng)詞原形. 2. am/are/is not going to +動(dòng)詞原形 疑問(wèn)句： 1. Will/Shall + 主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形? 2. Am/Are/Is + 主語(yǔ) + going to +動(dòng)詞原形?語(yǔ)法要點(diǎn)：1. 同義，近義，反義詞1) right away立刻, 馬上at once2) use sth. to do sth.用某物來(lái)做某事 used to do sth.過(guò)去常常做某事3) 睡覺(jué): fall asleep入睡(過(guò)程), be asleep睡著的(狀態(tài)), go to bed上床睡覺(jué)(動(dòng)作)4) get out of從出去,

24、 get into進(jìn)入5) be different from和不同, be the same as和相同6) tell the truth說(shuō)出真相, 說(shuō)實(shí)話, tell a lie說(shuō)謊7) What do you think of? 你認(rèn)為怎么樣? =How do you like?2. 介詞搭配:1) 在世紀(jì)的年代: in the 1990s (世紀(jì)比數(shù)字大1)2) on 30 October, 1938 (具體到某天用on)3)開某人的玩笑play jokes on sb. 4)公布, 廣播 put out 5)用的方法in a way 6)給某人提供某物provide sb. with sth . 7 )讓獨(dú)處leavealone 8)砸破,破壞break down 9) 實(shí)際上in fact 10)過(guò)著一種的生活live a life知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：3.名詞所有格 1)普通單數(shù)名詞在詞尾加s 2)詞尾已有-s的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只需在詞尾加“ ”