2022年全國乙卷高考英語試卷解析版

1、2022年全國乙卷高考英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有 兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分 7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選 出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每 段對話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15. 答案是C。（1.5 分）What does the man want to do?A.Have breakfast.

2、B.Take a walk.C.Call his office.【解答】M： Jenny, you can just drop me here.W ： But we are two streets away from the office.M： It s fine.I had a big breakfast and feel like a bit of walk.（1.5 分）What was George doing last night?A.Having a meeting.B.Flying home.C. Working on a project.【解答】W： Hello George

3、you look tired.Didn*t sleep well last night ?M： No, not at all!I had to work flat out to meet the project deadline.Now Im really feeling a bit run - down.（1.5 分）Why does the man suggest going to the park?A.Itz s big.B.It, s quiet.C.It, s new.【解答】 W： John, can we go some place and talk? Ifs so noisy

4、in here.M： Well, there is a small park across the street. Ifs usually not crowded at this time of day.（1.5 分）How does the woman sound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.【解答】W： We ve got to do something about the neighbors dog.M： Why ? Has he been into your flower garden again?W： The flower garden ， the g

5、arbage can and yesterday, he started digging holes in the yard.（1.5 分）Where is the man s table?A.Near the door.B.By the window.C.ln the comer.【解答】M ： Hello !We have a reservation in the name of Mr.Jones.Is there any table by the window?W： Sorry! We ve got this comer table fbr you.It s quiet here not

6、 close to the door.第二節(jié)（共15題；每題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后 有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你 將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段 對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。（3分）聽第6段材料，回答第（1）、（2）題。What are the speakers going to do tonight?A.Eat out.B.Go shopping.C.Do sports.What is the probable relationship between the

7、speakers?A.Boss and secretary.B.Hostess and guest.C.Husband and wife.【解答】W： Dave don t forget we are invited out to dinner tonight!M： Oh, yeah.I almost forgot .What time ?W ： Seven thirty.We should leave the house by six thirty.You know how bad the traffic is that time of night.M： It s informal , is

8、nz t it?W ： Yeah.you can wear your new sports jacket, the one I got you as an anniversary gift.M： Okay, well!I forgot to go.Fil try to get home a little earlier todayW： Good.(3分)聽第7段材料，回答第(1)、(2)題。Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?A.Their business is slow.B.The weather is favora

9、ble.C.It s easy to hire people.How will they handle the moving?A.Finish it all at once.B.Have the sales section go first.C.Do one department at a time.解答 M： We need to decide exactly when were going to move.Any suggestions?W ： I think July would be the best time.Our sales are always down that month.

10、We could move all the office equipment at the weekend.Do everything at once .M： I think the weekends too short.Maybe we should do it department by department.W ： What do you mean ?M： Well, each week a different department would move.That way there would always be people here to handle customer incre

11、ase, phone calls and so on.W： En, thats a good idea.(4.5分)聽第8段材料，回答第(1)至(3)題。What did Peter learn from his grandfather?A.How to appreciate art works.B.How to deal with artists.C.How to run a museum.What did Peter do in Chicago?A.He studied at a college.B.He served in the army.C.He worked in a galler

12、y.Whose works did Peter like best?A.Rembrandfs.B.Botticellis.C.Rubens,.解答1 ,W： So, Mr.Peter Cells.Td be curious to know what were the early connections in your life thatlead you into the art field.M： My grandfother was an art dealer in Munich.They had a great museum in Munich.he took me to the museu

13、m and I responded very strongly to what I saw on the walls there.I learned about art from him.l learned about looking at art from him.l think thats what really got me started.Then many years later after I got out of the army I went to study art history at the University of Chicago.W： Tell us more ab

14、out your experiences of looking at arts with your grandfather .M： Well we looked at the famous paintings by the great artists like Rembrand Kirchner and Alberto Burri .Rubers paintings were my favorites.Yes I remember these things .This was when I was between ten and fifteen.When I was fourteen, I w

15、as so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the alps to see Venice .That, was a big adventure.(6分)聽第9段材料，回答第(I)至(4)題。Where does the conversation take place?A.At a library.B.ln a law firm.C.On a train.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?A.March.B.August.C

16、. October.Why did John quit his part - time job?A.He had to catch up with his study.B.He was offered a better one.C.He got tired of it.What is Susan s attitude to John s problem?A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.【解答】W： Hi, John, haven t seen you fbr ages!M： Hi, Susan.Fancy meeting you here on t

17、he train!W： How is your college life ?M： What can I say? I have survived!W： What happened?M： WelL early last march ， I started doing a part time job in a law firm.A few weeks before, I had started writing my term paper.I thought I could finish it by August.W ： That was a pretty good idea trying to h

18、ave some work experience.M： For the first three weeks, you know, I tried.I got up early and worked fbr an hour on my paper before going to work. But work was so fun .1 met tons of new people and soon I could find even a minute fbr my paper , so I had to quit my part time job and finally finished my

19、paper in October.W： WelL it s never too late to mend .It s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do and what you want to do.M： Yeah, it s really important fbr me to balance study and work .And I think I should learn to exercise some self - control.(6分)聽第10段材料，回答第(1)至(4)題。What did t

20、he speaker do before the year 2012?A.A fitness coach.B.A chess player.C.A marathon runner.Why was the 2016 Olympics important fbr the speaker?A.He was motivated by Bolt.B.He broke a world record.C.He won fifth place.Which is the hardest for the speaker?A.Getting over an injury.B.Doing strength train

21、ing.C.Representing Botswana.What is the speaker mainly talking about?A.His plan to go fbr the gold.B.His experience on the track.C.His love fbr his home country.【解答】Being an athlete is very fiin, painful and exciting .Every time I come to the track, I feel like Im out of this place.This is Barcelona

22、 National Stadium.This is where I train. When 1 saw Usain Bolt running in the 2012 London Olympics, I was amazed Just watching him run got me motivated.! quitted being a chess player and started to run.I went to the 2016 Olympics and went to the finals at the age of eighteen, and wow I finished fift

23、h.lt was a dream come true to me.But I still wanted more.The training is super hard, but the hardest part fbr me is that I got an injury the Injury which may take me out fbr years.For a period of time, as a young athlete, I did not know what to do.I lost focus .But now Im back on the track.I really

24、want to be there at the Olympics and do what I did before, do much, much greater .1 dont care about the gold .1 dont care about the silver.I want to do my best.You know, take everything and show it to the world.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40）第一節(jié)（共15題；每題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下 列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（6 分）AHenry Raebu

25、rn （ 1756 - 1823）The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland*s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London.Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lec

26、ture SeriesScottish National Portrait （肖像畫） Gallery presents a series of lectures fbr the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room.Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnRaeburns English ContemporariesSunday 26 Oct., 15.00Thursday 30 Oct.， 13.10DUNCAN THOMSONJUDY EGERTONChar

27、acters and Characterisation inRaeburn and Artisfs Training in theRaeburns Portraits18th CenturyThursday 6 Nov., 13.10Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONMARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday - Saturday 10.00 - 17.45 Sunday 12.00 - 17.45Last admission to the exhibition： 17.15.There is no re - adm

28、ission.Closed： 24 - 26 December and 1 JanuaryAdmission4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full - time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised grou

29、ps with teachers.What is the right time fbr attending Raeburns English Contemporaries? BA.Sun.26 Oct.B.Thurs.30 Oct.C.Thurs.6 Nov.D.Thurs. 13 Nov.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission? B6.How can full - time students get group discounts? CA.They should go on Su

30、nday mornings.B.They should come from art schools.C.They must be led by teachers.D.They must have ID cards with them.【解答】（1） B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格 Raeburns English Contemporaries 部分 Thursday 30 Oct. （10月30日星期四）。可知參加雷伯恩的英國當(dāng)代人的時(shí)間是10月30日星期 四。故選B。（2 ）B.數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù) Admission 部分4.Children under 12 years accompanied b

31、y an adult are admitted free. （4o 12歲以下兒童在一位成人陪同下免費(fèi)入場。）可知，一對夫婦 應(yīng)付4+4=8英鎊，兩個(gè)12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費(fèi)，即入場費(fèi)總共為8英鎊。 故選B。（3 ）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段 A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full - time education, up to and including those at first degree level in organised groups with teachers

32、.（所有接受全日制教育的學(xué)生（包括學(xué)士學(xué)位學(xué)生）都可以參加有組 織的有老師的團(tuán)體，收取每人2英鎊的特別低入學(xué)費(fèi)用。）可知，全日制學(xué)生要獲得團(tuán)體 折扣必須由老師領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。故選C。（8 分）BIn 1916, two girls of wealthy families best friends from Auburn, N.Y. - Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood - traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one - room schoolhouse.The girls

33、 had gone to Smith College.They wore expensive clothes.So fbr them to move to Elkhead, Colo.to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted ： The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Doroth

34、y Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff s granddaughter.Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful.Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and* like them* had little privacy, rare baths, and a blan

35、ket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the moming.Some mornings , Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold.In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism

36、 which of course influenced the girls* decision to go to Elkhead.A hair - raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牽涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy s return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyte

37、ller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism (堅(jiān)忍)of the people move her to some beautiful writing.Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff on her horse, looking down from a hill top： When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them.Then a full moon rose.The snow was marked

38、only by small animals： fbxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares which turned white in the winter.*Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? AA.To teach in a school.B.To study American history.C.To write a book.D.To do sightseeing.What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? DA.Th

39、ey enjoyed much respect.B.They had a room with a bathtub.C.They lived with the local kids.D.They suffered severe hardships.Which part of Wickenden writing is hair - raising? CA.The extreme climate of Auburn.B.The living conditions in Elkhead.C.The railroad building in the Rockies.D.The natural beaut

40、y of the West.What is the text?BA.A news report.B.A book review.C.A children s story.D.A diary entry.【解答】(1) A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段 In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y. - Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood - traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a

41、one - room schoolhouse. （ 1916 年,來自紐約奧本市的 兩個(gè)富裕家庭的女孩-Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood -來到落基山 脈的一個(gè)定居點(diǎn)，在一間只有一個(gè)房間的學(xué)校教書。）可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落 基山脈是為了在學(xué)校里教書。故選A。D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段 They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths and a blanket of snow on their q

42、uilt when they woke up in the morning.（他們搬至了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)家庭，哈里森一家，和他們一樣，幾乎沒有隱私， 很少洗澡，早上醒來時(shí)被子上有一層雪。）以及In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.（在春天，雪被泥覆蓋在冰上。）可知，從第三段中我們可以了解到女孩們的生活條 件非常艱苦，她們飽受磨難。故選D。） C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 A hair - raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drill

43、ing through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.（令人 毛骨悚然的一段與鐵路建設(shè)有關(guān)，這需要在令人眩目的暴風(fēng)雪中鉆穿落基山脈。）可知， Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脈的鐵路建設(shè)這一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故選C。B.文章類型題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.（這本書以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奧本結(jié)束。）以及最后一段Wickenden is a very good storyteller.The sweep of th

44、e land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing. （ Wickenden是個(gè)很好的講故事的人。大地的遼闊和人們的堅(jiān)忍使她創(chuàng) 作出了一些美麗的作品。）可知，本文簡要介紹了 Wickenden的書籍內(nèi)容，并對其進(jìn)行了 評價(jià)，所以是一篇書評。A.A news report 新聞報(bào)道；B.A book review 書評；C.A children story兒童故事；D.A diary entry日記條目。故選B。（8 分）CCan a small group of drones （無人機(jī)）guarant

45、ee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today s eyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure （基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施） worldwide ar

46、e safe fbr trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high - tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regul

47、arly they can be inspected , the more railway safety , reliability and on - time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效)across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.lt is calcula

48、ted that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts.By using the latest

49、 technologies, drones could also start providing higher - value services fbr railways , detecting faults in the rail or switches , before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks, drones fbr rail dont need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept： the rail dr

50、ones of the fiiture.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train， and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co - pilot.With their ability to see ahead they could signal any problem, so that fast -

51、moving trains would be able to react in time.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.B.Dronesr ability to work at high altitudes.C.The reduction of cost in designing drones.D.Drones reliable performance in remote areas.What does m

52、aintenance* underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? C A.Personnel safety.B.Assistance from drones.C.Inspection and repair.Construction of infrastructure.What function is expected of the rail drones? B A.To provide early warning.B.To make trains run automatically.C.To earn profits for the crews.D.To acce

53、lerate transportation.Which is the most suitable title for the text? DA.What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesB.How Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedC.What Difficulty Drone Development Will FaceD.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways【解答】（1） A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 Drones are already being used to

54、examine high - tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.（無人機(jī)已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查 鐵路線路和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點(diǎn)的正確位置。）可知使無 人機(jī)應(yīng)用于鐵路線路

55、成為可能的原因是無人機(jī)檢查電力線路的使用。故選Ao（2 ） C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文 It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.（據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，僅歐洲鐵路公司每年 在鐵路維護(hù)上的花費(fèi)就約為200億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和

56、維修 鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）”可知花在maintenance上的費(fèi)用是用于inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。），maintain指的是“檢查和維修”。A.Personnel safety 人員安全；B.Assistance from drones 無人機(jī)的協(xié)助；C.Inspection and repair 檢查和 維修；D.Construction of infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。故選 CoB.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一S Engineers are now working on a new concept：

57、 the rail drones of the fiiture.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously （工程師們現(xiàn)在正在研究一個(gè)新概念：未來的鐵路無人機(jī)。它們將在列 車前方的軌道上運(yùn)行，并被設(shè)定為自動(dòng)運(yùn)行。）可知鐵路無人機(jī)的預(yù)期功能是使列車自動(dòng) 運(yùn)行。故選B。D.標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)用今天的“空中之眼”的技術(shù)，無人機(jī)能在保證鐵 路安全可靠的同時(shí)又能幫助鐵路運(yùn)營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元，無人機(jī)將改變鐵路的未來。 可知文章主要講述了無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的未來

58、，所以D項(xiàng)”無人機(jī)將如何改變鐵路的 未來。”符合文章中心思想，適合作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。（8 分）The Governments sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containi

59、ng more than 5 g of sugar per 100 ml was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （月巴胖）.It is believed that todays children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520 m a yea

60、r for the Treasury.However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate 240 m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar level