外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選修六Module-Cloning(全國一等獎(jiǎng))

1、外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選修六Module-Cloning(全國一等獎(jiǎng))外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選修六Module-Cloning(全國一等獎(jiǎng)) insist, order / command, suggest / advise / propose / recommend, desire / demand / require / request / askshould do ! should do ! should do ! 二. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 insist, should do ! 二二. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣用在表示建議、愿望、命令等詞后的賓語從句中。常見的動(dòng)詞有： suggest, propose, r

2、ecommend, demand, request, require, command, order, insist, desire, urge等。一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist(堅(jiān)決要求) 兩個(gè)命令：order; command 三個(gè)建議：suggest, advise, propose 四個(gè)要求：demand, require, request, desire這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法即從句中的動(dòng)詞 使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，shoul可省略。 賓語從句二. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣用在表示建議、愿望、命令等詞后的我們建議Tom 去休息一下。他堅(jiān)持要我與他同行。他們要求派Tom去

3、那兒工作。老師要求作業(yè)要及時(shí)完成。We suggested _ .He insisted _ .They requested (that) Tom _ .(that) Tom have a rest(that) I (should ) go with him(should) be sent to work thereThe teacher asked (that) our homework _ .(should) be finished in time我們建議Tom 去休息一下。We suggested _2. 這些動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句也用should doIt is suggested t

4、hat we (should) practise reading English everyday.The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.The teacher give us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.2. 這些動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞性從句也用should doIt is ordered / commanded / suggested / advised /

5、 requested / required / demanded that (should) doThe / ones insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that (should) doa / the suggestion / request (等) that (should) do It is ordered / commanded / suI suggest that

6、 we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建議” 或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)”，即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。1The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2He insisted that she _(be) seriously ill and that _(send) to hospitals at o

7、nce.3He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4His pale face suggested that he _(be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewasI suggest that we (should) hol例(2010福建，29)Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Anot allow Bdo not allowCmustnt allow Dcouldnt all

8、ow解析：考查虛擬語氣。recommend后的賓語從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”，因此A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A例(2010福建，29)Teachers recommeIts suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once .The old womans demand is that her son (should) come to see her once a week.We are in favor of the advice that the factory (should) be closed down.Its sug

9、gested that the plan (在“It is / was + 某些形容詞/過去分詞+ that從句”句型中,that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣,即“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”,表示驚奇、遺憾、懷疑、不滿等。這些形容詞有:important, necessary, essential, natural, strange, advisable, desirable, possible, probable,astonishing, surprising; 過去分詞有:desired, suggested, requested, recommended, ordered, propo

10、sed, decided等。3、主語從句中的虛擬語氣It 做主后有形， 奇怪重要自然行 在“It is / was + 某些形容詞/過去分詞+ It is demanded that we should work out a plan.It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.有人建議會(huì)議應(yīng)推遲到下周。It is strange that he (should) have acted towards his parents like that.他那樣對(duì)待自己的父母很奇怪。Its a pity that

11、 you (should) miss a good chance.It is demanded that we should 我們有必要出去散散步。 Its necessary that we should have a walk now.她這樣做是很自然的。 Its natural that she should do so. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。 Its important that we should take good care of the patient. 她竟然沒有被邀請(qǐng),真是奇怪。It is strange that she shouldnt have been invi

12、ted. 我們有必要出去散散步。 注意：以下句式也可以用于陳述語氣。很奇怪他昨天沒來。 Its strange that he didnt come yesterday.很可惜你沒有跳舞。Its a pity that you didnt dance.注意：以下句式也可以用于陳述語氣。3. wish 的賓語從句wish 的賓語從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反: 一般過去時(shí)( be 用were )與過去事實(shí)相反: 過去完成時(shí)與將來事實(shí)相反: would/could /might+ V.原 3. wish 的賓語從句wish 的賓語從句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反I wish I _ (be) as tall as Yao

13、Ming.wereI wish I _ (be) as tall asI wish/wished I _ (have not) eaten so much watermelon.hadntI wish/wished I _ (have nI wish it _ ( will ) rain tomorrow. If so, I can stay at home to have a good sleep.wouldI wish it _ ( will ) rainHe wishes he _ ( become ) a scientist some day.could / would become

14、He wishes he _我希望和你一樣高。 I wish I were as tall as you.他希望他沒講那樣的話。He wished he hadnt said that. 我希望明天下雨就好了。I wish it would rain tomorrow. wish to do wish sb. / sth. to doI wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informe

15、d at once.我希望和你一樣高。三. 虛擬語氣特殊句型與固定句式:1 would rather (that) 寧愿，但愿 sb did 與現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r相反sb had done 與過去情況相反I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather we hadnt told her the bad news.I would rather you came tomorrow.三. 虛擬語氣特殊句型與固定句式:1 would rat2. as if / as though思考：as if / as though 后面的句子是主

16、句還是從句？2. as if / as though思考：He behaves as if he _ (own) the house.owned1). 從句的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生 (可以理解成與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)He behaves as if he _ (be) the owner of the house.wereHe behaves as if he _ (She talked about Rome as though she _ (be) there herself.had been2). 從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前 (可以理解成與過去事實(shí)相反)She talked about Rom

17、e as thougHe coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽兩聲就好像有人要來了。3). 從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后 (可以理解成與將來事實(shí)相反)He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if soShe loves the baby as if it _ her own son.It seems as if it _ spring.I remember the whole thing as if it _ yesterday.They talked as if they _ friends for years.He lo

18、oks as if he _ drunk.werewere had happened had beenwereShe loves the baby as if it _ 在look, seem等系動(dòng)詞后的“as if / though”引導(dǎo)的從句，當(dāng)表示真實(shí)情況時(shí)，用陳述語氣；否則就用虛擬語氣。It seems as if it were already spring. 好像已經(jīng)是春天了。(虛擬語氣)It seems as if they know each other. 他們好像彼此認(rèn)識(shí)。(真實(shí)情況) 在look, seem等系動(dòng)詞后的“as if / 3. It is (high / ab

19、out ) time (that) “是時(shí)候. (做某事)” 注意: should不能省略 sb. did sb. should do3. It is (high / about ) time 是時(shí)候采取措施來保護(hù)環(huán)境了。It is ( high / about ) time that we took / should take measures to protect the environment.你該走了。Its (high / about) time that you went / should go.是時(shí)候采取措施來保護(hù)環(huán)境了。例：Its high time the governmen

20、t _ measures to help the graduates.Atakes BtookCwill take Dhas taken解析：考查虛擬語氣。句式It be (about/high) time接從句時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式。答案：B例：Its high time the governmen4. 在表達(dá)驚異、惋惜、遺憾、理應(yīng)如此等意義的固定句式中常使用虛擬語氣 Its necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理應(yīng)此的) / important + that sb. (should) do4. 在表達(dá)驚異、惋惜、遺憾、理應(yīng)如此等意義的

21、固定句式中常使1). It is important that we _ ( master ) a foreign language.2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒絕來參加party。 Its _ that she _ to cometo the party.3). 鳥在樹上安歇 / 休息是很自然的。 It is _ that a bird _ in trees. ( should ) master(should) refusestrangenatural(should) rest1). It is important that we _3、 If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是該有多好啊) If o

22、nly I were a flying bird!要是我是一只飛鳥多好！Look at the trouble I am in. If only I had followed your advice!看看現(xiàn)在我的困境，要是我接受你的建議就好了If only I knew the answer!If only I had seen the film yesterday!與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反: 一般過去時(shí)( be 用were )與過去事實(shí)相反: 過去完成時(shí)If only3、 If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是該有多好啊) 例(2010東北三校聯(lián)考)Why do you look so upset?I b

23、roke up with my girlfriend. If only I _ more about her.Acare BcaredChad cared Dhad been cared解析：考查虛擬語氣。if only表示“要是就好了”，后面的句子要用虛擬語氣。表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用had done的形式。答案：C例(2010東北三校聯(lián)考)Why do you loo5. even if ( even though)即使；盡管Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.Even if I had been busy

24、 then, I would have helped you.5. even if ( even though)即使；盡管6 in case, for fear that, lest等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣在in case, for fear that, lest等引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞用“should +動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，也可用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在式或一般過去式。He handled the instrument with care for fear that it should be damaged. 他小心地拿著儀器,生怕把它摔碎了。6 in case, for fear that

25、, le總結(jié) wish, would rather, as if / as though, if only 表虛擬時(shí)的共同點(diǎn)是：時(shí)態(tài)往后退一步，同if虛擬條件句總結(jié) wish, would rather, as if /四. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示虛擬 1 本想/打算做某事卻沒做 2 本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒做 3 本不該做某事卻做了 4 本能夠做某事卻沒做 5 寧愿過去做了某事卻沒做 6 最好過去做了某事卻沒做 7 本不必做某事卻做了 would have done should/ought to have done shouldnt/oughtnt to have done could have done

26、would rather have done had better have done neednt have done must have done might have donecant/ couldnt have done過去肯定發(fā)生了過去可能發(fā)生了過去不可能發(fā)生四. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示虛擬 1 本想/打算做某事卻沒做 wo五. 可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況1. insist, suggest2. as if / though3. if五. 可用可不用虛擬語氣的情況1. insist, sugginsist / suggest 各有兩種意思，用不同的語氣insist : “堅(jiān)決/持要求”用虛擬語氣

27、,即 should do;insist : “堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為, 堅(jiān)持說”用陳述語氣suggest : “建議”用虛擬語氣，即should do;suggest : “表明、暗示”用陳述語氣insist / suggest 各有兩種意思，用不同的語氣1. The teacher suggested that we _ (practise) more after class. 2. Her pale face suggests that she _ (be) ill today. 3. He insisted that all of us _ (get) there on time by any mea

28、ns. 4. He insisted that he _ (not steal) the diamond, and that he should be set free. 他堅(jiān)持說他沒偷鉆石，應(yīng)該立刻被釋放。(should) practiseis(should) gethadnt stolen1. The teacher suggested that as if / as thoughWhenapencilispartlyinaglassof water, itlooksasifit were broken. The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as

29、 if it is going to rain. as if / as thoughIf 引導(dǎo)的條件句a. if真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用陳述語氣。b. if虛擬條件句 表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的, 采用虛擬語氣。If 引導(dǎo)的條件句a. if真實(shí)條件句 表示條件是真的或有可Exercise Exercise 判斷是否虛擬2. 判斷虛擬類型3. 判斷虛擬時(shí)間Pass!虛擬語氣應(yīng)試對(duì)策判斷是否虛擬2. 判斷虛擬類型3. 判斷虛擬時(shí)間Pass!虛A A C C C C B B A A B B B B B B C C A 返回A 返回Choose the best answ

30、er:1It is strange that the little boy _ speak two foreign languages. A could B can C should D would He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30 pm. A be finished B will finish C must be finished3 He _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A might have given B might give C may have given4

31、 Without the leadership of the Party, there _ no New China. A would be B has been C should be D wasCAAAChoose the best answer:CAAA5 He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A had been B has beenC was D has gone6 The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.A did; set B had d

32、one; should be setC should do; be set D had done; must be set7 Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now.A are B were C would beD would have been8 You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A would B should have C may D have BBCA5 He is talking so much abou1 （2010高考英語江蘇卷）George is going

33、 to talk aboutthe geography of his country, but Id rather he_more on its culture.A focus B focused C would focus D had focused【答案】B【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。would rather后應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間相反，用動(dòng)詞的過去式。1 （2010高考英語江蘇卷）George is goi2 （2010高考英語上海卷）-Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, yo

34、u have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A must B mustnt C should D shouldnt【答案】C【解析】本題考查的是虛擬語氣。此處表示和過去事實(shí)相反的情況，應(yīng)該用should + have + 過去分詞。本來應(yīng)該做，而未做。2 （2010高考英語上海卷）-Sorry, Pro3.（2010高考英語浙江卷）Had I known about thiscomputer program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been savedBhad been sav

35、ed Cwill be savedDwas saved【答案】 A【解析】 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy . 故選擇A。3.（2010高考英語浙江卷）Had I known abo4 （2010高考英語天津卷）John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A should tell B tells C told D had told 【答案】D 【解析】

36、主從句都是對(duì)過去發(fā)生事實(shí)的一種意愿表達(dá)，從句采用have done的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。4 （2010高考英語天津卷）John went to 5 （2010高考英語陜西卷）If we _ the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A take B had taken C took D have taken【答案】B【解析】主句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式might have arrived可知題干是與過去事實(shí)相反選B。5 （2010高考英語陜西卷）If we _ the6 （2010高考英語湖南卷）If he my ad

37、vice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A followed B should follow C had followed D would follow【答案】C6 （2010高考英語湖南卷）If he 7 （2010高考英語北京卷）-The weather has been very hot and dry.-Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _.A wouldnt die B didnt dieC hadnt died D

38、 wouldnt have died【答案】 D【解析】表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故主句用would/could/might/should + have done，即D項(xiàng)正確。7 （2010高考英語北京卷）-The weather 1 (2011北京) Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A studiedB would studyC had studied D was studying【答案與解析】C句意：如果我當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)的理科而不是文科，那么我現(xiàn)在就可以給你更多的幫

39、助了。根據(jù)then一詞可以確定此處表示與過去事實(shí)相反，if引導(dǎo)的從句用had +過去分詞。1 (2011北京) Maybe if I 2 (2011陜西) I through that bitter period without your generous help.A couldnt have goneB didnt goC wouldnt go D hadnt gone【答案與解析】A句意：如果沒有你的慷慨相助的話，我不可能熬過那段艱苦的日子。without your generous help相當(dāng)于含蓄條件句if it hadnt been for your generous help，

40、此處表示與過去事實(shí)相反，所以主句部分應(yīng)采用couldnt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本不可能”。2 (2011陜西) I through 3 (2011福建)-Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.-I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A attended B had attended C would attend D would have attended【答案與解析】D句意：“很可惜,你錯(cuò)過了這次有關(guān)核污染的演講?！薄拔冶緛硪獏⒓?，但忙于準(zhǔn)備工作面試?！备鶕?jù)b

41、ut后面的內(nèi)容可知，設(shè)空處為與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，用would have done。3 (2011福建)-Pity you missed t4 (2011北京) Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they always late.A werent B hadnt beenC wouldnt be D wouldnt have been【答案與解析】A句意：“孩子們都到哪里去了?這頓飯就要被他們徹底破壞了。”“我希望他們不要總是遲到?！北绢}考查虛擬語氣。wish后跟that從句采用

42、虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的用一般過去時(shí)，與過去事實(shí)相反的用過去完成時(shí)。本題表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，所以用一般過去時(shí)。4 (2011北京) Where are the chi5 (2011江西) We Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A will put B will have putC would put D would have put【答案與解析】D句意：要不是John最近受了傷，我們昨天就把他的名字加到比賽名單上了。根據(jù)題干所提供的信息可知，設(shè)空處為與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，故謂語動(dòng)詞用“wou

43、ld / should / could /might + have +過去分詞”。5 (2011江西) We Johns 【2012江西卷】22We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay notBneedntCcantDmustnt 答案：B考點(diǎn)：考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法解析：may not不可以，neednt不需要，cant不可能， mustnt絕不可能。本句句意為：既然Suzie不和我們一起吃晚飯，所以我們就不需要買這么多食物?！?012江西卷】22We have bou【2012重慶卷】2

44、5 -_you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?-Sorry Sir, but its urgent.A Can B Should C Must D Would【考點(diǎn)】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法【答案】 C【解析】句意：“-你現(xiàn)在一定要打斷我嗎？難道你不能看到我在打電話嗎？-對(duì)不起，先生，事情很急。”根據(jù)語境結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的詞義，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。【難度】一般【2012重慶卷】25 -_you interru【2012四川卷】9 I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and

45、I said “Ni Hao” just as I _ do in China.A must B might C can D should 【答案與解析】 B 本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：我靠他們足夠的近以聽見他們說漢語，而且我會(huì)像我在中國可能做的那樣說“你好”。might表示“可能”。故選B?！?012四川卷】9 I got close enoug【2012全國II】17 Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.A can B might C would D need【答案】A【解析】此處考查了can的本意“能”，表示“能力”。句意：我要和John一起去歐洲度假，如果我能找到錢?！究键c(diǎn)定位】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法?！?012全國II】17 Im going to Eu【2012全國新課程】30 I use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A couldnt B mustntC shouldnt D neednt【答案】D【解析】此處考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，neednt+動(dòng)詞原形表示：沒有必要做某事。句意：我沒有必要用鬧鐘喚醒我，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟?點(diǎn)火車都經(jīng)過我