四級(jí)翻譯考點(diǎn)

1、四級(jí)翻譯考點(diǎn)一、固定搭配1.have difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困難2.look forward to doing sth 期望做某事3.ensure sb to do 確保某人做某事4.keep/catch up with 趕上、追上5.be (more) likely to (更)可能6.be related to 與相關(guān)7.lack of sth 缺乏be concerned about 關(guān)心decide to do = make up ones mind to do 打算做某事focus on= concentrate on 集中留意力thanks to=

2、due to 多虧be measured by 用來(lái)衡量的make sacrifice 作出犧牲take sth into account/consideration 將考慮在內(nèi)adapt to 適應(yīng)have a lot in common 有很多共同之處let alone to do= not to mention do 更不用說(shuō)做某事18.realise = be conscious/aware of 意識(shí)到 19 pared to/with 與相比20.make comment on 評(píng)論例：1.Because of noise outside,Nancy had great diffi

3、culty (in) focusing on the experiment.(集中留意力在試驗(yàn)上)The finding of this study failed to take peoples sleeping quality into consideration/account. (將人們的睡眠質(zhì)量考慮在內(nèi)).The more exercise you take, the less likely you are to catch a cold. (你越不大可能感冒)二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例：1.The significant museum is said to have been built據(jù)說(shuō)建成

4、于 about a hundred years ago.考點(diǎn)解釋此題重點(diǎn)考察：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)museum 與動(dòng)詞 build 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系； 且 bulid 這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。據(jù)說(shuō) be said to；be said to+動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)，表示不定式表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。2. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measuredby how much they can borrow 是( 用他們能夠借到多少來(lái)衡量的)，not howmuch they can earn.三、倒裝句重復(fù)倒裝句型，用在以 s

5、o, nor, neither 開頭，表示謂語(yǔ)所述的狀況也適用于另一個(gè)人或一事物確實(shí)定或否認(rèn)句中。so 用于確定句，表示“也一樣”、“也這樣”；nor, neither 用于否認(rèn)句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣”。在以 never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom 等否認(rèn)副詞開頭的句子中，承受局部倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。用于以 only 所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句的句子中。as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要倒裝形容詞/ 副詞/ 名詞/ 動(dòng)詞 + as + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)。例：1. The manager never laughed;neit

6、her had she lost her temper. (她也從來(lái)沒有發(fā)過脾氣)。2.Not until he had finished/completed the mission 直( he realize that he was seriously ill.到他完成使命) did四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣三種根本形態(tài)表虛擬的時(shí)間 if 從句謂語(yǔ)形式 主句謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在： did / were would (should, might, could)+do過 去 ： haddone/hadbeenwould(should/might/could)+have done(been)將來(lái)： were to/ s

7、hould+do would (should, might, could)+do英語(yǔ)中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist( 堅(jiān)決要求) ,order, propose, request, suggest(建議) 表示懇求、要求、命令或建議等意義的動(dòng)詞所接的賓語(yǔ)從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣的構(gòu)造為：(should) + 原形動(dòng)詞。例：1. It is suggested that the air conditioner (should) be installed by the window.(要安裝在窗戶旁邊)You would not

8、 have failed if you had followed my orders.( 依據(jù)我的指令去做)Youd better take a sweater with youin case itshouldturn(s) cold或 lest it (should) get cold. (以防天氣變冷)The victim would have had a chance to survive 或 would havesurvived (原來(lái)會(huì)有時(shí)機(jī)活下來(lái)) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 5.If it had not been for

9、your timely help 或 Had it not been for your timely help 或 Without your timely help 或 But for your timely help(要不是你們準(zhǔn)時(shí)幫助 ),we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment within such a short period of time.五、各種從句What most parents are concerned about或 What concerns mostparents(大多數(shù)父母所關(guān)心的) is providing the

10、best education possible for their children.(主語(yǔ)從句)I am going to pursue this course, no matter what sacrifice I am going to make/ whatever sacrifice I will make/ no matter how much I would sacrifice. (無(wú)論我要作出什么樣的犧牲) 狀語(yǔ)從句 Compared with the place where I grew up與( 我成長(zhǎng)的地方相比)，this town is more prosperous and exciting. (非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去分詞作狀語(yǔ))Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it is conveninent for you.(假設(shè)你便利的話