(山東專用)2020版高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題十名詞性從句課件外研版

1、(山東專用)2020版高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題十名詞性從句課件外研版(山東專用)2020版高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題十名詞性從句課件外研版考向分析 名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。高考對(duì)名詞性從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)what,that,whether,whatever,whichev-er,when,where,how等引導(dǎo)詞的考查上,其中what和that是考查的重點(diǎn)?？枷蚍治雒~性從句的引導(dǎo)詞單句填空考點(diǎn)清單語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用1.It is often the case thatanything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 考點(diǎn)清單語(yǔ)境運(yùn)

2、用1.It is often the case答案that句意:對(duì)于那些總是不放棄希望的人來(lái)說(shuō),發(fā)生任何事情都是有可能的,這是很常見(jiàn)的?？疾橹髡Z(yǔ)從句。本句中it為形式主語(yǔ),“anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”為真正的主語(yǔ);該從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,故由that引導(dǎo)。答案that句意:對(duì)于那些總是不放棄希望的人來(lái)說(shuō),2.A warm thought suddenly came to me thatI might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday.答案that句意:我

3、突然有了一個(gè)很溫馨的想法,我可以為我朋友的媽媽的六十大壽買(mǎi)些鮮花。本題考查同位語(yǔ)從句。“I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday”作a warm thought的同位語(yǔ)。該從句不缺任何成分,故用that引導(dǎo)。2.A warm thought suddenly came單句改錯(cuò)3.It is obvious to the students what they should get well prepared for their future.whatthat答案whatthat在題干中,it為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)為

4、students之后的主語(yǔ)從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導(dǎo)詞,what應(yīng)改為that。單句改錯(cuò)答案whatthat在題干中,it為形式主語(yǔ),4.The notice came around two in the afternoon which the meeting would be postponed.whichthat答案whichthat在題干中,afternoon之后為notice的具體內(nèi)容,即同位語(yǔ)從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導(dǎo)詞。4.The notice came around two i名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表

5、語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞如下表所示:用法精講 引導(dǎo)詞功能從屬連詞that在從句中不作任何句子成分,沒(méi)有詞匯意義whether, if在從句中不作任何句子成分,意為“是否”because在從句中不作任何句子成分,意為“因?yàn)椤边B接代詞who(ever),whom, what(ever), whose, which(ever)who(ever)和what(ever)在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ);whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ);which(ever)在從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ);whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)連接副詞when(ever), where, wherever, why,how在從

6、句中作狀語(yǔ)用法精講 引導(dǎo)詞功能從屬that在從句中不作任何句子成分,沒(méi)考點(diǎn)一that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1.that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句中不作任何成分,也沒(méi)有任何詞匯意義,但一般不可省略;that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)無(wú)詞義,在從句中不作任何句子成分,口語(yǔ)中一般可以省略,但下列情況不能省略。(1)動(dòng)詞后跟多個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),只有第一個(gè)that可以省略,從第二個(gè)從句開(kāi)始不可省略that;(2)賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。We hope, on the contrary, that you will refuse to help him. 恰恰相反,我們希望你能拒絕幫助他?？键c(diǎn)一that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

7、【點(diǎn)津】sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised等表示“態(tài)度、情感”的形容詞后也可接賓語(yǔ)從句。I am sure that you will make it in spite of all kinds of difficulties.盡管有各種各樣的困難,我確信你會(huì)成功的。【點(diǎn)津】2.為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ),that不可省略。常見(jiàn)的句式有以下幾種:(1)It+be+名詞+that從句(如:It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that.);(2)It+be+形容詞+that從句(

8、如:It is clear/important/necessary/obvious/pos-sible/strange that.);(3)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+that從句(如:It is believed/reported/said/suggested/thought that.);(4)It+特殊動(dòng)詞+that從句(如:It happens to sb. that.;It occurred to sb. 2.為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)常用it作形式主that.;It matters that.)。It suddenly occurred to me that he had

9、gone to Africa. 我突然想到他已去了非洲?！军c(diǎn)津】在“It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required/recom-mended/urged+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。Its suggested that you (should) set aside some time to work out every day.建議你每天抽點(diǎn)時(shí)間鍛煉。 that.;It matters that.)。3.it作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句(1)一些動(dòng)詞后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),需用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將t

10、hat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后置。常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞有think, believe, consider, guess, make, find, suppose等。I think it very important that you should follow the rule.我認(rèn)為遵循這個(gè)規(guī)則很重要。(2)動(dòng)詞hate, like, dislike, appreciate, enjoy等表示“喜歡、厭惡”的動(dòng)詞以及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)see to后常用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將賓語(yǔ)從句后置。3.it作形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句I shall see to it that your dog will be taken good c

11、are of. 我會(huì)確保你的狗被照顧好。I shall see to it that your do考點(diǎn)二what(ever)引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句單句填空語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用1.Whatis known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games was held successfully in Beijing.答案What句意:眾所周知,2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)在北京成功舉行。分析題干可知,“is known to us all”為主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),再根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句?？键c(diǎn)二what(ever)引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用12.Your support

12、is important to our work. Whateveryou can do helps. 答案Whatever句意:你的支持對(duì)我們的工作很重要。你做的任何事情都有幫助。本題考查主語(yǔ)從句?！皔ou can do”為主語(yǔ)從句,該從句缺少賓語(yǔ),且表示“任何事情”,故答案為Whatever(相當(dāng)于Any-thing that)。 2.Your support is important to3.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to cha

13、rge.答案what句意:我們選擇這家賓館是因?yàn)檫@里住一晚上的價(jià)格降到了20美元,(20美元)是其過(guò)去收費(fèi)的一半。本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。逗號(hào)后面是$20的同位語(yǔ),charge后面缺少賓語(yǔ),故用what引導(dǎo)。3.We choose this hotel because單句改錯(cuò)4.After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do.thatwhat答案thatwhat句意:到達(dá)學(xué)校后,我和一些同學(xué)討論了我們能做點(diǎn)什么。 “that we could do”為賓語(yǔ)從句,該從句缺少賓語(yǔ),且表示“物”,故用w

14、hat而不是that引導(dǎo)。單句改錯(cuò)what(ever)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),根據(jù)語(yǔ)境有不同的意義。Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No, what I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. 用法精講用法精講我們只有這個(gè)小書(shū)架。它夠用嗎?不。我要找的是一個(gè)更大更堅(jiān)固的東西。Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is. 在解決

15、問(wèn)題之前,必須明確問(wèn)題本身是什么。It is not always easy for the public to see what use a new invention can be of to human life.讓公眾明白一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明對(duì)人類生活有什么用途并不總是容易的。我們只有這個(gè)小書(shū)架。它夠用嗎?考點(diǎn)三whether/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句單句填空She asked me whether/if I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用考點(diǎn)三whether/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用

16、答案whether/if句意:她問(wèn)我是否已經(jīng)把書(shū)還給圖書(shū)館,我承認(rèn)我還沒(méi)有歸還。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)句意可知該賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether/if引導(dǎo)。答案whether/if句意:她問(wèn)我是否已經(jīng)把書(shū)還給圖書(shū)1.whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換,但是作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用whether。It depends on whether he will help us. 那取決于他是否會(huì)幫助我們。用法精講1.whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中可以互換,但是作介詞的賓2.賓語(yǔ)從句位于句首或者賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)用whether不用if。Whether I will come back on time

17、I am not sure at the moment. 我能否按時(shí)回來(lái),現(xiàn)在我還不確定。2.賓語(yǔ)從句位于句首或者賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)用whether不用i3.與or not連用時(shí)用whether。I didnt know whether or not he had passed the test. 我不知道他是否已經(jīng)通過(guò)了測(cè)試。3.與or not連用時(shí)用whether。4.主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中使用whether。Whether the meeting will be called off has not been decided yet.會(huì)議是否會(huì)被取消還沒(méi)有決定。The questi

18、on is whether they can finish the task on schedule. 問(wèn)題是他們能否按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。4.主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中使用whether。5.whether常與or連用表示選擇,if不能這樣用。The question of whether the house is big or small is not important. 房子是大還是小這個(gè)事情不重要。5.whether常與or連用表示選擇,if不能這樣用。考點(diǎn)四表語(yǔ)從句核心考點(diǎn)單句填空I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that

19、 why you had a few days off?語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用答案why句意:上周我開(kāi)車(chē)去珠海觀看航展了。那就是你請(qǐng)幾天假的原因嗎?根據(jù)上句提供的語(yǔ)境,下句應(yīng)該問(wèn)“請(qǐng)假的原因”。 考點(diǎn)四表語(yǔ)從句核心考點(diǎn)語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用答案why句意:上周1.主句的主語(yǔ)是advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement 等表示“建議,要求,命令”的名詞時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的形式。My suggestion is that you(should)arrive at your friends home earlier than th

20、e appointed time. 我建議你比約定的時(shí)間早到你朋友家里。用法精講1.主句的主語(yǔ)是advice, suggestion, or2.主語(yǔ)為名詞reason時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞使用that,而不是because或why。The reason why he failed in the exam was that he was too careless. 他考試不及格是由于太粗心了。2.主語(yǔ)為名詞reason時(shí),表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞使用that,3.why與because均可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,后者強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。I had a cold. Thats why I didnt atten

21、d school.我感冒了,因此我沒(méi)上學(xué)。I didnt attend school. Thats because I had a cold. 我沒(méi)去上學(xué),那是因?yàn)槲腋忻傲恕?3.why與because均可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果,考點(diǎn)五 疑問(wèn)代詞+-ever與no matter+疑問(wèn)代詞的區(qū)別單句填空Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案whoever句意:每年,在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上,制作出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人會(huì)贏得一份獎(jiǎng)品。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ)成

22、分,且表示“無(wú)論誰(shuí)”,故填whoever。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用考點(diǎn)五 疑問(wèn)代詞+-ever與no matter+疑問(wèn)whoever/whomever/whatever/whichever和no matter who/whom/what/which都可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,此時(shí)兩者可以互換。但whoever/whomev-er/whatever/whichever還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,此時(shí)不能與“no matter+疑問(wèn)代詞”互換。用法精講用法精講Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift. (主語(yǔ)從句)無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)參加聚會(huì)都會(huì)收到一份禮物。Whoever(=No m

23、atter who)comes to the party, he will receive a gift.(狀語(yǔ)從句) 無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)參加聚會(huì),都會(huì)收到一份禮物。Whoever comes to the party wil考點(diǎn)六介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句單句改錯(cuò)(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.thatwhere答案thatwhere考查賓語(yǔ)從句。where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用考點(diǎn)六介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用一般情況下介詞后只能跟wh-類連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。We are talking

24、about whether we should build another zoo. 我們正在討論是否應(yīng)該再建一個(gè)動(dòng)物園。My office is not far from where I am living. 我的辦公室離我現(xiàn)在住的地方不遠(yuǎn)。用法精講用法精講【點(diǎn)津】that引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),一般需用形式賓語(yǔ)it代替,將that從句后置。You may depend on it that I shall always help you.請(qǐng)你相信我會(huì)一直幫助你的?！军c(diǎn)津】考點(diǎn)七連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句單句填空J(rèn)ane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用考點(diǎn)七連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句語(yǔ)境運(yùn)用答案where句意:Jane在綠樹(shù)成蔭的街道上漫無(wú)目的地走著,不知道她要去哪里。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where引導(dǎo)。答案where句意:Jane在綠樹(shù)成蔭的街道上漫無(wú)目的地when,where,w