版英語(yǔ)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)國(guó)際音標(biāo)表2015版

1、英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)表（48個(gè)）元音（20個(gè)）長(zhǎng)元音/?:/?:/i:/U:/:/啊（長(zhǎng)音）奧（長(zhǎng)音）額（長(zhǎng)音）一（長(zhǎng)音）屋（長(zhǎng)音）短元音/?/?/?/U:/e/?/?/阿奧額一屋挨挨/e?/a?/?/和拼音的“ei一”樣挨外雙元音/e?/U?/?/一而挨而勿而/?U/aU/歐襖輔音（28個(gè)）輕輔音/p/t/k/f/s/頗特克佛四（咬舌四音）濁輔音輕輔音濁輔音鼻音半元音/b/d/g/v/e/z/伯得個(gè)勿字（咬舌自音）/?/h/ts/t?/tr/是和差（ci）遲缺/?/r/dz/d?/dr/日若資之/m/n/?/呣呢/j/w/邊音/?/也我了英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)及字母組合比較一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字母讀

2、音例詞編號(hào)在開(kāi)音節(jié)einameplaneJanebabycake1-01中a在閉音節(jié)?bagdadhatmapblackback1-02中在開(kāi)音節(jié)i:hethesemeChinese1-03中e在閉音節(jié)ebedletpendeskyesegg1-04中在開(kāi)音節(jié)aibikeflydrivetimenicekite1-05中i在閉音節(jié)ifishbigdrinksitmilkswim1-06中在開(kāi)音節(jié)outhoseclosegohoehomeno1-07中o在閉音節(jié)clocknotboxshopsock1-08中在開(kāi)音節(jié)ju:studentexcusedutyTuesday1-09中u在閉音節(jié)bus

3、cupjumpmuchlunch1-10中在開(kāi)音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母jlrs后邊時(shí)讀u:音，比如：Junebluerulersuper1-11二、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音編讀音例詞字號(hào)母Chinaanotherwomanbreakfast2-01aiorangecomradevillagecabbage2-02hundredstudentopenweekend2-03eichickenpocketbeginchildren2-04/iholidaybeautifulfamilyanimal2-05iaiexercisesatellite2-06secondtonightsomeb

4、odywelcome2-07oualsozerophoto2-08autumndiffcult2-09uju:popularcongratulationJanuary2-101動(dòng)詞中的a假如處在開(kāi)音節(jié)地點(diǎn)，a讀ei音，比如：operate2u處在開(kāi)音節(jié)2-11地點(diǎn)，又在輔音字母jlrs后邊時(shí)，讀u(:)音，比如：JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue2-12在非重讀音節(jié)中，很多單詞中的元音字母aei即能夠讀作音，也能夠讀作i音。三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特別讀音元音字母讀音例詞編號(hào)a在w音后wantwhatwatchwashquality3-01面a在fnskph:afterpl

5、antgraphaskgrasp3-02spssstth前glassfastfatheri在-nd-ld和aifindchildlighthigh3-03gh前o在-st-ld前oumostpostcardoldcold3-04o在mnvthcomemonkeylovemother3-05前四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編號(hào)ar:carfarmdarksharpener4-01ar在w音后邊:warmquartertowards4-02or:fortymorningshort4-03or在w音后邊:wordworkerworse4-04erirur:certainlyb

6、irdThursday4-05輔音字母r雙寫(xiě)時(shí)，前面的元音字母不可以與r組成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音。4-06比如：carrysorryhurry-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中往常讀音，比如：dollar4-07teachermartyrforgetSaturday五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音編讀音例詞字號(hào)組are5-01caredarehareereiheremere5-02ireaifirehirewire5-03ore:morescorebefore5-04urejupurecure5-05areereireore極少出此刻非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀5-

7、06音，比如：picturepleasure重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時(shí)，重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀，字母Rr讀r音。比如：parentzerostoryduringinspiring5-07某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞常常出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)音短化現(xiàn)象。比如：orangeveryAmericanparagraph5-08六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編號(hào)ai/ayeiafraidrainwaitdayplay6-01airairhairchairpairrepair6-02alsmallballtalkwallall6-03:lalwaysalsosaltalmost6-04

8、al在fm前:halfcalm6-05au/aw:autumndaughterdraw6-06i:teacheasycheapplease6-07eaeheavybreadsweater6-08weathereibreakgreat6-09iheardearnearclearyear6-10earbearpearwearswear6-11:earthlearnearly6-12eei:jeepweekgreenthree6-13eeripioneerdeerbeer6-14ei/eyeieightneighbourthey6-15i:eitherkey6-16eu/ew在ju:newfewne

9、wspaper6-17jlrs后u:flewbrewjewelry6-18ie/eis音i:piecefieldreceive6-19以后oaoucoatJoanboatgoal6-20oar/oor:roarboarddoorfloor6-21oi/oyinoisepointboytoilet6-22oou:broomfoodtoothschool6-23ubooklookcookfootgood6-24ou/owauflowerhousecountdown6-25ouknowrowthrowthough6-26youngcountryenough6-27u:groupyousoup6-28

10、:courseyourfour6-29ourauourhourours6-30:journey6-31uiju:ifluidsuicidetuition6-32在jlrs后u:juicefruitsuit6-33七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編或字號(hào)群ai/aSunday7-0yiforeign1ei/eymonkeyyellow7-0owousparrow2tomorrow元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀音或i。比如:neighbour7-0seriousfamousbiscuitcoffee3-sioimpressio7-0nnnnation4-tion-sion在visio

11、n7-0元音ndecision5字母occasion后-tionquestion7-0在snsuggestio6后n-stesnlisten7-0n7-stleslwhistle7-08-surpleasure7-0emeasure9-turpicture7-1eculture0八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)著重音符號(hào)，但此中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。8-01比如：everydayeihandbag?blackboard:有些詞跟著語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失掉其獨(dú)自存在的意義，交融成為一個(gè)詞。此中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。比如：s

12、un太陽(yáng)+dayei日子holy神圣+dayei日子break中止Sundayiholidayi+禮拜天假日f(shuō)ast:齋戒8-02breakfastcup茶杯cupboard+board木板早飯碗柜:九、輔字組的讀音輔字組讀音例詞編號(hào)bbbikebusbag9-01/bombtomb9-02ckcakepicturecoatc在e前或在i/y前music9-03ch-ckd-dgedr-fgg在ei/y前ghgu-guegu在非重讀音節(jié)中hjkkn-lm-mnsfacedecidecinema9-04muchchickrich9-05teacherkschoolheadache9-06chem

13、istrymachineChicago9-07kcockpocketblack9-08knockddoctorbreadhand9-09daybridgefridge9-10drchildrendriverdrink9-11ffivefourbreakfast9-12baggardongo9-13orangelargeGerman9-14fcoughenough9-15/lightdaughterhigh9-16guessleaguedialogue9-17wlanguageanguish9-18hhotheadhousehand9-19/hourhonest9-20jeepjarjokejo

14、in9-21Julykkindbikeskatemake9-22weeknknifeknowknock9-23llifemilkschooltall9-24mmonkeycome9-25autumnmautumncolumn9-26n在kg音前-ngpphqqu-r在詞首或清輔音前元音字母間或濁輔音前solemnnnotshinetennote9-27unclethankhungry9-28morningyoung9-29wrongppaperplanepigship9-30penfelephantphoto9-31telephonekIraq9-32kwqualityquite9-33rre

15、drubberruler9-34ssitsleepdesk9-35zmusichusband9-36sc-skscarlet9-37smusclescience9-38shshefishshirtwash9-39t在往常狀況下ttenlettermeet9-40在弱讀字母iaieiopatientnation9-41前tchwatch9-42th在往常狀況下thinthirtymethod9-43在冠詞代詞介thethesewiththan9-44詞連詞中在詞尾-the-therclothefatherweather9-45中tr-trtreetraincountry9-46truckvvve

16、ryvoiceloveleave9-47wweekwinwakesweet9-48wwait/answertwo9-49wh-wwhatwhenwhitewhy9-50wh-在字母o前hwhowhosewhole9-51xksboxtextexercise9-52在重讀元音前gzexamleexistexact9-53wr-rwrite9-54y-jyesyardyellow9-55youngzzpuzzlezerozoo9-56十、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音名詞解說(shuō)1音節(jié)以元音為主體組成的發(fā)音單位，一般說(shuō)來(lái)元音發(fā)音響亮，能夠組成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，不可以獨(dú)自組成音節(jié)（mnl0-01例外）。從單詞拼寫(xiě)形式上看

17、，有幾個(gè)元字組就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。2音節(jié)的區(qū)分在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個(gè)輔字組時(shí)，一個(gè)輔字組屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個(gè)屬于后邊的音節(jié)。比如：let-termem-berchil-drendaugh-ter在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個(gè)輔字組時(shí)，假如前面音節(jié)里的元音是長(zhǎng)音則輔字組屬于0-02后邊一個(gè)音節(jié)，假如前面一個(gè)音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個(gè)音節(jié)。比如：長(zhǎng)音pa-perstu-dentfa-therze-romo-torfar-ther短音sev-enstud-ymoth-erver-ymod-leweath-er3重讀音節(jié)單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)志雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時(shí)，應(yīng)0-03使用重讀符號(hào)。單音節(jié)詞多半是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)志讀音時(shí)不需要使用重讀符號(hào)。4開(kāi)音節(jié)絕對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后邊沒(méi)有輔字組的重讀音節(jié)。比如：noblueba-bystu-dentse-cret.0-04相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后邊加單個(gè)輔音字母，再加一個(gè)不發(fā)音字母e組成的重讀音節(jié)。比如：namethesebikehomeex-cuse.5閉音節(jié)單個(gè)元音字母后邊有輔字組（rwy除外）且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)。例0-05如：bageggfishnotcup6雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則雙音節(jié)詞的第一個(gè)音節(jié)往常是重讀音節(jié)。0-06比如：stu-dentC