詞性及基本句型講解課件-初高中英語(yǔ)銜接

1、初高中英語(yǔ)銜接2022/9/23主要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1、詞性分類及其用法2、句子成分與八種簡(jiǎn)單句3、并列句4、復(fù)合句（賓語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句）2022/9/231、詞性分類及其用法2022/9/231. 名詞 (n.) Lucy, computer, .2. 冠詞（art.) a, an, the3. 代詞（pron.) he, she, it, everyone4. 數(shù)詞（num.) one, first, three, third.5. 形容詞 (adj.) handsome, hot.6. 動(dòng)詞（v.) sing, sit, run. say.7. 副詞（adv.) slowly, q

2、uickly8. 介詞（prep.) in, on, at, of, with9. 連詞（conj.) and, or, but1.詞性數(shù)詞代詞連詞形容詞2022/9/23名詞2022/9/231、He should be louder to the runners, but he still couldnt make _ heard. him B. himself C. them D. themselves2. There are flowers and trees on _ sides of the river. every B. both C. either D. all 3. She

3、has three good friends. One is a doctor; _ are teachers of Chinese. another B. the other two C. other D. others 根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空：Different people may have different _(idea). I often go to work on _. (feet).Are there any _ in the box? (watch)My school is twenty _ walk from here.(minute)The girl under th

4、e tree is a friend of _.(Lucy)ideasfootwatchesminutesLucysB2、句子成份2022/9/23主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)。作用：學(xué)會(huì)判斷句子成分對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)長(zhǎng)難句很有幫助，英語(yǔ)句子的構(gòu)成有其規(guī)律，掌握句子的基本句型、常見句式和詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣搭配，就能寫出完整、正確的句子。2022/9/231、主語(yǔ)(Subject）：句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。We study in No. 1 Senior High School. 2、謂語(yǔ)(Predicate-V)：動(dòng)作，一般是動(dòng)詞。(句子當(dāng)中，主、謂不可缺?。〣oth of us like r

5、eading English books. 3、賓語(yǔ)(Object-O)：動(dòng)作的承受者。間接賓語(yǔ)(IO),直接賓語(yǔ)(DO).4、表語(yǔ)(Predicative-P)：與連系動(dòng)詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，是對(duì)主語(yǔ)的表述。Her father is a dentist. You look tired. 2022/9/231、主語(yǔ)：句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。English is widely used around the whole world. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believ

6、e.Smoking is not allowed in the public places. What he needs is a book.名詞數(shù)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞句子代詞2022/9/232、謂語(yǔ)：由動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)。助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加其他動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。Action speaks louder than words. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. 簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)2022/9/233、表語(yǔ)：它的位置是在連系動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞feel, smell, taste, look, sound；表示變化的動(dòng)

7、詞become, get, turn, go, grow,及表持續(xù)的動(dòng)詞remain, keep, stay) 之后。是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)或特征的。1. My father is a professor. (n.名詞)2. Whos that? Its me.(pron.代詞) 3. Everything here is expensive.(adj.形容詞)4. Seeing is believing. (動(dòng)名詞V-ing)5. The picture is on the wall.(介詞短語(yǔ)）6. His plan is to seek work in the city.（不定式）7

8、.Three times five is fifteen.（數(shù)詞）8.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（句子） 2022/9/234、賓語(yǔ)：賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象，是動(dòng)作的承受者。賓語(yǔ)一般放在動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)之后。介詞后也會(huì)跟賓語(yǔ)I like English. （名詞）I dont like it. （代詞）I enjoy working with you.（動(dòng)名詞）Give me four please.（數(shù)詞)He wants to swim in summer.(不定式）He says that you are right. （句子）202

9、2/9/235、定語(yǔ)(Attribute-Att)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。We have eight lessons from Monday to Friday. 6、狀語(yǔ)(Adverbial-A)：對(duì)動(dòng)詞或全句進(jìn)行修飾的成分,表動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。He works very hard. 7、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(Complement-C)：補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的成分。She always keeps the house clean. (賓補(bǔ)OC) The door was painted white.( 主補(bǔ)SO）8、同位語(yǔ)：即“同等位置”， 以一個(gè)名詞來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明另一個(gè)名詞或代詞。We four must

10、go now. 我們四個(gè)現(xiàn)在必須走了。Mr. Wang, my childs teacher, will be visiting us this Sunday. 我孩子的老師（王老師），這個(gè)周日要來(lái)看我們。2、簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(vi.)-S+VAll of us laughsed!主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)-S+V+OI miss my grandma.主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)S+V+PShe is a beautiful girl.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)-S+V+IO+DOHe told me a funny story.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充語(yǔ)-S+V+O+OCThe sad new

11、s made him cry. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)-S+V+AHe talked loudly. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)-S+V+O+AThey had a party at Lucys house.2022/9/232022/9/23The machine doesnt work. He is an honest student. The silk feels soft. I have a lot of friends here. Tom lent me 200 dollars. I saw him writing a letter. I find maths difficult.We cal

12、l her Lily. Father asked me to turn off the TV. 練習(xí) 分析下列句子成分及基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)(S+V+P)(S+V+P)(S+V+IO+DO)(S+V+O+OC)(S+V+O+OC)(S+V+O+OC)(S+V+O+OC)(S+V+O+A)(S+V)3、并列句并列句：包含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子且句子之間有并列連詞and; but; so; or; otherwise 等連接的句子。 He worked hard, so he got scholarship at last. You help him and he helps you. I want either this one or that one. 2022/9/23復(fù)合句：是指含有從句的句子, 復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句構(gòu)成。He asked what I wanted. (賓從)He lived in a vi