四川省成都市雙流縣彭鎮(zhèn)中學高二英語上學期期末試卷含解析

1、四川省成都市雙流縣彭鎮(zhèn)中學高二英語上學期期末試卷含解析一、 選擇題1. _ it to clear up tomorrow, the tourists would climb to the top of the mountain to see the sun _.A. If; to raiseB. Were; riseC. Should; riseD. If; raising參考答案：B考查虛擬條件句和非謂語動詞。句意：如果明天放晴，旅行者將爬到山頂去看太陽升起。使用if虛擬條件句，和將來相反用were to do sth，可以將if省略，were提前，第二空用see+賓語+賓語補足語，the

2、 sun和rise是主動關(guān)系，用省略to的不定式。故選B。2. -I dont suppose the police know who did it.-Well, surprisingly they do.A man has been arrested and _ now.A. has been questioned B. is being questioned C. is questioning D. has questioned參考答案：B3. -Could I ask you a rather personal question?-Sure_.A. pardon me B. go ahe

3、ad C. good idea D. forget it參考答案：B4. Although she is _ me _ two years, she has more working experience. A. junior than, by B. younger than, with C. senior to, by D. junior to, by參考答案：D試題分析：考查介詞。be junior to sb. by比某人年少-歲，根據(jù)句意可知選D。【知識拓展】5. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see the

4、mselves differently.Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere 參考答案：D6. This big room can _ either a living room or a dinning room.A. use toB. serve toC. function asD. change as參考答案：C7. There is now considerable concern for food of poor quality and the problems _ is causing for the public A. which B. what C. it D. t

5、hey參考答案：C8. The new machine，if _ properly，will work at least ten years.A. use B. using C. being used D. used參考答案：D9. Not only_ polluted but_ crowded.A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streetsC .was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were 參考答案：C10. I dont

6、 like talking on_telephone,I prefer writing_letters.A a the B the / C the the D a /參考答案：B11. Thereare3color1 sintheBritishflag,_,red,whiteandblue. A.like B.namely C.suchas D.forexample參考答案：B12. Ive got to the position _ hard work.A. by this means B. by all means C. by no means D. by means of參考答案：D13

7、. They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers _ it.A. surrounded B. surrounds C. surrounding D. to surround 參考答案：C14. The small mountain village we spent our holiday last month lies in is now part of Hubei.A. which; where B. where; what C. that; which D. when; which參考答案：B15. Hi, To

8、ny, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?- Sorry._A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired參考答案：C二、 填空16. You can relax if remembering everything is not your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strengthin

9、 fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers Paul Frankland and Blake Richards of the University of Toronto found that the neuro

10、biology（神經(jīng)生物學） of forgetting can be just as important to our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.“The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decision-making. As such, transience（轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝） is as important as persi

11、stence in memory systems，” their study in Neuron states.Making intelligent decisions does not mean you need to have all the information at hand, it just means you need to hold onto the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most up-to-date informati

12、on on situations. Our brains do this by generating new neurons（神經(jīng)元） in our hippocampus（海馬體）, which have the power to overwrite existing memories that are influencing our decision-making.“If youre trying to deal with the situation and your brain is constantly bringing up multiple conflicting memories

13、, that makes it harder for you to make a wise decision，” Richards told Science Daily.If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brains learning region, try exercising. Moderate aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking, and swimming have been found to increase the number of neurons

14、 making important connections in our brains.When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern, the occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healt

15、hy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decision-making by stopping us from focusing too much on minor past details. Instead, the brain promotes generalization, helping us remember the most important gist of a conversation.“One of the things that distinguishes an environme

16、nt where youre going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life，” Richards said.If youre an analyst who meets with a client weekly, your brain will recogniz

17、e that this is a client whose name and story you need to remember. If this is someone you may never meet again, your brain will weigh that information accordingly.These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, no

18、t every story.Title：Being Forgetful Might Actually Mean Youre _46_IntroductionRecent research proves that being forgetful can be a strength, for forgetting and selective memory are of _47_importance in our decision-making.The goal of memoryPeople take advantage of memory to make good decisions rathe

19、r than_48_ information._49_ of being forgetfulIt helps us forget outdated information.Making wise decisions involves the existing memories making _50_for the latest information.Meanwhile, too much contradictory information in memory can do harm to our decision-making.Exercising helps increase neuron

20、s, contributing to our _51_ decision-making.It helps us see the big _52_After _53_the information it gets, the brain chooses to focus on the key points, occasionally forgetting unimportant past details.Whether to remember or forget particular stuff is _54_by the degree of the consistency of the envi

21、ronment and the _55_ of things reappearing later in life.ConclusionOur brains are working smarter when aiming to remember the right stories, not every story.參考答案：46. Smarter 47. equal 48. transmit 49. Advantages/Benefits 50. way/space/room 51. improved/better 52. picture 53. weighing/comparing 54. d

22、etermined/decided 55. likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是說明文，大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明?！?6題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)文章最后一段These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.可知研究結(jié)果

23、表明當我們只記住重點而不是所有內(nèi)容時，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明。與句中Our brains are working smarter一致，故填Smarter.【47題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第一段being forgetful can be a strengthin fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.和第二段that the neurobiology of forgetting can be just as important to our decision-making as

24、what our minds choose to remember.可知健忘可能是一種力量事實上，選擇性記憶和我們的決定一樣重要。根據(jù)as important as,故填equal.【48題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞。根據(jù)第三段中The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decision-making.可知記憶的目標不是通過時間傳遞信息。相反,記憶的目標是幫助提高決定。根據(jù)the transmissi

25、on of information此處用其動詞形式，故填transmit.【49題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)本項內(nèi)容中It helps us forget outdated information.和It helps us see the big _7_可知此項是介紹健忘的好處或優(yōu)點，故填A(yù)dvantages/Benefits.【50題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第四段And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most up-to-date information on situations.可知

26、健忘能夠清理大腦空間，為記住最新信息做準備。根據(jù)clearing up space可知是清理空間，騰地方，故填way/space/room.【51題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第六段If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brains learning region, try exercising. increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.可知鍛煉有助于增加大腦學習區(qū)域的新神經(jīng)元的數(shù)量，幫助我們更好地做決

27、定。故填improved/better.【52題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)后面內(nèi)容可知大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息。記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。這些都說明健忘能夠幫助我們記住重要信息，顧全大局。故填picture.【53題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞。根據(jù)第七段When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not

28、matter.可知大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息。指權(quán)衡比較，故填weighing/comparing.【54題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞形式。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where youre going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and ho

29、w likely things are to come back into your life.中how consistent the environment is可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度，故填determined/decided.【55題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)第八段One of the things that distinguishes an environment where youre going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff

30、is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life.中how likely things are to come back into your life.可知記住或忘記特定的東西取決于環(huán)境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重現(xiàn)的可能性。與likely意思一致，此處用名詞，表示“可能性”，故填likelihood/chance/possibility/probability.三、 閱讀理解17. 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出

31、一個最佳選項。With its 190 million inhabitants, Brazil has the largest population in Latin America and ranks fifth in the world. However, Brazils population growth rate has dropped greatly and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. This achievement really becomes the envy of many other Thir

32、d World countries. Brazil has become one of the developing worlds great successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had a better result without really trying, says George Martine at

33、Harvard.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas(TV series) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazils most popular tel

34、evision network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most TV series are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities. “Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction(生育), t

35、hey describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers.